Used Cnc Thread Cutting Machine for sale (66,842)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, That’s a double-productive CNC laser machine. There's no magic, just two laser heads. In addition, this laser engraver and cutter features a lighting table with a powerful chain that can hold workpieces weighing up to 80 kg. Two laser heads function simultaneously at a minimum distance of 130 mm apart. Each has its own 100-120W laser tube, making it possible to work at fast rates. Wattsan 1610 works with wood, plywood, cardboard, paper, plexiglass, acrylic, plastic, rubber, leather, stone, etc. Wattsan 1610 Duos LT characteristics Working area: 1600x1000 mm Laser power: 100-130 W Working table lowering depth: 160 mm Positioning precision: 0,03 mm Machine size: 1600 x 2200 x 670 mm + if it is on wheels 315 mm Packing size: 2300 x 1750 x 810 mm Weight: 457 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Ljdpsh Ucxdjfx Ackeab Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, 1290 is a professional laser cutter for serious manufacturing. It has a through table, allowing you to cut materials and rolls of fabric of any length. The Wattsan CNC laser machine is built to have a 24/7 work capacity in series production. Wattsan 1290 ST can cut up to 10–13 mm and engrave wood, cardboard, acrylic, glass, rubber, stone, wool, etc. This model has a feature: you can remove the front wall and use the opened space to cut sheets and rolls of materials. It also has a waste collection container that will make the work much more pleasing. Lodpfxeh Ucrbj Ackoab You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 1290 ST characteristics: Working area: 1200x900 mm Laser power: 100-130 W Working table lowering depth: 40 mm Positioning precision: 0,03 mm Machine size: 1410 x 1790 x 670 mm + if it is on wheels 315 mm Packing size: 1880 x 1490 x 810 mm Weight: 368 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, This CNC laser machine has a working area of 1600x1000 mm and is intended for use by a big factory for 24/7. In addition, this laser engraver and cutter features a lighting table with a powerful chain that can hold workpieces weighing up to 80 kg. Wattsan 1610 LT will push your production to new heights. The Wattsan 1610 LT has a lowering depth of 160 mm. This model operates on wood, plywood, cardboard, paper, plexiglass, acrylic, plastic, rubber, leather, stone, etc. It also has a waste collection container that will make the work much more pleasing. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 1610 LT characteristics: Working area: 1600x1000 mm Laser power: 100-130 W Working table lowering depth: 160 mm Positioning precision: 0,03 mm Lasdpfx Ash Ucwcsckjb Machine size: 1505 x 2200 x 670 mm + if it is on wheels 315 mm Packing size: 2300 x 1600 x 810 mm Weight: 532 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, 1290 is a professional laser cutter for serious manufacturing. It has a through table, allowing you to cut materials and rolls of fabric of any length. In addition, it has two laser heads, which transform this CNC laser machine into a super-efficient monster that works 24/7. Wattsan 1290 ST can cut up to 10–13 mm and engrave wood, cardboard, acrylic, glass, rubber, stone, wool, etc. Two laser heads function simultaneously at a minimum distance of 130 mm apart. This model also has a waste collection container that will make the work much more pleasing. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 1290 Duos ST characteristics: Laedpfx Acjh Ucruokeb Working area: 1200x900 mm Laser power: 100-130 W Working table lowering depth: 40 mm Positioning precision: 0,03 mm Machine size: 1410 x 1790 x 670 mm + if it is on wheels 315 mm Packing size: 1920 x 1630 x 820 mm Weight: 393 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, Laser engraving machine for home use and hobby. This table-top equipment can also cut wood, paper, cardboard, acrylic, and fabric. A Wattsan СO2 laser engraver is primarily intended for cutting small workpieces. Compact, trustworthy, and precise — exactly what you need. Wattsan 6040 engraver operates plywood, wood, plastics, rubber, leather, fabric, and much more. It can cut materials up to 7-8 mm. It’s often used for souvenirs production, stamps, little decorations, etc. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 6040 characteristics Working area: 600x400 mm Laser power: 90-100 W Working table lowering depth: 200 mm Positioning precision: 0,03 mm Machine size: 765 x 1165 x 600 mm Packing size: 860 x 1250 x 790 mm Weight: 121 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Lsdpfx Acsh Uc Erjkeab Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, - Thread cutting device - Control panel with OLED display - LED lighting - Quickly adjustable and ergonomic drilling depth stop - Continuously variable speed control via central rotary knob - Thermal overload protection - Spindle stop - Drilling protection with electric. Protection - Connection cable with Schuko plug TECHNICAL DATA - Spindle: B16 - Drilling depth: 60 mm - Projection: 220 mm - Column diameter: 70 mm - Spindle/work surface: 140 – 315 mm - Drill head height adjustment: by hand - Speed display: digital - Drilling depth display: digital - Feed (mm/revolution): by hand - Spindle speeds continuously variable: 60 – 6,000 rpm - Continuous/normal drilling capacity: 10/12 mm - Thread cutting capacity (depending on pitch): M6 - FACTORY WARRANTY: 3 years (single shift) - OPTION drilling package 1 (No. 296570) Machine vice Flott [felix] 2.0 80 and keyless drill chuck 1-13 mm (accuracy 0.17 mm) Price: € 275,- - FREE DELIVERY (Germany only) NOT THE RIGHT MACHINE? Ledpjfx U D Aefx Ackjab WE ARE A FLOTT SUPPORT POINT PARTNER AND CAN OFFER YOU ALL PRODUCTS FROM THE FLOTT RANGE! ASK FOR A QUOTE!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, Ref. -No.: 10442 Manufacturer: LIEBHERR Type: LC 122 Year of construction: 2002 Type of control: CNC Control: LIEBHERR PC NC Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Germany Hob diameter max.: 90 mm Table Diameter: 145 mm Max. Module: 3 mm Smallest number of millable teeth: 4 Milling head swivel angle: +/- 45 ° Resolution accuracy: 0,1 Degree Workpiece table load: 17 kN Milling speed: 450 - 4.500 1 / min Operating voltage: 400 V control voltage: 24 V frequency: 50 Hz Max. rated current: 55 A Lajdpfx Acsym Nbcjksb Fuse in the supply line: 63 A Max. milling diameter spur gears/helical gears: 125 mm Max. milling width spur gears/helical gears: 250 (axial) mm Spindle stroke: 180 mm Max. cutter width: 200 mm Further information: Ambient temperature: +12°.....+40° Operating noise: 78 dB (A) Milling head designation: motor milling head Workpiece axis: vertical Stand: movable Table: fixed Milling method: axial hobbing in the same or opposite direction The machine can be inspected under power by arrangement.

