Used Ima Combima/Ii/650/A/R3 for sale (71,430)

Condition: used, mileage: 1,26,000 km, power: 280 kW (380.69 HP), first registration: 01/1997, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 26,000 kg, tire size: 315/80R22.5, axle configuration: 6x6, wheelbase: 5,230 mm, brakes: retarder, color: yellow, driver cabin: day cab, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro2, suspension: steel, number of seats: 2, Equipment: ABS, additional headlights, all wheel drive, cabin, differential lock, power assisted steering, seat heater, Vehicle location: Bovenden, mtl. house, 1x comfort seat, seat heating, rear window, sun visor, EPS, switch 16, ABS (anti-lock braking system), retarder, auxiliary drive, exhaust raised, central lubrication system, differential lock, work lights, rotating beacon, storage box, leaf suspension, lateral aluminum driving protection Wheelbase: 5230 mm Differential lock front and rear axle, ABS, Voith secondary retarder R115 high drive, rear springs stronger level I, additional sound insulation, reinforced clutch, brake pad wear indicator, automatic daytime running lights, radiator guard below, flame system, engine brake with constant throttle, central lubrication, FDS, 15.1 l engine! ACCESSORIES WITHOUT WARRANTY, subject to alterations, prior sale and errors excepted! Guodpovhn S Ejfx Al Asd - .

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, machine/vehicle number: UWIIA/3472/95, max. grinding diameter:300 mm grinding length:400 mm workpiece length:520 mm centre height:150 mm :550 mm table speed -stepless-:0,005 - 5,0 m/min centre distance:350 mm :250/3750/5000/7500 U/min max. dia. of grinding wheel:250 mm grinding spindle head - swivable:11-60 ° Gujdpecxxrfefx Al Ajd drive capacity - spindle motor:max 3,0 kW total power requirement:7,7 kW with SIEMENS 810 G3 CNC control, electric hand wheel and spindle pitch-correction unit, FORKART OVERZ-BR hydraulic collet chuck, coolant device, automatic central lubrication, encasement with movable observation window at operator's station, separate electrical cabinet, machine light, SIEMENS servo drives, very good condition

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, CNC Siemens 828 D Year 2023 • Max. diameter: 400 mm • Max. workpiece length: 550 mm • Axis travel: Gsdpfxoy Nzc Ee Al Ajud X-axis: 240 mm Z-axis: 600 mm Y-axis: +/- 60 mm Sauter 12-position BMT Sub-spindle Full specification available as PDF file

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, Suitable for cleaning cooling oil used in carbide grinding. Accessories: 6 filter towers, automatic backflushing, magnetic separator. container content: 4000 l Flow rate max: approx. 360 l/min. Filter fineness:: greater than 0.003 mm Connected load approx.: 9.0 kW (400 V / 50 Hz) Dimensions W x D x H: 6000 x 1200 x 1650 mm Weight approx.: 2000 kg Gujdpev N Iuiofx Al Aed colour: light grey

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), Specification Detail Die cutting and stripping unit Max. Sheet Size 1050 x 750 mm Min. Sheet Size 450 x 370 mm Max. Die Cutting Area 1040 x 730 mm Guodpfx Alsyha N Hs Asd Max. Speed 7,500 sheets per hour Max. Pressure 250 tons Stock Range 100 gsm paper to 2000 gsm cardboard; up to 3 mm corrugated board Min. Gripper Margin 4 mm Machine Weight 18,000 kg

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, As-new squared timber (softwood) available from late 2025. Stock: 120 squared timbers; packed and secured on EU pallets, 35/36 pieces per bundle. Gedey Amwhopfx Al Aoud Sold/given only in full bundle sizes.

