Used Ulma Packaging Machine for sale (70,511)

Year of construction: 2010, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, The MECA S4000 traysealer is an automatic packaging machine designed to ensure hermetic tray closure. Thanks to its high-performance sealing system, it effectively protects food products from air, moisture, and contaminants, while extending their shelf life. Indeed, this machine helps maintain food freshness and quality, making it an ideal choice for companies looking to improve their packaging processes. Furthermore, the MECA S4000 traysealer is designed for easy integration into various production lines. Furthermore, its versatility and quick tool changeover allow it to adapt to several tray formats, thus optimizing productivity. Furthermore, its ergonomic design and ease of use make it accessible to everyone, even less experienced operators. With easy maintenance and complete cleanability, this machine ensures high hygiene standards. In summary, the MECA S4000 is a robust and efficient solution for companies looking to improve their packaging processes while ensuring optimal product preservation. Technical specifications: Manufacturer: MECAPLASTIC Type: S4000 Year of manufacture: 2010 Speed (cycles/min): up to 6 Automatic Isdpfx Amou Nv Nrsyeib Used machine. Pros: Sealing machine, easy to use. Quick tool change. Ergonomic operation. Complete cleanability. p3dpF1Eu

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, The Redpack Triangle Sandwich Tray Sealer is a major asset for food companies looking to optimize the packaging of fresh and ready-to-eat products. This machine is specially designed to wrap triangle sandwiches quickly and hygienically, ensuring a protected and aesthetically pleasing final product. Thanks to its robust stainless steel design, the Redpack ensures optimal durability and strength, even in the most intensive production environments. Its intuitive operation and user-friendly control system make it easy for operators to learn. Furthermore, this tray sealer is equipped with advanced technologies that allow precise adjustment of sealing pressure and temperature. Thus, it easily adapts to the requirements of delicate products or those requiring increased protection. With increased productivity and high production rates, the Redpack helps maintain a continuous flow without compromising packaging quality. Iisdpfou Ic N Nex Amyeb Furthermore, it guarantees simplified maintenance thanks to easily accessible components and quick cleaning. This traysealer is therefore the ideal solution for industries looking to combine efficiency and quality in the packaging of sensitive products such as sandwiches. Technical specifications: Production capacity: up to 1,500 units/hour Material: stainless steel Packaging dimensions: standard triangular format Temperature adjustment: precise sealing control User interface: intuitive control screen aoAc+kWI

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 20170259471, total length: 22,000 mm, total height: 2,000 mm, total width: 2,000 mm, control cabinet length: 2,400 mm, control cabinet width: 400 mm, warranty duration: 12 months, control cabinet height: 2,200 mm, year of last overhaul: 2025, Side Sealing Machine - Manufacturer: BVM Brunner GmbH & Co. KG - Machine type: Comtex 4G - Machine No.: 20170259471 - Year of manufacture: 2017 - BVM reference no.: 5947 - Voltage, Frequency: 3N 400V, 50Hz - Power specifications: P=18kW, I=26A, F=32AT Iodpfxow Ryt De Amyjib - Condition: Fully refurbished with warranty Comtex 4G Shipping System: The BVM shipping system ‘Comtex 4G Shipping’ is the complete solution for mailing various items directly to customers, including labeling. Delivery notes, invoices, and goods are packed together in a tightly sealed PE film bag, labeled with the address sticker, and handed directly over to the respective logistics partner. Technical data: - Seal width: 750 mm (transverse), 800 mm (longitudinal) - Product height: up to 250 mm - Capacity: Up to 25 cycles/min* (Special) features: - Special color - Signal control light with three colors to indicate error messages - Pneumatically operated buffer plate and presence control for the film waste tray, enabling tray change during automatic operation (no machine stoppage required). Note: At this station, the Comtex working height is limited to 850 +/- 10 mm. - Electronically controlled sealing bar drive (servo-driven, stepless speed adjustment) - Film end detection by ultrasonic sensor, incl. analog input card (one per film carrier) - Mechanical distribution device for film scrap strips in combination with a large film scrap storage - Individual wire numbering in the control cabinet of the packaging machine for Comtex 3G and 4G - Grooved aluminum profile covered with plastic profile - Bypass conveyor as folding belt integrated in the Comtex downstream of the side sealing station for transferring products out of the machine - Film folding device (no separate control) for converting flat film into center-folded film - Film sealing device for flat films - PN/PN coupler (Profinet coupler) for establishing a Profinet connection - Software development for PN/PN coupling including release connection, interlock and combined fault message - Film end detection at the film mount and film level detection at the film unwinder, detected by photoelectric sensors, including three-color signal lamp and acoustic signal - Mounting preparation for labeler, suitable models on request, installed at the infeed including electrical and pneumatic connections - Sealing bar for producing a wide seal seam with separate cold knife cut, suitable for Comtex 3G, 4G and Compacta with EGS - Manual labeling device with linear motion (Model: Caljan Type: FPS BVM L113 L) - Reclosable film bag by means of double-sided adhesive tape in the film bag, incl. tear-off perforation wheel - Additional tear-off perforation wheel, allowing complete removal of the bag’s edge area - Stand-alone control cabinet for Comtex with 5 meter cable - Two sequentially mounted indexing belts (600 x 900 mm/600 x 14,000 mm) for Comtex 4G (total length 14,950 mm) with space for installation of a scanner or camera incl. trigger light curtain for scanner - Height adjustment of cross seal for pass-through height 220-250 mm - Cognex scanner system, consisting of: -- Scanner below the infeed for delivery notes -- 2 overhead scanners -- 1 overhead scanner for control +++ Fully refurbished equipment with 12-month warranty according to our attached warranty conditions +++

