Used Fuho Vbs 2012 for sale (1,298)

Condition: new, Machine in stock and immediately available. Cutting width: 1010 mm Cutting height: 340 mm Working height: 1000 mm Table size: 600 x 500 mm Stepless cutting speed: 1st gear: 20-85 m/min 2nd gear: 120 - 500 m/min Saw blade length: 4540 mm Saw blade width: 3 - 16 mm Tilting and swiveling table in 4 directions: 15° Motor power: 1.5 kW Weight, approx.: 800 kg Equipment: - Saw blade - Stepless cutting speed - Blade welding device - Saw blade in adjustable precision guides - Table that can be tilted in all directions (not available on machines with table feed due to design) - Band shear - Grinding unit - Chip brush Blodpfx Asilk Rdjigek - Ring screw for moving the machine - Machine light - LED speed display - Blower device - CE

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, New mill spindle 2026 Turning diameter: 760 mm Turning length: 1540 mm Bsdpfx Aiezg N Diogelk Control: FANUC Chuck diameter: 254 mm Bar capacity: 76 mm Spindle bore: 86 mm Swing over bed: 1000 mm X-axis travel: 630 x 220 mm Z-axis travel: 1585 x 1515 mm Y-axis travel: 230 mm Spindle speed: 4,000 rpm Spindle nose: A2-8 Milling spindle speed range: 12,000 rpm Tool changer: 40 positions Turret: 12 stations Tool holder: BMT 65 P, Capto Drive power: 26/22 kW Total power requirement: 100 kVA Machine weight: approx. 15.5 t Space required: approx. 6.1 x 2.7 x 3.0 m Options: High pressure coolant 60 bar Auto door & Safety Edge Auto tool setter Coolant blast for chuck jaw cleaning Coolant gun Dual chuck pressure LNS Bar feed interface Prep. for special steady rest lower turret Thru-coolant for Main and Sub spindle Tool load monotoring function Profibus 3 color patrol lamp Renishaw RMP60 INCL. high speed SKIp Function

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Delivery Palamides Delta 703 Year: 2012 - Vertical stack delivery with pressing Bsdpsx Ndzdofx Aigolk - Banding device(s): 3

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Used Horizon VAC-600Ha Collator This used but modern Horizon VAC-600Ha collator is a powerful single-sheet collator. It can be used as a standalone unit or as part of a larger brochure manufacturing system. Special Features: -Modular design: Expandable from 6 to up to 36 stations -Double-cycle program for non-stop operation -Individual air supply for each station allows safe paper intake -Suitable for processing various types of paper, including critical materials Technical Specifications: -Maximum paper size: 500 x 350 mm -Minimum paper size: 148 x 120 mm Bedpfezhlt Asx Aigolk -Load capacity: 130 mm per station -Speed: Up to 9,500 cycles per hour -Dimensions: 810 x 652 x 1,961 mm -Weight: 324 kg per tower -Power supply: 230 V, 10.6 A, 2.3 kW All-Inclusive Service Package We take care of everything: from secure packaging and transportation to customs clearance. Upon request, we can also provide a customized leasing offer. Sustainable and Economical Choose a used machine and benefit twice: Save the environment and your budget. Despite possible signs of use, you receive a quality product at an attractive price.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, TM Bohrtechnik TMB 25 drilling rig, year of manufacture: 2011, compressor operating hours: 5,308h, diesel engine operating hours: 8,002h, 5x drill rods, drilling head, dust collector, immediately ready for use, good condition, German machine. Upon request, we can provide you with a leasing or financing offer from Mercedes-Benz Bank. Mr. Ebert (Tel.) will be happy to assist you. Further information is available on our website. Subject to prior sale and errors! = Further Information = Intended use: Construction Please contact Tobias Ebert for more details. Bledpezm Eq Ejfx Aigsk

