Used Locher Broaching Machine - Horizontal Under Power for sale (82,961)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, spindle speed (max.): 800 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 4 rpm, table length: 1,800 mm, table width: 1,600 mm, table load: 10,000 kg, total height: 3,800 mm, total length: 7,030 mm, total width: 4,665 mm, spindle diameter: 130 mm, spindle motor power: 15,000 W, MTP TPX6113-2 HORIZONTAL BORING MACHINE Horizontal Boring Machine TPX6113/2 – Precision and Power for Heavy Machining The TPX6113/2 horizontal boring machine is a robust and efficient solution designed for precise machining of large and heavy workpieces. Thanks to its rigid construction and high technical performance, it is ideally suited for use in the mechanical, energy, and steel structure industries. The machine is equipped with a Ø130 mm spindle, ensuring high stability and enabling demanding machining operations. A powerful 15 kW main motor and high torque guarantee efficient performance even under heavy loads. The large worktable (1800 × 1600 mm) with a maximum load capacity of 10,000 kg allows machining of heavy components without compromise. The full table rotation (B axis – 360°) increases flexibility and enables multi-side machining without repositioning the workpiece. Technical Specifications: Spindle diameter: Ø130 mm Max spindle torque: 3136 Nm Max spindle feed force: 31,360 N Number of spindle speeds: 24 Spindle speed range: 4–800 rpm Main motor power: 15 kW Max facing head torque: 4900 Nm Facing head diameter: 750 mm Facing head speed range: 2.5–125 rpm Number of facing head speeds: 18 Table size: 1800 × 1600 mm Max table load: 10,000 kg T-slots: 28 mm × 10 Axis travels (X/Y/Z/W/U): 2000 / 1800 / 2000 / 900 / 250 mm Pgjdpfx Akjy Eyg Uofok Table rotation (B axis): 360° Rapid feed (X/Y/Z/W): 2500 mm/min Feed per spindle revolution (X/Y/Z/U): 0.05–8 / 0.01–2 mm/rev Measurement system accuracy (X/Y/Z): 0.005 mm (Z optional) Measurement system accuracy (B axis): 0.001 mm (optional) Dimensions: 7030 × 4665 × 3800 mm Machine weight: 29,300 kg

Year of construction: 1994, condition: good (used), In good technical condition Year of manufacture: 1994 Travel of the column on the bed (X-axis): 9,000 mm Travel of the spindle head (Y-axis): 5,000 mm Quill travel (Z-axis): 1,600 mm Spindle stroke (W-axis): 1,250 mm Pjdey Hgvlspfx Akfjgk Spindle + W and Z axes – 2,850 mm Boring spindle diameter: 225 mm Taper in spindle: ISO 60 Spindle cross-section: 520 x 520 mm Main motor power: 90 kW

Year of construction: 2007, condition: good (used), For Sale: Neat Ibonhart horizontal bag loader Brand: Ibonhart Model: APH6 Year: 2007 - With automatic bag table system - Infeed and outfeed conveyors included - Adjustable distances set mechanically - Robust and reliable machine - Manual and documentation present - Central oil lubrication Pgedjy Egyzspfx Akfok Maximum product dimensions: Length: 50 cm Width: 20 cm Height: 14 cm Capacity: 50 pieces per minute Machine inspection on location is possible. Price: €19,000 EXW Includes proper loading and packaging. Transport negotiable Subject to type and typographical errors.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, operating hours: 50 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: HorizOne50_3, overall weight: 1,500 kg, tool height: 300 mm, operating speed: 10 mm/s, total length: 1,850 mm, total height: 1,250 mm, total width: 850 mm, reverse speed: 40 mm/s, working height: 1,000 mm, table width: 1,000 mm, table length: 1,000 mm, table height: 1,000 mm, stroke length: 250 mm, pressing force: 50 t, length stop: 1,000 mm, working width: 300 mm, lifting speed: 10 mm/s, bending force (max.): 50 t, warranty duration: 36 months, Electric horizontal bending machine HorizOne 50 with spindle drive from CoastOne in Finland. Psdpfx Ajy A Nnijkfjgk 500kN pressing force thanks to precise and low-maintenance spindle drive with servo motor and servo controller. Simple, intuitive programming with the proven CoastOne TC12-2D control system. Automatically controlled side stop for convenient processing of your sheet metal parts from individual part production to series production.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1969, max. wheel diameter 160,175 mm Pedpfx Aevzhf Sokfogk gear width 355 mm max. module 4,5 spindle bore 75 mm centre distance 410 mm min. number of teeth 2, 3 cutter diameter max. 115 mm cutter length max. 105 mm axis distance between cutter and workpiece - max. 138 mm axis distance between cutter and workpiece - min. 30 mm milling head -swivable 120 ° milling spindle speeds 70 - 400 U/min axial-feeds 0,25 - 4,0 mm/U radial feeds 0,09 - 1,5 mm/U total power requirement ca. 9,5 kW weight of the machine ca. 3,5 t dimensions of the machine ca. 1730x1400x1440 mm Equipment/accessories: - Interchangeable wheels - Milling arbors - Clamping devices - Documentation