Year of construction: 2011, condition: excellent (used), Packer Brand Redpack Model P325D Year of manufacture 2011 Iiodsv Ur Nzopfx Amyob Voltage 380 V Dimensions 5400 x 2000 x 1200 mm Weight 1500 kg

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 400 V, film width: 1,340 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, Skinpack packaging machine, manufactured to special order for maximum working space. Never connected to a production line; not used due to change in product range. Fully operational as shown in the video. Maximum film size: 1340 mm. Maximum working table size: 1300x1300 mm. Total power: 25 kW. Power supply: 3x400V 50 Hz. Weight: 600 kg. Skin-pac skin skinpac Iijdpeyy Rl Dsfx Amysb

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1986, functionality: fully functional, total width: 1,600 mm, total length: 1,800 mm, overall weight: 5,600 kg, TMZ (Gaueh) die-cutting press H-142, manufactured in 1986, size 900x1400 mm, 5 mm hardened die-cutting plate, hydraulic lubrication system – without safety cage Iiedpfjyan I Iex Amysb

Year of construction: 2014, condition: good (used), Used SEALPAC RE25 Thermoforming Packaging Machine (MAP/Vacuum) This SEALPAC RE25 thermoforming machine is a high-quality, industrial-grade packaging system designed for continuous operation in food production environments. Built in the Netherlands, SEALPAC machines are known for their durability, hygiene, and consistent sealing performance. This unit is in good used condition Technical Overview Model: RE25 Power: 3-phase (230/400V, 50–60 Hz) Power consumption: ~17 kW Iisdpfxeyvr Ire Amyob Compressed air: 6–7 bar Gas (MAP): 4–6 bar Film width: approx. 300–650 mm Max forming depth: up to 160 mm Machine length: approx. 8 m. Contact Us Get in touch for: Price Inspection Additional details or videos