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview This craft brewery system was manufactured in 2012 by Slowbeer and other manufacturers. The system is designed for beer production and includes brewhouse, fermentation vessels, milling equipment, and temperature control units. The machines are described as in very good condition with low operating usage. Technical data - Capacity: 250 L brewhouse - Application: Beer production - Configuration: Brewhouse, multiple fermenters, malt mill, heating and cooling unit Blodsy Sic Sspfx Aigjk Scope of Delivery  - Brewhouse | Slowbeer | MB 250E | 2012 | 250 L brewhouse system - Fermenter | 2012 | 500 L stainless steel fermenter with CIP system - Fermenter | 2012 | 2 × 1,200 L isobaric conical fermenters - Fermenter | 2012 | 1,200 L isobaric flat-bottom fermenter - Malt mill | Sommer | Piccolo 11S | 2012 | Capacity 100–150 kg/h with support frame and hopper - Heating and cooling unit | Winus | Model M | 2012 | Control unit with 4 digital thermostats for up to 10,000 L - Pump | 2012 | Transfer and cleaning pump with inverter

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview  This brewhouse and utilities package was manufactured between 2001 and 2023 by European manufacturers including Slowbeer, GG-Technik, Lavor, Sommer, Quantor and others. The package centers around a 500 L brewhouse and includes steam generation, milling, cooling, compressed air and transfer pumps. Personal inspection is possible, Technical data  - Brewhouse capacity: 500 L - Configuration: 3 kettles + hot water tank + cold water tank + boiler - Steam heated - Cooling capacity: 35.8 kW Scope of Delivery  - Brewhouse | Slowbeer | MB-500MAN | 2012 | 500 L, incl. tanks & boiler - Steam Generator | GG-Technik | TD9 | 2016 | 5 kW - Steam Generator | Lavor | GV Vesuvio | 2014 | 18 kW, serviced 2025 - Malt Mill | Sommer | Piccolo 11 S | 2012 | Grain mill - Cooling Unit | Quantor | Q352RHQ | 2021 | 35.8 kW - Air Tank | Fiaseis | Coinox | 2023 | 270 L, stainless steel - Compressor | CompAir | WinVOM L15 7.5 | 2001 | — - Transfer Pump (2x) | Ebara | CDXM-B120-20 | — | Stainless steel Blodeyg R Dlepfx Aigjk - Air Dryer | — | E2000 | 2001 | Air drying unit

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview  Bledpfxjyg R Auo Aigok This fermentation tank package was manufactured between 2012 and 2019 by Oxinox and Slowbeer. It consists of isobaric and atmospheric stainless-steel fermenters with different capacities. Personal inspection is possible. Technical data  - Total tanks: 8 units - Isobaric tanks: 5 units - Atmospheric tanks: 3 units - Material: Stainless steel (316-L for Oxinox tanks) Scope of Delivery  - Isobaric Fermenter (4x) | Oxinox | Oxi-19 | 2019 | 1,600 L each - Atmospheric Fermenter (3x) | Slowbeer | Plano 1200L | 2012 | 1,200 L each - Isobaric Fermenter | Oxinox | Oxi Clooper | 2016 | 1,400 L  

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview  This 20 hL brewhouse was manufactured in 2012 by Schwarzenbeker. It is a 2-vessel system (Mash/Boil + Lauter/Whirlpool) with a net capacity of 18–19 hL and a maximum mash load of 600 kg. The brewhouse is steam-powered with a double steam jacket and PLC-based automation, offering recipe management and precise process control. It is in generally good condition, though a minor review is recommended. The package also includes a biomass steam generator (Teivy, 2012), a malt mill (Robix, 2012), and a plate filter (Cespedes, 2013). Technical data  - Capacity: 20 hL gross / 18–19 hL net - Configuration: 2-vessel system – Mash/Boil + Lauter/Whirlpool - Max. mash load: 600 kg - Average efficiency: 83% - Average lautering time: 2 hours - Heating system: Double steam jacket (lateral + bottom, independent) - Max. pressure: 3 bar - Automation: Touch-screen PLC, VFD for pump/agitator/cutter, temperature control, programmable mash recipes - Monitoring: PT100 temperature probes in Mash/Boil and heat exchanger outlet - CIP: Spray balls in Mash and Lauter vessels - Safety: Pressure relief valve in Whirlpool - Other features: Auger feed connection, operation manuals included Scope of Delivery  - Brewhouse | Schwarzenbeker | 20 hL Brewhouse | 2012 | 2-vessel system, steam-heated, PLC automation - Steam Generator | Teivy | Biomass Steam Generator | 2012 | Pellet-fired, fully functional - Malt Mill | Robix | Roppi-1100 | 2012 | Incl. metal detector magnet - Plate Filter | Cespedes | – | 2013 | 50–98 plates, adaptors included, no pump Bledpfx Aieyb S Egjgok  

