Used Grenier - Charvet E 25 for sale (77,672)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, Second-hand machine Year of manufacture: 2003 Features and technical specifications: - Motor: 15 kW - 400 V - 3,000 rpm - Extraction nozzle diameter: 250/300 mm - Dimensions: approx. 900 x 750 x 1000 mm - Weight: approx. 190 kg Availability: at short notice Storage location: 63934 Röllbach Ledezk N Upjpfx Aizorp

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, Power 13 KW clamping range 500 mm voltage 400 V Lrodpfxexx A D Ho Aizop

Year of construction: 2008, condition: excellent (used), Power 13 KW clamping range 500 mm Lrodoxx A Edspfx Aizep voltage 400 V

Condition: used, MEP Syntax Line 25 Automatic Rebar Processing Center, Used Machine Manufacturer MEP S.p.A. (Made in Italy) Model Syntax Line 25 Machine Functions Automatic straightening from coil Hydraulic cutting CNC-controlled bi-directional bending Processing Capacity (Rebar from Coil) Single-wire operation: Ø8 mm to Ø25 mm Double-wire operation: Simultaneous processing of 2 bars from Ø8 mm to Ø16 mm Lredpozg Uv Dofx Aizjp Material Storage Storage capacity: Up to 14 m³ Manual loading Collection tray: 12 × 2.5 m Overall Dimensions Width: 17,400 mm Depth: 2,400 mm Height: 1,600 mm Condition The built-in monitor is not operational. The machine is equipped with a video output, allowing an external monitor to be connected for operation.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Heidenhain QSY 190F EcoDyn SN: 25 342 980 C, used, professionally completely overhauled and tested with 12 months warranty, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos, the agreed sales discounts do not apply to this item. Please ask for price separately! Lrodpfx Aiju T Uviszjp

Condition: ready for operation (used), Brinkmann TC 25 / 810+100 submersible pump, serial number: 0313002815-19535001, used, shows normal signs of wear, 100% functional, scope of delivery as shown in the photos. Ljdsi D Hmhjpfx Aizorp

Condition: ready for operation (used), Bosch ASM 25 Servo Drive SN: 302650 DC 520V, used, normal signs of use, 100% functional, delivery contents as per photos Lrodpfx Aomgwufoizep

Condition: ready for operation (used), Mattke MTR5000-170/25 servo controller, serial number: 4150038299. This servo controller has been fully overhauled by a specialized workshop, is used, in good condition, and is 100% functional. Scope of delivery as shown in the photos. Lrodpfei Eb A Usx Aizep

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, load capacity: 2,500 kg, Rotary device ISO class: ISO class 2 = 1,000 - 2,500 kg Condition: Ready for use and fully functional Lrodpfjzl Ir Aex Aizjp Technical condition: good Description: ISO 2A (41 cm), Capacity 2500 kg, Rotator 360°, Width 860 mm, ID OS2051

Condition: used, mileage: 42,208 km, power: 159 kW (216.18 HP), first registration: 09/1983, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 7,570 kg, maximum load weight: 4,930 kg, overall weight: 12,500 kg, tire size: 10R22.5, axle configuration: 4x4, wheelbase: 3,600 mm, color: red, driver cabin: other, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: none, suspension: steel, number of seats: 6, Equipment: ABS, additional headlights, all wheel drive, cabin, differential lock, fog lights, trailer coupling, Vehicle location: Bovenden, double cab, 1 air-suspended seat, electric mirrors, 5-speed gearbox, ABS (anti-lock braking system), PTO (power take-off), differential lock, fog lights, revolving beacon, storage box, leaf suspension. Wheelbase: 3600 mm Body: LF16/25 water tank fire engine with built-in FP 16/8 pump & 2800-litre water tank. Pump operating hours approx. 424 hrs. Sale to commercial customers or for export is subject to an additional 19% VAT! ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT WARRANTY, subject to change, prior sale and errors excepted! Lodpfxovllm Is Aizerp