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 50953, CNC horizontal machining center with accessories Pgsdpfjyxmdaox Akfok

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, Technical details: x-travel: 1100 mm Psdpfx Akoxp Hgtofsgk y-travel: 900 mm z-travel: 1250 mm b-axis: 360 000 x 0,001 ° milling head speed: 1 - 10000 U/min spindle taper: ISO: 50 rapid traverse: 60 m/min pallet size:: 630 x 630 total power requirement: 37 kW weight of the machine ca.: 25 t with CNC control SIEMENS 840 D autom. toolchanger 165 pockets twin pallets 630 x 630 mm max. pallet load 1500 kg through spindle coolant chip conveyor and coolant attachment make KNOLL *

Condition: new, pressure 28 t piston stroke 180 mm diameter of piston 130 mm table-size 300 x 550 mm Podpfxoqzmgqe Akfegk working feed 2 - 9,8 mm/sek return speed 20 mm/sec Max. pressure 200 bar bending capacity - flat iron 200 x 10 mm weight of the machine ca. 800 kg dimensions ca. 1150 x 1103 x 750 mm The horizontal hydraulic press (28 ton) can be used for many different metal working jobs. The press has a piston stroke of 192 mm and can be equipped with all kinds of tooling for specific bending or straightening jobs. We supply a standard toolingset with this press including a stampholder and backgauge. However, we also produce custom-made tooling for your specific request. Thanks to the NC-control you can easily set the cylinder stroke and save up to 100 working cycles. With this horizontal hydraulic press you are able to bend, straighten, notch, cut and form. A universal hydraulic press that serves all your needs in cold metal working processes.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, machine/vehicle number: 1160821, BA 600-2 CNC, Horizontal Milling and Drilling Center SW Schwäbische Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH Machine No.: 166 0821 Year of manufacture: 2008 Used, ready for operation Travel axes: X-axis 600 mm Y-axis (alternate position) 600 (975) mm Z-axis 500 mm Control: Siemens 840D control, side-mounted Feed / rapid traverse speed: X, Y, Z 1 – 45,000 mm/min Max. feed force X, Y, Z 15,000 N Average acceleration: X, Y, Z 2.5 m/s² Measuring system: Absolute linear measuring system X, Y, Z Spindles: Spindle speed (stepless) 20-10,000 rpm Torque 2 x 363 Nm (S6/40%ED) Power 2 x 38 kW (S6/40%ED) HSK-A 100, horizontally arranged side by side Spindle center distance 600 mm Spindle bearing diameter 100 mm Motor spindles, liquid-cooled, AC technology Working area: Swing-arm carrier with straight-toothed gearing, max. workpiece weight 2,000 kg Swivel time 0/180 degrees approx. 6.0 sec Partition wall between machining and loading area Tool magazine: 2 x 40 tool HSK-A 100 chain magazines, position-coded Automatic pickup Tool change time (chip-to-chip): 4.9 sec Max. tool diameter 100 mm 250 mm if adjacent pocket is empty Max. tool length 350 mm Max. tool weight 20 kg Equipment: Central lubrication Minimum quantity oil lubrication (spindle lubrication) Chip conveyor Connection for central coolant system Hydraulic system Service unit Water recooler Fully enclosed; crane loading possible Dimensions with paper band filter: approx. 5.15 x 8.50 x 4.20 m Weight approx. 20,000 kg Pgodpfx Akoy Ah Rcsfjk Dimensions without paper band filter: approx. 5.15 x 6.60 x 4.20 m Other details: - Condition appropriate for its age - Annual maintenance was regularly performed by the previous owner --- Machine is sold without clamping devices --- --- without foundation parts --- Immediately available, timing by arrangement EXW 72793 Pfullingen Dismantled into main components Transport to site by the customer/buyer! Dimensions/transport dimensions of main machine components: 1 pc. machine unit (X, Y, Z) mm 3800 x 3350 x 3400 approx. 13,000 kg 1 pc. table unit mm 4400 x 2400 x 3400 approx. 10,000 kg Additionally, peripheral equipment such as chip conveyor, small parts, sheet metal, etc. Short delivery time possible! Schedule by arrangement.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 17,395 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: NV501EH3106, travel distance X-axis: 1,020 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 510 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 20,000 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 20,000 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 20,000 m/min, nominal power (apparent): 18 kVA, controller model: MSX501, total length: 2,710 mm, total width: 2,788 mm, table width: 1,320 mm, table length: 600 mm, rotational speed (min.): 20,000 rpm, rotational speed (max.): 20,000 rpm, overall weight: 8,060 kg, spindle speed (min.): 20,000 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 20,000 rpm, number of spindles: 1, number of slots in tool magazine: 30, input voltage: 380 V, Equipment: documentation/manual, The machine has been regularly serviced, well-maintained, and is in excellent condition. It is connected to the power supply and ready for operation. Equipped with a 30-tool magazine. Pgjdpfx Aoy E Nvrekfok