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview  This set of ten stainless steel isobaric tanks was manufactured between 2012 and 2024 by the Spanish company EtD (Talleres Esteban Tolosa). The lot includes five fermenters and three lagering tanks, all pressure-rated at 3 bar. Bjdpfoyb S A Ssx Aigjlk All tanks are in good condition, fully functional, and well maintained. The newer 2024 models have seen minimal use. The tanks can be purchased as a complete set or individually upon request. Technical data  - Type: Isobaric fermenting and lagering tanks - Manufacturer: EtD (Talleres Esteban Tolosa) - Years of Manufacture: 2012 – 2024 - Total Units: 10 (7 fermenters + 3 lagering tanks) - Working Pressure: 3 bar - Material: AISI 304 stainless steel Scope of Delivery  Fermenting Tanks - 3× 45 hL (net 45, gross 47) | EtD | 2012 - 2× 50 hL (net 50, gross 55) | EtD | 2024 - 2× 50 hL (net 50, gross 55) | EtD | 2020 Lagering Tanks - 3× 50 hL (net 50, gross 55) | EtD | 012 | Horizontal isobaric with carbonation stones

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview Bodpfx Aeyb Sqvoigslk This tray packer was manufactured in 2012 by the german manufacturer MEYPACK. It is already dismantled and stored in the BEVMAQ warehouses. The conveyor system is not included, the inlet and tray magazine are included. Technical data  - type: VP500 - year of manufacture: 2012 - Total output: 20 cycles/min - length 8000 mm | width 1600 mm | infeed and outfeed height: 1250 mm - packaging data:  - length: 100-300 mm - width: 200-450 mm - height: 60-350 mm - height of tray edging: 40-100 mm - pre-cut: - length: 200-500 mm - width: 290-600 mm - power: 400V,N,PE | 10kW/33A |  - air: 6-7 bar | 20 NL/cycle

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview The Krones, Gera, Joha, Markl, Miho filling line for returnable glass bottles was previously used to fill beer in a brewery in southern Germany. Technical Specifications - Output: 7,800 bph - Producs: Beer and CSD - Formats: - NRW 0.5 l - 0.33 l ring neck - 0.25 l LN Machine List  - Machine type: Decrater - Manufacturer: BMS - Year of manufacture: 2012 - Machine type: Decapper (Screw Cap) - Manufacturer: Rink - Decapping in the crate Euro 0,5l in 4x5 crate - Year of manufacture: 2012 - Machine type: Bottle washer - Manufacturer: Gera - Year of manufacture: 2024 - Machine type: Empty bottle inspector - Manufacturer: Krones - Model: Smarttronic - Incl. Pusher - Year of manufacture: 2012 - Machine type: Filler - Manufacturer: Kosme - Model: Isofill G 28/960 - 28 Valves - Year of manufacture: 2012 - With Combi Capper 4 heads(Crown Cork and Screw Cap) - Capacity: Bodpfoyb Sbuex Aigolk - 7,800 bph - Machine type: Labeling machine - Manufacturer: Krones - Model: Robusta - Refurbished in 2012 - 10 Bottle plates - 2 Label stations with 4 grippers and 4 glue pallets - Inkjet printer - Machine type: Crater - Manufacturer: BMS - Year of manufacture: 2012 - Crate format: Modul Crate 4x5