Condition: used, mileage: 34,100 km, power: 92 kW (125.09 HP), first registration: 10/1957, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,670 kg, maximum load weight: 1,820 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, tire size: 8.25-20 EHD, axle configuration: 4x4, energy efficiency: F, CO₂ emissions: 601 g/km, color: red, driver cabin: other, gearing type: mechanical, number of seats: 6, total length: 2,350 mm, total width: 2,800 mm, front tire size: 8.25-20 EHD, rear tire size: 8.25-20 EHD, Equipment: all wheel drive, Vehicle location: Bovenden, Klöckner H-Deutz TLF 16/53, TLF 16/25 A3500/6 Year of construction:1957 Ljdpfx Ajvhlhdoizjrp The sale to tradesmen or export is subject to 19% VAT. ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT WARRANTY, subject to alterations, prior sale and errors excepted! - .

Condition: used, mileage: 33,000 km, power: 159 kW (216.18 HP), first registration: 12/1986, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 8,100 kg, maximum load weight: 5,400 kg, overall weight: 13,500 kg, tire size: 10R22.5, axle configuration: 4x4, wheelbase: 3,600 mm, color: red, driver cabin: other, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: none, suspension: steel, number of seats: 6, Equipment: all wheel drive, cabin, differential lock, fog lights, parking heater, trailer coupling, Vehicle location: Bovenden, Doka. Features: 1 air suspension seat, 5-speed manual transmission, auxiliary drive, differential lock, fog lights, storage compartment, leaf spring suspension, trailer hitch. Wheelbase: 3600 mm. Body: Tank fire engine TLF16/25 with a body manufactured by Bachert, 2500-liter water tank & built-in pump FP 16/8. Body length approx. 3700 mm! Spare wheel available for an extra charge! Lrsdjk D Smbepfx Aizjp Sale to businesses or for export is subject to 19% VAT! ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT GUARANTEE, subject to change, prior sale, and errors!

Condition: used, mileage: 24,833 km, power: 124 kW (168.59 HP), first registration: 12/1972, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 5,785 kg, maximum load weight: 5,215 kg, overall weight: 11,000 kg, tire size: 8.25-20, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 3,600 mm, color: red, driver cabin: other, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: none, suspension: steel, number of seats: 9, Equipment: additional headlights, cabin, Vehicle location: Bovenden, Doka, switch 5, rotating beacon, storage box, leaf suspension Wheelbase: 3600 mm Body: Ziegler TLF 16/25 water tender with FP 16/8 built-in pump & 2500l water tank Sale to tradesmen or export is subject to 19% VAT! ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT WARRANTY, subject to alterations, prior sale and errors excepted! Lredpsvhkkkjfx Aizop - .

Condition: used, mileage: 17,500 km, power: 159 kW (216.18 HP), first registration: 12/1987, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 7,600 kg, maximum load weight: 4,400 kg, overall weight: 12,000 kg, tire size: 10R22.5, axle configuration: 4x2, wheelbase: 3,600 mm, color: red, driver cabin: other, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: none, suspension: steel, number of seats: 9, Equipment: ABS, cabin, differential lock, fog lights, trailer coupling, Vehicle location: Bovenden, Doka, 1x air seat, switch 5, ABS (anti-lock braking system), power take-off, differential lock, fog lights, rotating beacon, storage box, leaf suspension, trailer hitch Wheelbase: 3600 mm Body: TLF16/25 tank fire-fighting vehicle, built-in pump FP 16/8 & 2500l water tank Body length approx. 3700mm! Spare wheel available for an extra charge! The sale to tradesmen or export is subject to 19% VAT! ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT WARRANTY, subject to alterations, prior sale and errors excepted! Lrjdpfxevhknvo Aizep - .