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: MZWF001, Equipment: CE marking, Automatic 10 Head Scale Packaging Machine Snack Beans Frozen Food Weigher Packing Machine 1. Automatically complete all the process from feeding, counting, filling and bag making, date printing to finished products outputting. 2. High counting precision and efficiency without crashing material. Iiodpexv Rplsfx Amyob It's suitable for packing fragile bulk products with requirement of high counting precision, such as: puffed food, potato chip, crispy rice, jelly, candy, pistachio, apple slices, dumpling, rice,soybean,chocolate,pet food,small hard ware and medicine, etc.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2009, Omnia 500 FT – Left | 180,000 eggs/hour | Very clean condition Description Very neat MOBA Omnia 500 FT egg grading machine with a capacity of 180,000 eggs per hour. This machine has always been professionally maintained and is in excellent condition. The detection systems are equipped with the latest software versions. The machine will soon be taken out of production and can still be seen working and tested for quick decision makers. Technical specifications Feature Specification Type Omnia 500 FT Year built 2009 Operating hours 29.900 Capacity 180,000 eggs/hour Setup Off-line Configuration Left Iiedpjy A Hn Tofx Amyjb Configuration 18 packaging jobs 16 closers Double roll hygiene rollers Contiflow take away conveyors Normal take away conveyors Box conveyor Contiflow system for robotization Modules / options Crack detector EggInspector UV unit FL Loader 5 x Videojet inkjet State of the machine Very neat machine Always maintained by MOBA Maintenance performed without concessions Latest software versions installed Soon to be out of production Still to be tested (for quick buyers) Fully cleaned Comes with a fully working contiflow system and take aways For automation, only the robots need to be purchased. Delivery Disassembly possible Transport-ready Transportation and installation possible (optional) Details Available very soon Complete and heavy duty Ideal for high capacity processing Disclaimer All information has been prepared to the best of our knowledge, no rights can be derived from it. Sale in current condition, unless otherwise agreed. Please contact Bos Technical Support BV without obligation. Are you interested in this Moba 170 Loader stand-alone or would you like additional information? Please feel free to contact Bos Technical Support BV for availability, price and delivery options. Sorteermachine eier verpakkingsmachine -eiersorteermachine egg gradingmachine sortiermachine sortieranlage eierverpackungsmachine MR 40 palletizer Maxipack, Moba, Sanovo, Staalkat, Prinzen, Rational, Kletec Yaskawa

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, type of input current: three-phase, total length: 1,945 mm, total height: 1,375 mm, total width: 1,206 mm, input voltage: 400 V, overall weight: 600 kg, year of last overhaul: 2026, roll width: 580 mm, air pressure: 6 bar, film width: 580 mm, Equipment: CE marking, Vertical Packaging Machine Ilapak Vegatronic 500 VT500 The machine is in very good condition and ready for operation. - Maximum package width: 270 mm - Minimum package width: 50 mm - Maximum package length: 350 mm - Maximum film width: 580 mm - Sealing jaw width: 300 mm - Sealing jaw type: constant heat - Control: PLC, HMI Omron - Memory: 40 programs Iijdpfoyw Ud Sjx Amyob - Power supply voltage: 400V AC - Output up to 100 pcs/min - Machine dimensions: 1206x1945x1375 mm - Machine weight: 600 kg - Possible integration with weigher, printer

Condition: used, Screw packer for bags and cartons, weighing from 5 to 30 kg. Capacity ranges from 3300 kg (carton) to 5200 kg (bag) per hour. Used machine. Iodpfxsx Nhd Ae Amysib

Year of construction: 2014, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, 2014 MODEL THEEGARTEN-PACTEC BRAND, U1-D-CW TYPE GUM CRUSHING, FOLDING PACKAGING MACHINE. With panel and other auxiliary units. There are 2 labels on the machine. It is configured for 30.6x12.1x3.9mm single size and the maximum output speed is 2000ad/min; The machine is brand new, not operated and disassembled. Ijdpjunkw Tefx Amysib

Year of construction: 2016, condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, 2016 Tenchi TP-800 Horizontal Folding Packaging Machine. Complete with conveyor, transformer, and auxiliary equipment. The equipment is brand new and has never been used. Supplied disassembled. Iodpeuz Ur Aefx Amyjib