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, Description: The machine is in good technical condition, with testing possible by prior arrangement. Control system: OKUMA OSP-P200MA. Power consumption: 58 kVA. Travel distance in X-axis: 1000 mm, Y-axis: 900 mm, Z-axis: 1000 mm. Description: 4 axes. Weight: 26 t. Footprint: 3.3 x 6.5 m. Tool magazine capacity: 100. Tool clamping system: BT50. Machine parameters: Travels in X, Y, Z axes: 1000 x 900 x 1000 mm. Psdpfx Akey Ehaiofsgk

Condition: refurbished (used), functionality: fully functional, -KOM 3180- Podjy H Hydepfx Akfjgk Offered here is a fully overhauled motor spindle, type HSK-A-100, from Starrag Heckert AG. The spindle underwent comprehensive maintenance and testing in 2013 (test reports can be provided upon request). During inspection, no anomalies outside the tolerance range were identified. Furthermore, components such as seals, operational noise, and air circulation were thoroughly examined. The spindle is packed in a wooden crate and is ready for transport. The original purchase price of this spindle was approximately €80,000. Technical specifications: Manufacturer: Starrag Heckert Type: HSK-A-100 Spindle type: Motor spindle Material: Metal Max. speed: 15,000 rpm Clamping force: 47 kN (target range: 45–55 kN)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1995, functionality: fully functional, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Mori Seiki MV-40B/40 Machining center is immediately available and inspection under power is possible; the condition is very good. Pgsdpfxsy Hrape Akfjk We also offer on-site commissioning. - 4 axes - Niken CNC-200 FA rotary table - multiple SK 40 tool holders - spindle internal cooling (IKZ) - Knoll system - extraction unit - FANUC 16M control

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, functionality: fully functional, Technical details grinding length 600 mm grinding width 400 mm workpiece height 400 mm weight of the machine ca. 4,5 t Pjdpfoy Avbiex Akfsgk dimensions of the machine ca. 3592 x 3519 x 2203 mm Additional information Horizontal surface grinder in almost new condition Operating hours: CNC on: 1198 hours Machine on: 1117 hours Automatic operation: 509 hours Grinding operation: 228 hours Okamoto Touch Screen Control Travel X-axis: 600 mm Travel Y-axis: 22.5 – 497 mm Travel Z-axis: 400 mm Speed range rpm: 1-2800 (stepless) Rapid traverse mm/min: 4000 Main drive kW: 7.5 Maximum table load in kg: 1000 Accessories: - Electro-permanent magnetic clamping plate: 400 x 600 P13 mm, height 80 mm (make Wagner) - 2 grinding wheel flanges - Table dresser - Automatic straight dresser, spindle box mounted - Automatic compensation of the wheel dressing amount - Automatic central lubrication - Ball screw in the Y and Z axes with AC servo motor and measuring system - Coolant system with belt filter system