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 4,754 h, load capacity: 2,500 kg, lifting height: 5,390 mm, free lift: 1,830 mm, fuel type: electric, mast type: triplex, construction height: 2,475 mm, fork carriage width: 1,040 mm, fork length: 1,200 mm, drive type: Elektro, Electric 4-wheel forklift Load center: 500 ISO class: ISO Class 2 = 1,000 - 2,500 kg Mast type: Triplex Condition: Refurbished, no warranty Technical condition: very good Front tire type: Superelastic Front tire condition: 80 - 100% Rear tire type: Superelastic Rear tire condition: 80 - 100% Battery voltage: 80V Battery capacity: 620Ah Lsdpfjznpfcox Aizorp Battery manufacturer: 90% remaining capacity Battery type: PzS Battery year of manufacture: 2021 Battery condition: 80 - 100% Description: Overhauled, serviced, and inspected according to FEM 4.004 (UVV). Completely repaired, serviced, and checked. Side shifter, fork positioner, 3rd valve, 4th valve, rear work light, front work light, heater, compliant with STVZO (German Road Traffic Licensing Regulations), full cabin, safety light, joystick, rotating beacon, LED.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, TM Bohrtechnik TMB 25 drilling rig, year of manufacture: 2011, compressor operating hours: 5,308h, diesel engine operating hours: 8,002h, 5x drill rods, drilling head, dust collector, immediately ready for use, good condition, German machine. Ledszm Eq Eopfx Aizsrp Upon request, we can provide you with a leasing or financing offer from Mercedes-Benz Bank. Mr. Ebert (Tel.) will be happy to assist you. Further information is available on our website. Subject to prior sale and errors! = Further Information = Intended use: Construction Please contact Tobias Ebert for more details.

Condition: used, maximum load weight: 31,475 kg, overall weight: 39,000 kg, axle configuration: 3 axles, first registration: 01/2021, Year of construction: 2021, 1st axle liftable, dimensions (LxWxH): 13,625 mm x 2,480 mm x 2,700 mm, Rotos SCB 9t, Jost support leg, LED side marker lights linked with indicators, Delta rear cross underrun bar, 13 pairs of lashing rings on the outer frame (2,000 kg per ring), EN 12640, 2x load securing rails at 800 mm and 1,500 mm, hot-dip galvanized chassis, RAL 9010 Ledpfxoyu Euzs Aizsrp

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, pressure 135 t chamfer lenght 2550 mm distance between columns 2050 mm control CYBELEC ModEva 10 S dayligth 570 (EHT) mm total power requirement 25 kW weight of the machine ca. 11.000 kg Machine: - Sturdy machine frame constructed as a fully welded all-steel structure - Pressure beam with high bending strength - Electrohydraulic top drive via proportional valves - Modern block hydraulic system Optional equipment: - Increase in installation height and stroke by 150 mm each - Backgauge system 2 - 2 axes, R-axis adjustment 150 mm - 2 x additional stop fingers 2/4-axes, however, offset by 20 mm - CNC holding device - Distance from the bending line to the holding device approx. 240 mm - EHT quick-clamping device for EHT upper tools, pneumatic, head width 26 mm, horizontally self-centering - EHT lower tool clamping, mounting width 55 mm, pneumatic - Hardened insert strip for EHT lower tool clamping 55 mm / 90 mm - Die shift CNC-controlled, infinitely variable - CNC crowning device in the table (table width min. 110 mm) without tool clamping - SICK V4000 safety device - 2 x bending aids, max. 1500 N - 2 x 2 support rails for bending aid with 14 mm T-slot and scale Lrodpfx Aey D T S Ioizop - 2 x table extensions for bending aid - Parking position on right and left, short

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 3,740 h, fuel type: electric, power: 20 kW (27.19 HP), drive type: Elektro, tractive force with load: 25,000 N, Tractor Condition: Refurbished, no warranty Technical condition: very good Front tire type: Superelastic Front tire condition: 80 - 100% Rear tire type: Superelastic Rear tire condition: 80 - 100% Battery voltage: 80V Battery capacity: 620Ah Battery manufacturer: 91% remaining capacity Battery type: PzS Battery year of manufacture: 2024 Battery condition: 80 - 100% Lrsdpfozd H N Dex Aizep Description: Overhauled, serviced, and inspected according to FEM 4.004 (UVV). Completely repaired, serviced, and checked.