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, total height: 2,050 mm, total width: 1,930 mm, total length: 2,600 mm, type of input current: DC, overall weight: 1,050 kg, power of the servo motor: 3,500 W, film width: 500 mm, input voltage: 230 V, product height (min.): 10 mm, product height (max.): 250 mm, product width (max.): 450 mm, product length (min.): 100 mm, product width (min.): 10 mm, product length (max.): 650 mm, air demand: 0.5 m³/h, Equipment: compressor, Packer Plus P400 Parcel Packing Machine, manufactured in 2025, is designed for automatic packing of parcels into plastic mailers, simultaneous sealing, and application of address labels. The machine is ideally suited for logistics centers, online stores, and dispatch warehouses. Model: Packer Plus P400 Year of manufacture: 2025 Throughput: approx. 600 parcels/hour Packing method: plastic film + heat sealing Automatic address label application Condition: Very good / like new Included in the scope of delivery: - Computer with monitor Iedoyx Ebqepfx Amyjib - Compressor required for machine operation The machine is ready for immediate use, significantly speeds up the packing process, and reduces manual handling costs. Integrated functions performed by the machine: - Scanning - Packing - Label printing - Label application Supported product dimensions: Length: 100–650 mm Width: 10–450 mm Height: 10–250 mm Maximum speed: up to 1,200 parcels per hour Typical working speed: 700–850 parcels per hour Label dimensions: Length: 60–180 mm Width: 70–100 mm Printer: Zebra ZE500 industrial printer, supporting both direct thermal and thermal transfer printing. Components: PLC controller: Siemens Sensors: Omron Safety components: Schneider, Sick, Eaton Integrated computer system for machine operation Communication interfaces: Ethernet, USB, RS232 Power supply: 230 V Power consumption: 3,500 W Working pressure: 0.8–1.0 MPa Air consumption: 0.5 m³/min Overall dimensions: 2,600 × 1,930 × 2,050 mm Weight: 1,050 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1989, operating hours: 38,907 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 256, type of input current: three-phase, For sale: ILLIG HSA 50 RD blister machine, manufactured in 1989. This is a high-performance through-feed blister sealing machine with a carton feeder, film thickness: 150µm-600µm. The line is sold including a thermoforming station (currently disconnected as we have not used it). Speed: 5-18 cycles/min. For reference, lipstick blistering output is approximately 16,000 packs/8 hours. Dimensions (without forming station): 465x115 cm + 68 cm unloading station (currently dismantled). Maximum sealing area per tray: 50x30 cm. Maximum tray size: 57x35 cm. The machine is 100% fully operational and in continuous production. Inspection prior to purchase possible. POLAND. Iisdpfxsywhxce Amyjb

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, type of input current: three-phase, total height: 3,100 mm, total width: 7,400 mm, total length: 11,000 mm, overall weight: 13,000 kg, compressed air connection: 8 bar, warranty duration: 12 months, working width: 2,400 mm, infeed height: 1,700 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, BOXmaker ULTRA - PVF CAPACITY: up to 1600 boxes per hour PULLER SPEED: up to 3m/s MACHINE DIMENSIONS: 7400mm x 11000mm x 3100mm INSTALLED POWER: 16.5 kW CARDBOARD TYPE: single, double, and triple wall up to 14mm and 1400GSM MAXIMUM BOARD SIZE: 2400mm x 3000mm, stack height 1100mm MINIMUM BOARD SIZE: 800mm width x 1000mm length WIDTH OF SLOT: 8mm PVF (platform vacuum feeder) - 3m or 6m Modular – can be added to BOXmaker ULTRA at later date Vacuum fingers - ejectors, mini vacuum producers Platform capacity 1400kg of active load Slight correction of position of the cardboard sheet PVS (platform vacuum stacker) - 3m or 6m optional module, can be added in later date. Handholder tool x 1 - The unit is positioned automatically and the distribution of cuts is also setup digitally via control unit. The total force the die cut can exert is 5200 Newton. Creasing Wheels (longitudinal creasing) x 4 - The machine has four creasing wheels and it is possible to use only the selected wheels, i.e. not crease the full length of the cardboard. Slotting Knife tool x 2 - The knives are made of high density steel alloy which allows processing 1400 GSM, and they are positioned automatically. The transversal creasing tool is integrated in the knife sub-frame. The knives are segmented and can be positioned independently from one another. Cross cutting tool x 1 - The module is also utilized for production of pallet boxes with loading flap. The unit can produce transversal cuts anywhere on the sheet, which enables it to create box locking mechanisms, loading flaps and windows on the box. In combination with longitudinal cutting knives, square and rectangular shapes can be cut out in the sheet, effectively replacing die cutting for those forms. Circular blades (longitudinal cutting) x 6 - This unit can perform work selectively and anywhere along the length of the corrugated sheet. The unit is utilized when producing FEFCO 0204, FEFCO 0403, glue flap or material reformatting. Also, in combination with cross cut, windows and similar square/rectangular shapes can be cut. Printing unit x 1 - The printing unit is capable of outputting single color prints of up to 1000mm of width and 870mm in length, making it the perfect choice for standard transportation box markings. The imprint can be placed anywhere on the box, including creased areas - positioned automatically. Iodpfx Amsd Rzqaoyeib Gluing unit x 1 - The unit is servo powered and moves at speeds up to 1m/s. The glue can be dispersed in lines or in beaded patterns anywhere along the corrugated cardboard sheet. This module is powered by NORDSON adhesive systems. Control unit - 21 inch touch sensitive HD widescreen color display with user friendly UI. The unit itself comes with predefined FEFCO standard models. FREE MODE - make custom boxes. 3000 box memory. 12 month warranty, provided training and support for services and parts.