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), CNC ultra high pressure water jet cutting machine SAME /Bogacki - 2515 BA 2D -demonstration machine - travel: 2.550 x 1.550 x 200 mm Control system: BOSCH MTX Aquacut edition - CAD / CAM system - Operating PC with portable electronics. Handwheel incl. high pressure pump HB 50 incl. stainless steel working table ( 2.700 x 1.700 mm) incl. CE- safety device (light barriers) incl. splash guard (see pictures) Lajdogq Nqbepfx Ackob incl. abrasive container (250 kg) incl. abrasive cutting head Allfi incl. red light laser incl. drilling unit 4mm diameter receptacle ER 16 - few operating hours

Condition: new, R425-1G4S7 NSK TAPERED SINGLE ROW ROLLER BEARINGS NEW, NEVER USED Lodpfeqpf T Isx Acksab Main Demensions: 425 x 700 x 150 mm Weight 216 kg 2 units available WAREHOUSE LIQUIDATION

Condition: new, STF374KV5051GAS3 FOUR ROW TAPER ROLLER BEARINGS NSK Laodpfxjqpfvbs Ackob NEW, NEVER USED Main Demensions: 374,65 x 501,65 x 250,83 mm Weight 156 kg 3 units available WAREHOUSE LIQUIDATION

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, – Capacity M5–M36 – Hydraulic – Working range 2050 mm – Rotatable head – Quick-change chuck Lodpoxtq Shjfx Ackjab – Infinitely variable thread cutting speed – Infinitely variable return speed – Digital speed display – Includes 14 thread cutting inserts – Heavy-duty work table with T-slots – Lubrication system with manual or automatic function – Emergency stop switch – Documentation – 400V

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Plasma sheet cutting, combined with drilling and tapping Heavy-duty gantry type cutting system combined for drilling, plasma and oxy-fuel cutting applications. Double-side drive, precise positioning system with rack and pinion on 3 linear axes and zero-backlash on the torch rotational axes. Reinforced construction of the gantry and drives to handle the heavy load during drilling applications. Low backlash, precision gears, as well as highly rigid and precise rail guiding system enable the smooth motion and excellent cut quality in corners and small holes. Transversal motion range (Y axis) -- on request Longitudinal motion range (X axis) -- on request Vertical motion range (Z axis) -- 500 mm KEY FEATURES: ▪ Fully automated technology for program creation and execution ▪ Program based on 2D part drawing ▪ Drill / tap operations assigned to single or multiple holes with the same diameter ▪ Automatic part nesting and rapid moves between holes and parts with different strategies ▪ Automatic tool change, fully programmable, no operator intervention needed ▪ Single program zero position for the complete drill and plasma cut processing in a single program. Just as normal sheet cutting process, no special settings or procedure required from the operator ▪ Automatic measurement of distance from the drill tip to the material. No measurement by operator needed ▪ Automatic tool cooling on-off control ▪ Chip -breaking drill head motion control with programmable parameters ▪ Automatic program head control ▪ Drill head moves to safe position automatically after drilling is done ▪ Plasma head automatically moves to start of cut position, searches the plate and starts cutting ▪ Plasma head moves automatically to safe position after plasma cutting is done ▲ DRILL HEAD up to 29kW max. drill tool diameter 40mm ▲ PLASMA CUTTING EQUIPMENT Laodeh I Eitjpfx Ackob HYPERTHERM -- on request ▲ INSTALLATION AND TRAINING INCLUDED Approximate installation and training period - 15 days