Condition: new, power: 235 kW (319.51 HP), fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 18,000 kg, axle configuration: 2 axles, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, Year of construction: 2026, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, electronic stability program (ESP), Iveco 180E32K Wheelbase: 4,185mm, New vehicle, not yet registered. 2-year factory warranty from initial registration. Color: White, Code 50105 IC 194. Transmission (9 gears), Euro 6. Ready for DELIVERY The following accessories are included: 00015 – Axle ratio 5.29 00131 – Differential lock Lredpfexybrrox Aizop 00166 – Tubular rear bumper 00541 – Battery disconnect switch 08289 – Preparation for toll system 05899 – Right-hand driver's seat armrest 00640 – Mechanical tilting roof 07747 – Dirt-resistant, easy-to-clean interior 00553 – Headlight protection grille 02085 – Trailer socket for 24-volt operation 00430 – Trailer version for towing 05210 – ZF power take-off 06319 – 360 ccm air compressor 06403 – Tipper version 00219 – Two wheel chocks 00568 – 143 Ah batteries 00590 – Seatbelts 00632 – Sun visor 00693 – Electric windows 01483 – Preparation for PTO 02096 – Heated dryer 02181 – Central engine exhaust 02211 – Warning triangle 02463 – Cruise control 02650 – Manually adjustable air conditioning 02662 – Anti-splash mudguards 02688 – Heat-reflecting glass 02714 – Electrically adjustable and heated rearview mirrors 06150 – Rear cross member, D-value 100 KN 02912 – LDWS (lane departure warning system) 02289 – Heated fuel filter 04572 – Expansion module 05456 – Rearview mirrors for body mounting, 2500 mm 05534 – First aid kit 06555 – Fog lights 06620 – Comfort driver's seat 06629 – Headrests 06617 – Passenger seat for 2 persons 06891 – Immobilizer 07440 – Weight limits 7,500-12,000 kg 75181 – Audible reversing alarm 08277 – Heated urea tank 08297 – EVSC (electronic stability control) 75056 – LED daytime running lights 01395 – Bluetooth radio 75499 – 200-liter fuel tank 05267 – 30-liter AdBlue tank 75502 – Air filter unit on the right, in the rear of the cab 77023 – EBS (electronic braking system) 06314 – 70° alternator 06318 – 225 ccm air compressor 20790 – Tires 315/80 R 22.5 07700 – Jack 02443 – Leather steering wheel with controls 00191 – Radiator protection 00160 – Front bumper, sheet metal 00744 – Window behind the cab 02210 – Spare wheel 02721 – Spare wheel carrier on the side of the chassis 08554 – Semi-elliptical leaf spring suspension with trapezoidal spring on the rear axle 08551 – Semi-elliptical leaf spring suspension with trapezoidal spring on the front axle Emails will not be answered. If interested, please call us. Sales only to businesses or for export. Subject to prior sale and errors.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 12,439 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 200 mm, nominal power (apparent): 30 kVA, workpiece length (max.): 250 mm, workpiece width (max.): 250 mm, workpiece height (max.): 185 mm, operating hours of spindle: 12,439 h, input voltage: 415 V, type of input current: three-phase, Lumex Avance-25 by Matsuura, including automatic CAM software. For clarification: this is a machine that, during the melting process (all 10 layers