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview (H2) This CIMEC S1/2 ADH labeling machine was manufactured in 2012 and is designed for labeling long-neck bottles in the formats 33cl, 50cl and 27.5cl. The machine achieves an output of up to 2,500 bottles per hour and is already disassembled and available at short notice. Technical details (H3) - Output: 2,500 bottles/hour - Bottle formats: - 33cl longneck - 50cl longneck - 27.5cl longneck - Machine rotation: clockwise - Bottle holders: 6 plates - Labeling stations: 2 self-adhesive label dispensers - Power supply: 380V / 3-phase / 50 Hz - Power consumption: 2 kW - Machine weight: approx. 1,200 kg - Bottle sizes: - Height: 200-380 mm Bodev Hcahspfx Aigslk - Diameter: 50-120 mm - Label sizes: - Front label: width 50-240 mm, height max. 140 mm - Back label: width 50-140 mm, height max. 140 mm - Max. Paper feed height: 150 mm (optional 195 mm) - Max. Label width at maximum speed: 150 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview  This complete brewhouse was manufactured in 2012 and enables the production of 1,000-liter brews. The system works with steam and includes brewing, fermentation and storage tanks. It is immediately available and is currently installed and ready for operation in the production facility. The seller confirms that the system has worked perfectly until recently. The boilers have a copper coating, while the rest of the system is made of stainless steel. Details - Wort yield: 1,000 liters per brew - Heating system: Steam - Current status: Installed and ready for operation - Availability: Immediately Scope of delivery  - Brewhouse | Mini Brewery System | CI T 10 | 2012 - 2 kettles (mash tun above the whirlpool as one unit + separate boiling kettle) - Steam boiler | Mini Brewery System | - | 2012 (electric) - Plate heat exchanger - Hot water tank | 1,500 L - Reverse osmosis system | ALFA | compact model | - - Capacity: 150-200 L/h - 4x Isobaric fermenter | Mini Brewery System | 1,000L | 2012 - 4x Horizontal isobaric maturation tank | DuoTank | 500 L | 2018 Bjdpfx Asv Da Dljigslk - Cooling jacket & bag system for optimum beer preservation

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview  This packaging machine for cups was built in 2012 by the German manufacturer Schubert. The machine was last used by a dairy company, is in a well-maintained condition and is available immediately. Technical details  - Output: 270 cups/minute - Format range - Round cups - D = 63 - 95 mm - H = 35 - 125 mm - 2 - chamber cup - 86 x 86 mm - 109 x 109 mm (square) - 125 x 95 mm (oval) - Type of packaging - Primary packaging - Cups in sleeves, then in trays and crates - Format range, max. sleeve length flat blank: 450 mm - Secondary packaging - Trays and trays: Solid cardboard (trays) and corrugated cardboard - Format range, flat cut: 200 x 400 mm - 600 x 800 mm - Tray height = 15 - 55 mm - Tray height = 35 - 100 mm Bjdpfevpd S Rsx Aigjlk - Last used for - Tray 24 - Tray of 8 - 12 tray - Control: Schubert via individual modules - Weight: approx. 15 tons Further information, pictures and videos of the machine on request

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview This microbrewery had to cease operations in recently. The original plan was to continue operations, but as this did not happen for various reasons, the entire equipment is now being sold as a whole. Equipment - Steam generator with gasoil burner and its tank. - Three-phase mill for grain grinding. - 800-liter brewhouse with steam jacket consisting of boiler, filter tank, lung, liquor tank, tubular cooler, accumulated osmotized water tank, and 3 necessary pumps for its operation. - Industrial osmosis and descaling equipment. - 4 atmospheric cylindrical-conical fermenters with refrigeration jacket and a capacity of 1000 liters. - 3 atmospheric cylindrical-conical fermenters with refrigeration jacket and a capacity of 1300 liters. - 1 cooling system for fermenters with temperature control panel by PLC. - 1 cleaning pump. - 1 transfer pump. - Several hoses necessary for transfers and packaging. - 1 atmospheric monoblock bottling and capping machine for 33 cl bottles with filling capacity of 1,200 containers/hour. - 2 compressors necessary for the operation of the bottling machine. - 1 manual 6-spout filler for emergencies and special bottles. - Semi-automatic adhesive labeler. Bsdpfx Ajuzpipsigslk - 1 compressor necessary for the labeler. - Ribbon printer for adding variables to the labels, with rewinder. - 1 pallet truck. - 6m x 2.50m x 3m high refrigeration chamber. - Industrial scale. - Including all sandwich panels from which the production rooms are made