Condition: excellent (used), axle configuration: 3 axles, permissible axle load (axle 1): 9,000 kg, permissible axle load (axle 2): 9,000 kg, permissible axle load (axle 3): 9,000 kg, first registration: 04/2005, total length: 9,060 mm, total width: 2,520 mm, suspension: air, tire size: 385/65-R22.5, wheelbase: 7,450 mm, Year of construction: 2005, Equipment: ABS, = Additional Features and Equipment = - ADR - EBS - Lift axle - Air suspension - Disc brakes = Notes = Well-maintained 2005 Van Hool 20FT tipping chassis, SAF axles with disc brakes (Intradisc), ABS, 2 x lift axle, ADR (EXII, EXIII, FL, AT), tiltable up to 20 degrees, 24V, unladen weight: 5,200 kg, gross vehicle weight: 39,000 kg, 385/65-R22.5 tyres (L: 8/17/8mm; R: 7/10/7mm), Dutch registration. = Further Information = Axle Configuration Tyre size: 385/65-R22.5 Axle brand: SAF INTRADISC Brakes: Disc brakes Suspension: Air suspension Rear axle 1: Lift axle; Max. axle load: 9,000 kg; Tyre tread left: 50%; Tyre tread right: 45% Rear axle 2: Lift axle; Max. axle load: 9,000 kg; Tyre tread left: 100%; Tyre tread right: 60% Rear axle 3: Max. axle load: 9,000 kg; Tyre tread left: 50%; Tyre tread right: 45% Weights Unladen weight: 5,200 kg Payload: 33,800 kg Gross vehicle weight: 39,000 kg Functional Body manufacturer: Van Hool 3B2013 Condition Technical condition: very good Optical condition: very good Gsdpfxevt A Hnj Al Aeud Identification Registration number: OH-71-VY Further Information Please contact Arne Honingh for more information.

Condition: excellent (used), axle configuration: 3 axles, permissible axle load (axle 1): 9,000 kg, permissible axle load (axle 2): 9,000 kg, permissible axle load (axle 3): 9,000 kg, first registration: 04/2005, total length: 9,060 mm, total width: 2,520 mm, suspension: air, tire size: 385/65 R22.5, wheelbase: 7,450 mm, Year of construction: 2005, Equipment: ABS, = Additional options and accessories = - ADR - EBS - Lift axle - Air suspension Gusdpjy H Hd Asfx Al Asd - Disc brakes = Notes = Attractive 2005 Van Hool 20FT tipping chassis, SAF axles with disc brakes (Intradisc), ABS, 2 x lift axles, ADR (EXII, EXIII, FL, AT), tiltable up to 20 degrees, 24V, unladen weight: 5,200 kg, max. gross weight: 39,000 kg, 385/65-R22.5 tires (L: 8/8/7 mm; R: 8/7/6 mm), Dutch registration. = Further information = Axle configuration Axle brand: SAF INTRADISC Brakes: Disc brakes Suspension: Air suspension Rear axle 1: Tire size: 385/65 R22.5; Lift axle; Max. axle load: 9,000 kg; Tire tread left: 50%; Tire tread right: 50% Rear axle 2: Tire size: 385/65 R22.5; Lift axle; Max. axle load: 9,000 kg; Tire tread left: 50%; Tire tread right: 45% Rear axle 3: Tire size: 385/65 R22.5; Max. axle load: 9,000 kg; Tire tread left: 45%; Tire tread right: 40% Weights Unladen weight: 5,200 kg Payload: 33,800 kg Gross vehicle weight: 39,000 kg Functional Body brand: Van Hool 3B2013 Condition Technical condition: very good Visual condition: very good Identification Registration number: OH-68-VY Further information Please contact Arne Honingh for more information.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1990, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 2,800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,200 mm, spindle speed (max.): 2,000 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 50 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel X-axis: 2,800 mm Travel Y-axis: 1,000 mm Travel Z-axis: 1,200 mm Spindle speeds: 50 - 2,000 rpm Spindle torque: 3,000 Nm Spindle taper: SK 50 Feed rate - X / Y / Z axis: 2 - 2,000 mm/min Rapid traverse - X / Y / Z axis: 7,000 mm/min Table clamping surface: 2,000 x 800 mm Rotary table diameter: 800 mm Number of tool magazine stations: 56 Tool diameter (all stations filled): 114 mm Tool diameter (with 2 free positions): 200 mm Max. tool length: 400 mm Max. tool weight: 16 kg Tool change time: approx. 8 - 9 sec Control system: SIEMENS SINUMERIK 850 M MACHINE DETAILS Spindle motor power: 30 kW Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 6.6 x 3.15 x 2.98 m Machine weight: approx. 25.4 t EQUIPMENT Tool presetting device Various tool holders Chip conveyor Internal coolant supply Coolant system with high-pressure pump and filtration unit Electronic handwheel Fixators Gedsyl U Thjpfx Al Aoud