in standard configuration with a layer thickness of 0.05 mm), also performs surface finishing through HSC milling. This means that the contour is milled to the exact dimensions every 0.5 mm, resulting in clean surfaces as typically seen in CNC milling. The Lumex Avance-25 is an excellent solution for those who want to participate in the world of hybrid additive manufacturing at the highest level. It combines laser sintering and milling in a single machining center. With its help, you can efficiently produce complex and precise parts while simultaneously benefiting from the flexibility and versatility of additive manufacturing. Details: Year of manufacture: 2015 Spindle hours: 12,439 Laser hours: 3,476 Build volume: 250x250x185 Gallery of manufactured components: alesco-gmbh.de/leistungen/additive-fertigung-3d-druck/ With its robust design and proven performance, the Lumex Avance-25 is an investment that pays off. It offers a combination of reliability, precision, and efficiency, making it an excellent choice for any workshop or production line. Please do not hesitate to contact us for further information or to arrange a visit. We look forward to helping you discover the potential of the Lumex Avance-25 for your company. Further inventory and prices can be found at: inventar-verkauf.de/id/alesco Voltage: 415 V Voltage tolerance: ±10 % Frequency: 50 Hz Frequency tolerance: ±1 Hz Number of phases: 3 Ljdpfxozm Ub He Aizjrp Capacity: 30 kVA Current: 41 A Short-circuit current: 30 kA If you have any questions or require further information, please feel free to send us a message or call us.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, operating hours: 15 h, load capacity: 2,500 kg, lifting height: 5,850 mm, fuel type: electric, mast type: telescopic, construction height: 1,920 mm, power: 40 kW (54.38 HP), fork length: 1,200 mm, empty load weight: 4,755 kg, total length: 3,894 mm, drive type: Elektro, construction width: 1,813 mm, Rigid telehandler Lredpfxjzif N Hs Aizjp Load center: 500 mm Mast type: Telescopic Transmission: Hydrostatic Speed class: 20 km/h Condition: New machine Technical condition: New Front tyres type: Non-marking Front tyres condition: 80 - 100% Rear tyres type: Non-marking Rear tyres condition: 80 - 100% Battery voltage: 100V Battery capacity: 348Ah Battery manufacturer: Manitou Battery type: Lithium-ion Battery year of manufacture: 2026 Battery condition: 80 - 100% Description: Manitou telehandler 625, 100% electric. The first 100% electric Manitou telehandler, specially developed for use in the construction sector! A compact, versatile machine for all your material handling needs—quiet, emission-free, and with no compromises in performance. With a lifting height of 5.85 m, a load capacity of 2.5 t, a ground clearance of 33 cm, combined hydraulic movements, and compact dimensions, the MT 625 e is a true all-terrain machine, also suitable for work at compact, low-emission jobsites such as city centers or indoor facilities. Equipped with lithium-ion batteries and an integrated charger, you can add an additional battery and charger to increase on-site autonomy and accelerate charging. 3rd valve, rear work lights, front work lights, heater, full cab, air conditioning,