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 56,500 h, clamping force: 50 kN, displacement volume: 59 cm³, injection pressure: 2,500 bar, overall weight: 2,900 kg, screw conveyor diameter: 25 mm, terms of delivery: FCA Pegnitz Bsdpfx Asy N Eccoigelk delivery time: on request terms of payment: 100% prior to delivery

Condition: good (used), Respiratory protection filter, pocket filter -WxHxL: 592x490x360 mm: AUT-Pak C86-8 KK: 1 piece -WxHxL: 592x287x360 mm: AUT-Pak C86-8 KK: 1 piece -WxHxL: 592x592x500 mm: AUT-Pak C86-8 KK: 3 pieces -WxHxL: 592x287x500 mm: AUT-Pak C86-8 KK: 1 piece -WxHxL: 287x592x500 mm: AUT-Pak C86-4 KK: 1 piece -WxHxL: 490x592x360 mm: AUT-Pak C86-6: 4 pieces Bjdpfsd N Tl Dox Aigslk -WxHxL: 592x287x360 mm: C-8T-K: 5 pieces -WxHxL: 592x592x500 mm: AUT-Pak C86-6: 9 pieces -WxHxL: 592x592x600 mm: HTH 76600/6: 4 pieces -WxHxL: 592x287x600 mm: HTH 72600/8: 4 pieces -Price: complete -Number: 33 pieces -Weight: 45 kg

Year of construction: 1996, condition: used, machine/vehicle number: A9611003/0100, Technical data: - Manufacturer: Venjakob - Type: VBS 1300 - Working width: 1.300mm - Year of construction: 1996 - Operating side: left - Electric height adjustment of the sanding rollers - Constant table height, working height 920+-20mm - Manufacturer of brush sanding heads: Flex Trimm - Number of brush sanding heads: 2 pieces - Diameter of the sanding heads: 280/390mm - Sanding centre length 55mm - Roller1, grit 240, roller2, grit 280 Bsdpfeyyyhuox Aigelk - Speed of the brush sanding heads: 100-1000 rpm - Angled brushes - With brush oscillation - With vacuum belt - Feed speed: 1.5 - 7.5m/min. - Motor power 4KW - Machinelength: 3.500mm - Very sturdily built machine - Colour: light grey RAL 7035 - Total connected load 16KW - weight: 2740 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: V309866-20, pressing force: 126 t, filling opening width: 1,620 mm, filling opening length: 1,000 mm, bale length: 1,800 mm, bale width: 1,100 mm, bale height: 720 mm, bale weight: 650 kg, total height: 7,034 mm, type of input current: DC, input voltage: 400 V, overall weight: 43,000 kg, noise level: 85 dB, pressure: 280 bar, oil tank capacity: 2,700 l, power: 160 kW (217.54 HP), empty load weight: 43,000 kg, protection type (IP code): IP55, stroke length: 2,900 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, Blodpfxeznm H Ds Aigsk

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 14,597 h, travel distance X-axis: 195 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, controller manufacturer: MAZATROL, controller model: Smart, number of slots in tool magazine: 12, number of axes: 2, Horizontal turning machine manufactured in 2012. This Mazak Quick Turn Smart 200 features a 12-position turret and is equipped with a Hainbuch chuck, enhancing its versatility. It has a bar capacity of 65 mm, making it suitable for various turning applications. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Mazak Quick Turn Smart 200 machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Supply Voltage: 3 Phase, 400 V, 50 Hz • Control Circuit Voltage: AC100 V / DC24 V • Main Breaker Interrupting Capacity: 20 kA • Supply Voltage (Ue): 400 V, 3~ • Rated Current (Ie): 3.5 A • Frequency: 50 Hz • Weight Barfeeder: 500 kg Bodpezhbqkjfx Aigelk • Breaking Capacity (Icn): 5 kA • Control: Mazatrol Smart • Turret: 12-Position • Bar Capacity: 65 mm • Hainbuch Chuck (Standard Chuck Also Included) • Optional, not included: IEMCA KID 80 Bar Feeder (2012) Technical Specification Counter Spindle No Driven Tools No