Condition: used, Swivel bending machine KRAMER, type A-Maut. II 1000 Manufacturer’s serial number: 48 287, year of manufacture: 1990 Useful length: 1060 mm Maximum sheet thickness: 3.75 mm Stroke of the upper die: 180 mm Gedpfx Ajfnabyjl Asud Adjustability of the bending die: 60 mm Rear stop: 480 mm Drive power of the bending die drive: 4 kW Drive power of the upper die drive: 1.5 kW Mains connection: 400 volts, 50 Hz - Manual and semi-automatic control - Angle setting via angle pre-selection dial - One-piece pointed beam, 135° - Rear stop with hand crank adjustment and simple measuring scale - Continuous stop rail - Electric foot switch, 3-way Space requirement: L x W x H: 2200 x 1350 x 1500 mm Weight: approx. 2.3 tons Good condition

Year of construction: 1994, condition: good (used), -Cutting mill / granulator -working width: 600 mm -rotor diameter: 400 mm -with sound insulation Gsdpfeh Havtex Al Asud

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1988, Manufacturer: Haacke type: UW II A-CNC year of construction: 1988

 Gusdpog Tvmbjfx Al Aed only for step drills up to max. Ø 30mm cross adjustment: 250mm height adjustment: 250mm grinding length: 400mm weight: 1,4t footprint: 2,5 x 1,2 x 1,9mm Application: for grinding steps on step drills Accessories:

 Paper belt filter make LKK Foreground flap collet chuck Forkardt Overz /BR 50/ LH-Z 24394

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, PLASMA CUTTING TABLE WITH COMPRESSED AIR: TYPE REMOCUT II 1500-3000/105A PNEUMATIC ENGRAVER Gusdsyug Enopfx Al Aed

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1993, Panel Saw Manufacturer: Striebig Model: Standard II Plus 6220 A Year of manufacture: 1993 Cutting length: 5,300 mm Vertical cutting height: 2,200 mm Horizontal cutting height: 2,100 mm Cutting depth: 80 mm Saw blade diameter: 300 mm Speed: 4,750 rpm Power: 4 kW Godsw N Saajpfx Al Ajud Dimensions: 6,470 x 1,281 x 2,885 mm

Condition: good (used), High pressure radial fan, dust extraction fan, exhaust gas extraction, welding fume extraction, extraction, fan, pressure blower, vacuum blower, radial blower, high pressure blower, high pressure fan -Manufacturer: Combimac, high pressure blower type 54A641- /BJ1 -Drive motor: rotor 0.75 kW -Speed: 2840 rpm -Volume output: 2.1 m³/min -technical data: see photo type plate -Connection input: Ø 120 mm Gusdpfx Aloun Du Se Aed -Connection output: Ø 100 mm -Fan wheel: Ø 540 mm -Dimensions: 760/340/H840mm -Weight: 88 kg

Year of construction: 2022, condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Selling a liquid chromatograph, SCIEX Triple Quad 6500+ with Shimadzu LC-40Dx3. Gedpfx Alsyw Nf Do Aeud Complete, well-maintained set; the instrument has not been fully utilized. Can be inspected in the laboratory. You are welcome to visit. Dismantling and transport are the responsibility of the buyer.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: ST D2 002, saw blade diameter: 250 mm, overall weight: 2,850 kg, cutting width (max.): 450 mm, Two-spindle multi-saw wood cutting machine JL32 Good working condition Max. 10 circular saw blades on the spindle, diameter 250mm x 70mm Main spindle dimensions: diameter 70mm, length 420mm Feed rate (cutting): 5-25 m/min Machine dimensions: length 2200mm, width 1500mm, height 1900mm Machine weight: 2850kg Voltage: 380V Gedpsy E Snqsfx Al Aeud Main motor power: 30kW and 22kW (2950 min-1) Feed motor power: 0.75kW and 0.75kW (900 min-1)