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2013, operating hours: 37,297 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 3,400 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,300 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,000 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 40 m/min, controller manufacturer: Siemens, controller model: 840D sl, table width: 1,500 mm, table height: 30 mm, table length: 2,000 mm, table load: 2,000 kg, spindle speed (max.): 18,000 rpm, operating hours of spindle: 12,486 h, spindle motor power: 24 W, number of slots in tool magazine: 21, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, For sale is an EiMa CNC-controlled 5-axis machining center, type Sigma M, with a fixed portal and moving table, designed for the precise machining of aluminum and finishing of steel. The machine is engineered for high accuracy, rigidity, and large travel paths, making it ideal for demanding milling, drilling, and sawing operations in metal and aluminum profile applications. Year of manufacture: 2013 Power-on hours: approx. 37,297 h (as of November 2025) Spindle running time: approx. 12,486 h total (as of November 2025) AXIS TRAVEL & DYNAMICS: - X 3,400 mm · Y 2,300 mm · Z 1,000 mm - Feed rate: X/Y 60 m/min, Z 40 m/min STRUCTURE & TABLE: - Sturdy steel construction, precision linear guides, servo drives, automatic central lubrication - Moving table 2,000 × 1,500 mm, 30 mm thick, threaded grid 100 × 100 mm - Max. load capacity 2,000 kg SPINDLE & TOOL CHANGER: - 24 kW HSK 63 A spindle up to 18,000 rpm, water-cooled - Disc-type tool changer with 20 positions + 1 pick-up position (for tools up to Ø 500 mm) Pgsdpfx Aox H Ib Njkfjk 5-AXIS HEAD: - C3 fork head, swiveling ranges approx. C ±200°, A ±120°, high positioning accuracy MEASURING SYSTEMS: - m&h wireless probe (workpiece measurement) - BLUM laser (tool measurement) EQUIPMENT: - MMS system (internal & external lubrication) - Fully enclosed cabin, separate tool change chamber - Mist extraction system with electrostatic separator (approx. 1,900 m³/h) already integrated CONTROL: - Siemens 840D sl, 5-axis package, Advanced Surface, TCP - 15" control panel, remote maintenance prepared ACCURACY: - Repeatability approx. ±0.012 mm SPECIAL FEATURES: - Connected to power – demonstration possible at any time - Direct from production – no dealer sale - Complete technical documentation available - Support with dismantling, loading, and transport possible (at extra cost) HIGHLIGHT: - New spare spindle from Omlat included (approx. €25,000 value) NOTE: - Collection possible from January/February onwards All information has been provided to the best of our knowledge and belief. Subject to change, errors, and prior sale.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 43,000 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 19978, travel distance X-axis: 660 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 660 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 660 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 60 m/min, controller manufacturer: Fanuc, controller model: 30i, workpiece height (max.): 850 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 700 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 400 kg, operating hours of spindle: 7,000 h, spindle mount: MK 4, number of spindles: 1, This machine is an excellent production machine. For several reasons, we have to part with this machine earlier than planned, as we need to install a 5-axis machine in its place. Otherwise, we would certainly continue using it for many more years. Pgedoywgglepfx Akfek

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 730 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 730 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 830 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 60 m/min, workpiece height (max.): 1,000 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 500 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 500 kg, 📄 Product Description The Tongtai SH-5000P is a high-speed, high-rigidity horizontal machining center designed for efficient machining of aluminum and light metal workpieces. It features a compact structure, three-point support bed, high rapid traverse speed, and optional APC (Automatic Pallet Changer). The built-in spindle provides high speed and precision, ideal for automotive and general manufacturing industries. ⚙️ Technical Parameters Strokes on X/Y/Z: 730/730/830mm B axis rotary table: 0,001º indexing table Rapid traverse on X/Y/Z: 60/60/60 m/min Acceleration (X/Y/Z): 9.8 m/s Spindle Speed: 15,000 rpm. Tool Capacity: 60 pieces (upgraded from standard 40). Chip-to-Chip Time: 3.6 s (at 1,800 rpm). Pallet Dimensions: 500 x 500 mm. Max. Workpiece Height: 1,000 mm. Max. Rotation Diameter: 500 mm. Max. Table Load: 500 kg. Pgsdpfexnizdsx Akfok Automatic Pallet Changer (APC): Included, with a 7 s changeover time. Machine size (Width x Depth x Height): 5,840 x 2,290 x 2,892 mm Machine weight: 12,400 kg. CNC Control: Siemens Sinumerik 840 D with 15" Display and Shopmill interface Internal Cooling: CTS (Coolant Through Spindle) at 70 Bar. Peripheral Equipment: Includes a Disc-type Oil Skimmer and an Oil Mist Collector. Energy Efficiency: Equipped with energy-efficient drives. Price is EXW (Stock Europe), Include loaded on truck. Transport, installation, commissioning, training, and yearly service contracts are available upon request for an additional fee. Installation and training is always done by our high qualified Service team in 3 locations in Europe. Netherlands, Germany, Romania.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1993, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 8,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 700 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 10 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 10 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 10 m/min, feed rate X-axis: 5 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 5 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 5 m/min, torque: 1,330 Nm, controller manufacturer: Siemens, controller model: Siemens 840D, total height: 5,800 mm, total length: 14,000 mm, total width: 4,000 mm, table width: 2,000 mm, table height: 250 mm, table length: 2,000 mm, table load: 20,000 kg, rotational speed (min.): 2 rpm, rotational speed (max.): 2,500 rpm, overall weight: 40,000 kg, spindle speed (min.): 2 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 2,500 rpm, spindle motor power: 36,000 W, number of slots in tool magazine: 60, input voltage: 380 V, type of input current: AC, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, The Lazzati HB130 is a heavy-duty CNC horizontal boring and milling machine from the Italian manufacturer Lazzati. Machines of this series are primarily used in large-scale machinery construction, turbine production, energy plant engineering, as well as in tool and mold making. This machine is designed for machining large and heavy workpieces, allowing for precise drilling, milling, and tapping operations on massive steel or cast components. It features a particularly robust construction with hydrostatic guides, ensuring high rigidity and accuracy during heavy-duty machining tasks. Spindle taper DIN69871 ISO 50 Milling spindle taper ISO 60 Psdpoytrm Iefx Akfjgk The listed price is exclusive of dismantling, packaging, and shipping. Sale ex location; subject to prior sale. Machines are sold as used; any warranty or guarantee is excluded.