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 37,500 h, machine/vehicle number: IntNr231616, Bsdpfx Aijzggfqsgolk

Condition: repair required (used), functionality: limited functionality, mileage: 43,068 km, power: 47.07 kW (64.00 HP), first registration: 08/2012, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 1,498 kg, overall weight: 2,200 kg, axle configuration: 4x2, fuel: diesel, color: white, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, suspension: steel, loading space volume: 3.5 m³, Year of construction: 2012, Equipment: ABS, hydraulics, Garbage truck: - Piaggio - Maxxi D120 (S90RKW-SEM) - EZ: 08/31/2012 - approx. 70,000km - 64hp diesel engine 1201ccm Euro 5 Bedpovxh Smefx Aigslk - 5-speed manual transmission - Empty weight: 1,498kg; permissible gross weight: 2,200kg - 430cm x 145cm x 200cm (lxwxh) - Rear view camera - Radio/CD - Yellow light - Electric trailer - 2-seater - Twin tires - Aluminum tipping container, 3.5m³ with rear support - Press - Bin lifter (600kg) - Electrical problem on the body - Press and support OK - Rest not working! - Municipal vehicle from 1st hand Receive all newly listed vehicles by email - sign up for our NEWSLETTER! Errors and typos possible, subject to prior sale!

Year of construction: 2012, condition: used, 4-axis machining center with 8-way tool changer for aluminum or PVC profiles Max. processing length: 7,600 mm Y-axis travel: 850 mm Z-axis travel: 650 mm Bjdpfozf I Uwsx Aigolk Swivel angle A-axis: 0° - 180° Max. speed 21,000 rpm Weight: approx. 5,000 kg New Windows PC in 2022 Minimalmengensprühung Spanner capture and automatic shifting 8 pneumatic workpiece clamps Pendulum operation through two light barrier areas Spindle in like-new condition (15.5 kN pickup force) Elusoft dongle for programming on external PC Loading is included in the price

Condition: new, travel distance X-axis: 2,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,200 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 800 mm, feed rate X-axis: 30,000 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 30,000 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 30,000 m/min, table length: 1,900 mm, table width: 1,100 mm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, table load: 4,000 kg, position of the milling head: Vertikal, torque: 1,356 Nm, spindle nose: SK 50 - DIN 69871A, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, STARVISION DH 2012 Portal Milling Machine – available for short-term delivery The STARVISION DH 2012 is a high-precision portal milling machine for machining large and heavy workpieces. Ideal for mold making, mechanical engineering, or contract manufacturing, as well as for demanding machining tasks with high requirements for stability, dynamics, and accuracy. Your benefits at a glance: ✔ Installation & commissioning in Germany included ✔ Service & spare parts directly from JMT ✔ Financing / lease purchase possible ✔ High rigidity for heavy machining ✔ 24 months warranty Bledpfxjq Ixc Te Aigok Why STARVISION: STARVISION stands for modern portal milling machines with high precision and efficient machining. Thanks to its stable portal design, powerful drives, and high-quality components, the machine is ideally suited for demanding applications. Technical features: Control system: HEIDENHAIN TNC 7 control HEIDENHAIN TFT screen 19" HEIDENHAIN motors, measuring systems, and electronic handwheel Cooling: Internal coolant supply (ICS) 70 bar Tool changer: 60-position chain magazine with dual gripper Chip removal: Hinged belt chip conveyor (transverse) Double screw conveyor (longitudinal) Preparation: Preparation for 4th axis (rotary table) Enclosure: Full enclosure, closed at the top Accuracy: Positioning accuracy: ± 0.025 mm Repeatability: ± 0.020 mm Your advantages as a JMT customer: ✔ Official sales partner in Germany ✔ Technical support and on-site service ✔ Fast supply of spare parts ✔ Training and instruction included