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: DM2AE437, number of ink cartridges: 6, color channels: CMYK + Weiß + Lack, number of print heads: 3, resolution (max.): 1,200 dpi, paper width (max.): 300 mm, paper height (max.): 420 mm, total length: 1,290 mm, total width: 1,355 mm, total height: 856 mm, counter reading (color): 41, type of input current: AC, input current: 5 A, input voltage: 230 V, Equipment: raster image processor, Title: Mimaki UJF-3042 MkII e (Year: 2022) – Only 41 m²! Incl. Kebab & Pro Starter Package (SURA, UV DTF A+B Films and Stand) Description: Gedpfx Aoyr Aiwel Ajud For sale is a high-end professional UV printing system: A Mimaki UJF-3042 MkII e (year 2022) including the premium Kebab option. This machine is being sold due to a business closure and is a real rarity on the used market: According to the counter, the unit has only produced a total print output of 41 m². Here you are getting a system in like-new condition at an attractive used price. The printer was meticulously maintained and kept permanently connected to the power supply to ensure proper execution of automatic maintenance and circulation cycles (to prevent nozzle outages). Technical Highlights & Features: - Model: Mimaki UJF-3042 MkII e (current generation) - Year of Manufacture: 2022 - Condition: Like new (only 41 m² total printing volume) - Configuration: CMYK + White + Varnish (LH 100) - Kebab MkII Option: Included (original Mimaki unit for 360° all-round printing on bottles, glasses, etc. – new price approx. €2,700) - Software: RasterLink 7 RIP software included 🎁 EXCLUSIVE FREE PACKAGE (Additional accessories worth approx. €4,000!) Because we are liquidating the entire operation, we are giving away the following professional equipment for pre- and post-processing together with the printer. These components are not sold separately – a real turnkey package for your production start: 1. SURA Instruments Pyrosil GVE 2 HB Professional flame-treating unit for silicatization (surface pre-treatment). Ensures extreme adhesion on glass, metal, ceramic + plastic. Includes torch, gas hose, and approx. 80% remaining adhesion promoters. Current new price: approx. €2,900 net 2. Material Starter Set Includes UV-DTF film set (A+B). 3. Sturdy Machine Stand Customized, stable table/stand for the Mimaki. Ensures a secure, stable hold during printing and the optimal ergonomic working height. Pricing & Sale Details: Sale is as a complete package with formal invoice and VAT shown separately. Location & Collection: The machines are located in 33178 Borchen. A current nozzle test can be demonstrated during inspection. If interested or to arrange a viewing appointment, please contact us directly via the messaging function.

Condition: excellent (used), For sale is a professional Thermo Haake C30S Phoenix II laboratory thermostat, designed for precise cooling and heating of liquids and temperature stabilization. The unit can operate as a thermostat bath or a circulator to supply external measurement and research systems. It is equipped with a Phoenix II controller with a clear LCD display, allowing for convenient setting and control of operating parameters. Upon startup, it displays the current temperature and the setpoint value, confirming the correct operation of the controller. Technical data: Manufacturer: Thermo Haake Model: C30S Controller: Phoenix II Controller type: 003-6431 Device type: 003-8195 Power supply: 230 V / 50–60 Hz Current consumption: 9.2 A Refrigerant: R134a Protection rating: IP20 / IP30 RS-232 interface Multi-Port Digital temperature control Connections for external liquid circuit Mobile design with wheels Application: The unit is ideal for: laboratories, quality control, material research, use with laboratory equipment, cooling and heating of measurement systems, temperature stabilization of liquids. Condition: used, functional, controller operates correctly, display is clear, Gjdpfozi Tmasx Al Aoud normal signs of use, the tank contains beads to reduce medium evaporation, sold exactly as shown in the photos. Included in the set: Thermo Haake C30S thermostat, Phoenix II controller, beads for the thermostat bath, located in the tank.

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008517, Type of edging: Thin edge, Thick edge, Solid wood Gluing System: PUR Premilling Unit: yes Corner Rounding Unit: yes Max feed speed: 20 m/min Maximum panel thickness: 60 mm Operating Units: 7 nr Godsy T Hpfspfx Al Aoud

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 006089, Type of edging: Thin edge, Thick edge, Solid wood Gujdpey Nknwefx Al Aed Gluing System: EVA Hotmelt Premilling Unit: yes Corner Rounding Unit: yes Max feed speed: 30 m/min Maximum panel thickness: 60 mm Operating Units: 8 nr

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 007504, Position 1: Vertical Storage Systems IMA + SCHELLING-AH 6 Position 2: Angular Beam Panel Saws IMA + SCHELLING-AH 6 Position 3: Panel Feeding and Loading IMA + SCHELLING-AH 6 Gujdswuucispfx Al Asd

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 006054, X axis working area: 5300 mm Y axis working area: 1300 mm Working Table: Pod and Rail Main Electrospindle power: 9 KW Number of controlled axes: 5 axes Gjdpfswcx T Uex Al Aoud Total number of drilling spindles: 32 Total number of tool changer positions: 8