Condition: excellent (used), honing diameter 1,5 - 165 mm stroke 80 - 160 mm Psdpfx Ajwva Rnskfegk spindle turning speed range 200 - 2500 U/min stroke speed - under load 80 - 310 Hub/min total power requirement 0,9 kW weight of the machine ca. 0,6 t dimensions of the machine ca. 1,2 x 1,0 x 1,6 m

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1992, max. wheel diameter 130 mm gear width 400 mm max. module 3 min. module 0,5 Control Bosch CC 220 milling spindle speeds (infinitely variable) 300 - 1200 U/min clamping length max. 1160 mm swivel angle for work spindle +/- 45 ° x-travel 230 mm y-travel 170 mm z-travel 400 mm spindle speeds 1 - 125 mm total power requirement 52 kW weight of the machine ca. 7,5 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4,8 x 3,8 x 2,5 m Pgjdpfxsyb S R Ae Akfek Machine in very nice condition!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2005, x-travel 630 mm y-travel 600 mm z-travel 670 mm Control MSX 501 spindle turning speed - stepless 14000 U/min Pgsdpfx Aoygx D Tskfek tool taper BT 40 pallet chang. with pallet turn. 360x1 degree 2 max. workpiece weight 500 kg tool change unit 60 fach table-size 500 x 500 mm total power requirement 56 kW weight of the machine ca. 11,8 t dimensions of the machine ca. 5,8 x 3,6 x 3,0 m

Condition: excellent (used), grinding length 600 mm grinding width 300 mm workpiece height 350 mm magnetic clamping plate, electical 500 x 200 mm grinding wheel diameter 225 x 25 x 51 mm total power requirement 4 kW Podpfx Akeyyqt Iefogk weight of the machine ca. 2,1 t dimensions of the machine ca. 1,5x1,5x1,8 m

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1986, grinding length 800 mm grinding width 375 mm workpiece height 375 mm magnetic clamping plate, electical 900 x 300 mm spindle turning speed range 1500 - 3000 U/min table surface area 1550 x 370 mm table longitudinal travel 100 - 1000 mm max. workpiece weight 350 kg dimensions of grinding wheel 300 x 50 mm total power requirement 9 kW Pgedpeunt Iuofx Akfjk weight of the machine ca. 4,6 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4,0 x 2,3 x 2,6 m

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, pulling force - max. 9 t max. ram stroke 2000 mm max. workpiece diameter 900 mm total power requirement 25 kW weight of the machine ca. 4,2 t Pedpfeycxlcjx Akfogk

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, operating hours: 6,333 h, 2019 Okuma MA600HII CNC Horizontal Twin Pallet Mill/Turn Machining Centre with OKUMA OSP P300M CNC Control Axis Travel 'X'=1,000mm, 'Y'=900mm, 'Z''=1,000mm. Pallet Dimension 630 x 630mm. Maximum Table Load 1,200kg. Maximum Workpiece Dimension Ø1,050 x 1,200mm. Table Indexing 0.001°. Spindle Centre To Pallet Surface 50-950mm. Spindle Nose To Pallet Centre 70-1,070mm. Maximum Spindle Speed 12,000rpm (37kW Motor). Rapid Traverse 'X'=60m/min, 'Y'=60m/min, 'Z'=60m/min. Cutting Feed 1-60,000mm/min. Tool Magazine 171 Positions. S/No. 224574 (2019). Psdpfx Akey Am Iaofegk Included Accessories On Table Tool Presetting, Renishaw Measuring System, Turning Function (Mill/Turn Capability), Dual Auger To Chip Conveyor & Coolant System. Running Hours 6,333. Overall Dimensions W3,335 x D7,068 x H3,174mm. Weight 25,000kg.