Year of construction: 2012, condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 4052, Horizontal flow pack packaging machine sold with: - Conveyor - Labeling machine - Inkjet printer Very little used, in excellent condition. ALL WRAP RCN270 packaging machine, year 2012 Linear speed: up to 25 m/min Bag width: from 30 to 270 mm Bag length: from 50 mm to unlimited Product height: up to 25 mm Production rate: up to 150 cycles/min per lane Reel diameter: 400 mm (standard) AVERY DENISON labeling machine, type ALX 734LH: Print speed: 50 to 400 mm/s Max print width: 104 mm Ribbon width: 20-140 mm Label output: up to 400 labels Label width: 30 to 134 mm Label length: 25 to 225 mm Core diameter: 38, 76, 102 mm Roll diameter: 300 or 400 mm DOMINO A320i inkjet printer Iedpfsy A Hf Sox Amyoib Conveyor: Conveyor belt width: 100 mm Conveyor belt length: 2000 mm Dimensions: 2000x595 H 1240 mm

Condition: not inspected (used), Year of construction: 2019, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 10387A, input voltage: 400 V, type of input current: AC, Recently acquired through site purchase. Automatic robotic fruit packaging machine Utilizes three Staubli TS60 robotic arms See images for details Buyer to arrange for collection Machine is not currently connected to services Iiodpfoxcndgox Amyeb

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 3081454316, This is a vacuum packaging machine from the manufacturer Komet, model PlusVac 20, tabletop unit. The vacuum machine is in very well-maintained condition. The unit has undergone a thorough inspection in our in-house workshop (motor flushing and new pump oil applied). The following parts have been replaced: counter pressure bar of the sealing beam, air separator, lid gasket, lifting cylinder, overhauled sealing beam, replacement of sealing wires, and renewal of Teflon tape. The device is fully functional. You will receive an invoice with VAT shown separately. This unit is made of stainless steel—robust and reliable. The machine is equipped with a plexiglass lid, electronic control, and vacuum stop button. It features a double-wire sealing bar with a sealing length of 405 mm. The maximum bag size is approx. 400 x 500 mm, and the chamber size is approx. 430 x 505 x 175 mm. Our used equipment service for you: - 6 months warranty on electrical parts, limited to replacement of defective components, excluding installation and removal costs - High-quality branded equipment at fair prices - Professional overhaul/inspection & expert cleaning - Tested & fully functional – or your money back Iiodpfsxpxbpsx Amysb - Flexible options for shipping or self-collection - Competent advice before and after purchase - Provision of user manuals, wiring diagrams & spare parts - DGUV V3 testing Technical Data: W x D x H: approx. 485 x 615 x 400 mm Electrical connection: V: 400 / kW: 1.078 / A: 3.487 / Hz: 50 Weight: approx. 62 kg Machine No.: 3081454316 Chamber size (W x L x H / mm): 430 x 505 x 175 Control: Standard Comfort, optional Perfect Sealing length (mm): 1 x 405 (2 x 405) Sealing bar length (mm): 420 Double sealing Distance x (y) (mm): 455 (400) Sealing bar position: Standard front, optional rear Pump capacity (cbm/h): 21 Power supply: 400V / 3Ph+N+PE / 50Hz Power rating (kW): 1.1 Max. bag size (mm): 400 x 500 Insert plates: 2 External dimensions (lid closed / W x D x H mm): 480 x 655 x 385 External dimensions (lid open / W x D x H mm): 480 x 655 x 920 Condition: Used, inspected, fully functional Shipping: Delivery or collection by arrangement Worldwide shipping on request Shipping to islands or mountain stations only by arrangement Subject to changes and errors. Do you have questions, need advice, or wish to view the machine on site? We are available by phone during our business hours: Monday-Friday 09:00 - 13:00 and 14:00 - 17:00. Sale is subject exclusively to our General Terms and Conditions (GTC).