Condition: new, thread dia. M6 - M36 turning speeds 30 - 150 U/min working area max. 1200 R angle adjustable from - to 0 - 90 Grad Ljdpjxab Elsfx Ackoab voltage 230 V engine output 1200 W weight 65,0 kg - Includes quick-change chuck - for use with taps - for through holes and blind holes - Swivel motor unit for thread cutting - at any desired angle between 0° and 90° - Higher accuracy compared to manual thread cutting - Thread is guaranteed to be right-angled (90°) - High productivity - significant time savings compared to manual thread cutting - Quick-change chuck with integrated slip clutch - Includes swivel arm with large radius - for easy positioning of the tap on the workpiece - Highly economical due to low investment and maintenance costs - For thread cutting in steel, stainless steel, aluminum and non-ferrous metals Scope of delivery - Operation via touchscreen - Digital drilling depth display - Quick-change holder according to DIN - Quick-change chuck - Electric motor - 90° angle adjustment - Mounting flange Special accessories included: - BERNARDO base frame with 2 drawers * milled support surface 900 x 600 mm * including 3 T-slots (16 mm) * large storage space and 2 drawers for storing tools * 4x swivel castors including parking brake - Mounts according to DIN 376: * M5-6 / M8 / M10 / M12 / M14 / M16 / M18 / M20 / M22-24 / M27 / M30 / M33 / M36

Condition: new, thread dia. bis M 24 turning speeds U/min thread M5 - M24 working area 2050 Rmax. working range 500 Rmin. work height max. 900 mm table surface area 700 x 900 mm oil volume 100 l engine output 3,0 kW weight - pallet system ca. 300 kg Furnishing: - electro-hydraulic thread cutting machine - large working area (radius max. 2050 mm) * including table clamping disk * Swivel movement is smooth thanks to built-in gas pressure dampers - mobile machine base Lsdpfx Aexab Iaockoab * Oil tank + hydraulic unit integrated in the base frame * hydraulic pressure gauge - continuous speed adjustment - vertical/horizontal thread cutting possible - Lateral sorting of the quick-change inserts possible - Connection cable with 16A plug Special accessories included / quick-change inserts: M05 / M06 / M08 / M10 / M12 / M14 / M16 / M18 / M20 / M22

Condition: new, thread dia. M5 - M24 turning speeds 70 - 200 U/min working area max. 1200 R angle adjustable from - to 0 - 90 Grad voltage 230 V engine output 1200 W weight 65,0 kg - with micro spray system for constant cooling & minimal Cooling lubricant consumption - Includes blow-out device to remove chips, ensuring optimal visibility on the borehole - Includes quick-change chuck for using taps for Through and blind holes - Swivel motor unit for thread cutting at any desired angle between 0° and 90° - Higher accuracy compared to manual thread cutting, thread is guaranteed right angle (90°) - high productivity, significant time savings compared to manual Threading - Quick-change chuck with integrated slip clutch prevents breaking of the tap - Includes large radius swivel arm for easy positioning tap on the workpiece - For thread cutting in steel, stainless steel, aluminum and non-ferrous metals scope of delivery - Operation via touchscreen Lsdexaaybspfx Ackeab - Digital drilling depth display - Micro spray system - Blow-out device - Quick change mount - Quick-change chuck according to DIN - Electric motor - 90° angle adjustment - Mounting flange Special accessories included: - BERNARDO base frame 900 x 600 mm (Art. No.: Mounts: DIN 376: M5-6 / M8 / M10 / M12 / M14 / M16 / M18 / M20 / M22-24

Condition: new, thread dia. 20 M turning speeds 400 U/min thread M 4 - M 20 M working area 1900 Rmax. working range 200 Rmin. Description: The AT models have a radius of up to 1900 mm and their construction a flexible workspace. For professional use. Easy to mount on a worktop. Furnishing: Lasdpfx Aoxaaa Iecksb - including 7 thread cutting inserts • M3 20111812 DIN 371 19 • M6 20111823 DIN 371 31 • M8 20111824 DIN 371 31 • M10 20111826 DIN 371 31 • M12 20111827 DIN 376 31 • M16 20111829 DIN 376 31 • M20 20111831 DIN 376 31 - Control valve with lubrication - Including air motor - Adapter connection size 2 - The cutting head can be pivoted vertically downwards by 90 ° - The cutting head is pivoted and rotatable through 360 ° - Operating instructions in German * without the perforated table as per Fig.