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Features of the system 1. Chain conveyor, 2.9 meters in length (other lengths available upon request) 2. Two custom-made forming shoulders with a fixed shape, adapted to the product dimensions 3. Single film loader + Automatic film centering device 4. End sealing unit, box motion, single sealing jaw 5. Robust, medium fin sealing structure 6. Eight servo-controlled drives 7. HMI control panel 8. Four individual temperature controllers 9. Housing made of stainless steel 304 10. Documentation in the local language Lsdpfx Aisk Dz Hwjzsrp 11. Print mark control 12. Bag length programmable 13. Standard running direction: left to right Technical parameters 1. Product length: L120-600mm 2. Product width: B70-250mm 3. Product height: H20-120mm 4. Packaging speed: up to 60 products/min (depending on product, bag length, and material) 5. Maximum film width: 600 mm 6. Connection voltage: 1 phase, 220V 50Hz 7. Total power consumption: approx. 8.8 kW 8. Machine weight: approx. 1100 kg 9. Machine dimensions: approx. 4500 x 1070 x 1590 mm

Condition: used, mileage: 12,01,188 km, power: 324 kW (440.52 HP), first registration: 01/2013, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 26,000 kg, axle configuration: 3 axles, next inspection (TÜV): 12/2026, brakes: retarder, color: red, gearing type: automatic, emission class: euro6, loading space volume: 39 m³, loading space length: 7,350 mm, loading space width: 2,470 mm, loading space height: 2,170 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, electronic stability program (ESP), parking heater, soot filter, tail-lift, Vehicle No. for customer inquiries: 221 ----Body: * Manufacturer: Kiesling * Tail lift: BÄR 2,000kg * Side anchor rails * Roof mounting rails * Floor mounting rails * 2x Cool Slide partition Cooling unit: * Mitsubishi TU100SA MULTI * 2-chamber system * 2 evaporators * Standby and on-the-move cooling * Diesel + electric * Fresh produce and frozen food transport * Load compartment dimensions: L: 7,350mm W: 2,470mm H: 2,170mm * Payload: 13,840kg ----Additional features: * Automatic climate control * Retarder * 3rd steering axle and lift axle * Auxiliary air conditioning * Auxiliary heater * Cruise control * Tow hitch * Parking assist with rear view camera * Cool box ----Special equipment: * Base color: red * Upholstery: fabric * ABS, ASR, ESP * On-board computer * Differential lock * Ready for operation * Driver's sleeping berth * Particle filter * Adblue tank Lrodjzmk Ayopfx Aizsp * Hands-free system Bluetooth * Multifunctional steering wheel * Fog lights * Radio CD * Sleeper cab * Air suspension seat * Central locking * Electric windows * Electric side mirrors, heated * Electric immobilizer ----Technical data: * HSN/TSN: 1516/000 * Suspension: leaf-air-air/lift/steering * Automatic transmission * Emission class: EURO6 * Environmental badge: 4 (Green) * Wheelbase: 4,500mm * Load compartment dimensions: L: 7,350mm W: 2,470mm H: 2,170mm * Payload: 13,840kg * Tire size: 315/70 R22.5 ----German vehicle! * 11,999.- Euro net plus VAT * In case of export to third countries or EU, a deposit will be retained. This will be refunded to the buyer after successful customs clearance or delivery. * Worldwide delivery possible - please ask us for your individual offer! * We will gladly accept your used vehicle in part exchange! * Financing/leasing also possible in difficult cases * This description serves only for general identification of the vehicle and does not constitute a guarantee in the legal sense. * The information does not claim to be complete. The information/descriptions/pictures provided are non-binding and do not constitute guaranteed characteristics. * We assume no liability for errors and obvious mistakes. * The buyer is obliged to independently verify the condition and equipment of the vehicles before purchase. * Subject to price changes, typing errors, errors and prior sale * Dear customer, please understand that due to the age and mileage of the vehicle, we prefer to sell it to commercial businesses or dealers. Thank you very much. * We speak: * Greek / Miláme Elliniká Tel: +49.162.6567750 * Russian / My govorim na Russkom Tel: +49.171.2767737 * WhatsApp/Viber: Tel: +49.162.6567750 * E-Mail: * * Internal number: 221

Condition: reconditioned (used), functionality: fully functional, working width: 400 mm, area performance: 1,600 m²/h, overall weight: 55 kg, warranty duration: 12 months, water tank capacity: 25 l, KARCHER BR 40/25 C Bp Pack Scrubber NEW 12V 85Ah SIAP GEL BATTERIES (2x) NEW NEOS 24V 10A BATTERY CHARGER 400mm cleaning head equipped with new medium-hard cylindrical brushes for work on any surface. New natural rubber squeegees A built-in battery charger simplifies daily operation. The device is equipped with a new, durable drain hose and a new suction hose. The suction turbine ensures high water suction power from the squeegee. Each device we offer has individually taken photos; you buy exactly what you see. TECHNICAL DATA: Working width (mm): 400 Suction width (mm): 770 Power supply: battery Clean/dirty water tank (l): 25/25 Brush pressure (g/cm²): 250 Brush speed (rpm): 1350 Theoretical capacity (m²/h): 1600 Weight (kg): 55 Dimensions (L x W x H) (mm): 800 x 575 x 830 INCLUDED: NEW 12V 85Ah SIAP GEL BATTERIES (2x) Lsdpfx Aijytplbjzerp NEW NEOS 24V 10A BATTERY CHARGER NEW 400mm PPL0.5 cylindrical brushes NEW suction hose NEW drain hose Suction bar with new rubbers Built-in battery charger 5 liters of Tenzi Normal solution - FREE KEY FEATURES: The 25 liter tank allows for a large amount of cleaning solution, eliminating the need to frequently stop for refills. The machine's design makes it highly maneuverable. The small turning radius allows for operation even in narrow passages and alleys. The squeegee bar ensures precise suction of the solution from the cleaned surface. The large working width (400mm) ensures high surface coverage. The control panel is very clear and intuitive.