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, We are offering this very well-maintained Sparck Technologies HM 4455-30 carton packaging machine, year of manufacture 2022. Manufacturer: Sparck Technologies Model: HM 4455-30 Year: 2022 Condition: Excellent Machine type: Carton packaging machine Iodpfxjyzg Dls Amyeib If you have any questions or need more information, feel free to send us a message or give us a call. 💰 Asking price: €900,000 (original purchase price: €1,600,000) 🔧 Key Highlights: ✅ Fully automated packaging, tailored to product size ✅ High throughput (1,000 packages per hour) – ideal for e-commerce and fulfillment centers ✅ Efficient, material-saving, and scalable ✅ Excellent condition, professionally maintained 📦 The machine is ready for immediate use and was in live production until recently – perfect for businesses aiming to optimize their shipping operations, minimize packaging waste, and lower labor costs. 💡 Why are we selling? We are restructuring our logistics and moving to a new setup – this advanced system deserves to keep running, not remain idle. 📩 Interested or have questions? We are happy to provide detailed specifications, photos, or arrange an on-site viewing. #packagingautomation #sparck #cvpimpack #logistics #ecommerce #machinery

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2000, device for dosing pastes, jams, meat, cheese, etc. into aluminum and plastic cups, including an aluminum lid sealing machine and a date coder Ijdpfx Aew Dqmvsmyeib

Year of construction: 2013, condition: ready for operation (used), MULTIVAC R-275 – SLICKER CD SKIN/MAP – 2013 - YEAR OF MANUFACTURE – 2013 - THE MACHINE WORKED IN SWITZERLAND AND WAS VERY THOROUGHLY SERVICED. - IN 2025 – A COMPLETE TECHNICAL INSPECTION WAS PERFORMED BY MULTIVAC SERVICE IN SWITZERLAND. - MACHINE USING RIGID FILM. - PERFECT TECHNICAL CONDITION. - ONE SET OF MOULDS – ANY FURTHER SET UP UPON CUSTOMER REQUEST – ADDITIONAL PRICE FOR THE SET: 9,000 EUR. - THE MACHINE CAN BE VIEWED AT OUR OFFICE. Ijdpfx Asx A Aiqjmyjib

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, An Illig slide blister machine is available. Blister length range: 110mm-500mm, blister width range: 50mm-280mm, max. blister depth: 80mm, fold-over edge. An on-site inspection is possible. Iijdpsyyplcefx Amyeb

Year of construction: 2004, condition: good (used), Rotary 2-head automatic packaging machine for filling and sealing Iijdpfx Aehpt Nxemyob pátes and meat stuffing into aluminium cups intended to sterilisation.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: POLPAK 3000C7, POLPAK packaging machine for bulk products, ice cream, powders. Automatic packaging line for bulk products in pillow-type bags with a weight range of 0.5-2kg. The set includes: - POLPAK 3000C7 packaging machine - Auger dosing unit - Inclined auger feeder - Receiver for finished packages 400x2m Isdjx S Hqgopfx Amysib - Vide-Jet printer - Prepared for labeler installation - Labeling head The machine was used from 2021 to 2023. Currently, the machine is not in use due to a change in company operations.