Year of construction: 2010, condition: ready for operation (used), A CO2 laser cutting and marking machine Eurolaser, which was used for acrylic glass, is available. Laser power: 200W, working dimensions X/Y: 2270mm/1600mm, max. cutting width: 2200mm, material feed width: 2350mm, table feed-through height range: 58mm-80mm, engraving resolution: 1200dpi, grayscale levels: 256, material processing: films/textiles/plastics/composite materials/paper/thin wood. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 4000mm/2350mm/1600mm, weight: approx. 2000kg. The laser source was renewed in 2021. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Lodpfx Aoyviyreckoab

Condition: good (used), Thread cutting machine, pipe thread cutter Laodpfsb A Iyasx Ackjb -for: Pipe size max. 2 inches -Cutting jaws: 1" inch -Drive: via 3 gearboxes -Dimensions: 550/360/H240 mm -Weight: 55 kg

Year of construction: 2008, condition: ready for operation (used), A Bystronic CNC laser cutting system is available. Travel X/Y/Z: 4020mm/2020mm/170mm, max. sheet weight: 1500kg, positioning speed: 60m/min, simultaneous speed: 80m/min, positioning accuracy: +/-0.1mm, repeat accuracy: +/-0.05mm, laser: CO2, laser source: ByLaser 4400, laser power: 4400W, overall system dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 8000mm/15000mm/2.5mm, cutting time: 17469h, power on: 35200h. Including two spare cutting heads 7.5in and 5in as well as various spare parts. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Expected to be available from June 2026. Ledsyu T D Rspfx Ackoab

Condition: excellent (used), thread dia. 36 mm Lajdpoyhq S Eefx Acksb

Condition: not inspected (used), Year of construction: 2005, functionality: unexamined, working width: 3,500 mm, working length: 8,000 mm, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Working length: 8,000 mm Laedpfx Aeyv Awkockjb Working width: 3,500 mm MACHINE DETAILS Power: 300 A Plasma source: Nertajet EQUIPMENT 1 torch head 1 plasma head 1 oxy-fuel head

Condition: used, Thread cutting machine LORCH, SCHMIDT & Co Centre height: 200 mm Centre distance: 400 mm Spindle speed: 56 rpm Chuck diameter: 160 mm Tailstock quill travel: 45 mm Tailstock taper: MK2 Motor power: 0.25 HP Power supply: 380 Volt, 50 Hz - Right- and left-hand rotation - 3-jaw chuck - Spindle drive via geared motor - Without through spindle bore - Tailstock with lever quill - Drill chuck MAS 1 to 16 mm Required space (L x W x H): 1200 x 500 x 420 mm Weight: 80 kg Lsdpfx Ajxf Uwxjcksab Good condition

Year of construction: 2000, condition: excellent (used), Thread cutting machine make ROTHENBERGER Lodpfxomn Thhj Ackjab TYPE:3S-G year of construction ca.2000 Without cutting head with pipe cutter and end burr device. Runs with V230 current. In top condition, like new.

Condition: good (used), Thread cutting machine, pipe thread cutter -Manufacturer: Rothenberger, Thread cutting machine type Supertronic 2SE without thread cutting head -Pipe size: 1/2 to 2 inches -Spindle bore: Ø 68 mm -Operating voltage: 230 volts -Speed: 40 rpm Lasdpsx I Agpjfx Ackjb -Foot switch: with emergency stop function -Equipment: Pipe cutter, internal deburrer -Dimensions: 500/480/H370 mm -Weight: 46.6 kg

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1983, TOYOSK 01CC-T 36-spindle Thread cutting machine with fixed spindle and Manufacturer: TOYOSK Type: 01CC-T Year of manufacture: 1983 Number of spindles: 36 Three-speed gearbox: 520rpm, 850rpm, 1330rpm Lajdowh Sh Nspfx Ackob Application: Simultaneous drilling of multiple holes in precise, mass production tasks (e.g. automotive parts, sheet metal, castings)