Condition: used, mileage: 1,35,000 km, power: 105 kW (142.76 HP), first registration: 07/2018, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, color: silver, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 2, total length: 7,000 mm, loading space length: 4,300 mm, loading space width: 1,780 mm, loading space height: 1,920 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, navigation system, parking heater, soot filter, Buy online. Finance digitally. Have it delivered nationwide. ----Chat now via WhatsApp: Get in touch quickly and easily with our sales consultant. Internal ID number: [3435]---- Your advantages with us: * Digital consultation by phone or WhatsApp * Financing options even without a down payment * Trade-in of your vehicle, whether old or new Optional extras: * 12–60 months used car warranty (valid throughout the EU) * New inspection * New TÜV (German vehicle inspection) & emissions test * Nationwide delivery---- Summer offer: Upon request and for an additional charge of only €999, increase the trailer load to up to 3,500 kg (depending on the vehicle and manufacturer). Vehicle highlights: 19% VAT can be shown German vehicle Damage-free First owner Euro 6 standard Regularly maintained Immediately ready for use Dimensions overall: Length = 6,961 mm / Width = 1,993 mm / Height = 2,612 mm Total weight: 3,500 kg / Unladen weight = 2,350 kg / Payload = 1,150 kg Load compartment dimensions: 4,300 mm / Width = 1,780 mm / Height = 1,940 mm Trailer hitch: 3,500 kg possible Maxi High + Long Automatic climate control Auxiliary heating Rear view camera Comfortable driver's seat Load compartment with shelving Godpfozlm S Iex Al Ajud Bluetooth multimedia system Special equipment: Audio system Audio 10 (radio with CD player), exterior temperature display, roof control unit with reading light driver/passenger side, rear door (opening angle 270 degrees), wooden floor in the load compartment, metallic paint, Parktronic system (PTS), rear stabilizer, reinforced front stabilizer, step at the rear door, lining in the load/passenger compartment: plywood, auxiliary heater (air) electric Additional equipment: 3rd brake light, adaptive brake light, driver airbag, display for windshield washer fluid level, exterior mirrors electrically adjustable and heated, both, exterior mirrors with integrated turn signal, battery 74 Ah, brake assistant, braking system with ABS+ASR, headlining in the driver's cab, lockable glove compartment, body/superstructure: standard high-roof van, child lock, fuel tank: main tank 75 liters, load compartment partition, load securing / lashing points, headlight range adjustment, model upgrade, engine 2.1 L - 105 kW CDI CAT (2143 ccm), wheelbase 4325 mm, smoker's package, tire repair kit with compressor, low emissions according to emission standard Euro 6, sliding door load/passenger compartment right, seat belt system with warning system (driver side), seat cover / upholstery: fabric Lima, seats in the driver's cab: passenger seat adjustable, service interval display Assyst, heat-insulating glazing, permissible total weight 3.5 t ---- Do you want to lease or finance? We offer attractive deals – even without a down payment! Feel free to contact us. Contact: Phone: WhatsApp: E-mail: Location: Nutzfahrzeuge West GmbH Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 2 45711 Datteln – Germany Opening hours: Mon-Fri: 9:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. Sat: 9:00 a.m. – 2:00 p.m. All information on the internet is non-binding and serves only for the general description of the vehicle. Errors, typos and prior sale are reserved. The binding condition of the vehicle results exclusively from the purchase contract on site or through written assurances.

Condition: used, mileage: 1,49,000 km, power: 105 kW (142.76 HP), first registration: 08/2017, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, color: silver, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 2, total length: 7,000 mm, loading space length: 4,300 mm, loading space width: 1,780 mm, loading space height: 1,920 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, navigation system, parking heater, soot filter, Buy online. Finance digitally. Get it delivered nationwide. ----Chat with us now via WhatsApp: Get in touch quickly and easily with our sales consultant. Internal ID number: [3436]---- Your advantages with us: * Digital consultation by phone or WhatsApp * Financing options even without a down payment * Trade-in of your vehicle, whether old or new Optionally available: * 12-60 months used car warranty (valid throughout the EU) * New inspection * New TÜV (German technical inspection) & emissions test * Nationwide delivery---- Summer offer: On request and for a surcharge of only €999, increase the trailer load to up to 3,500 kg (vehicle and manufacturer dependent). Vehicle highlights: * 19% VAT can be shown * German vehicle * Accident-free Gusdozlm S Ujpfx Al Aod * 1st owner * Euro 6 standard * Regularly maintained * Immediately ready for use Dimensions overall: Length = 6,961 mm / Width = 1,993 mm / Height = 2,612 mm Total weight: 3,500 kg / Unladen weight = 2,350 kg / Payload = 1,150 kg Load compartment dimensions: 4,300 mm / Width = 1,780 mm / Height = 1,940 mm Trailer hitch: up to 3,500 kg possible Maxi High + Long Automatic climate control Auxiliary heating Rear view camera Comfort driver's seat Load compartment with shelving Bluetooth multimedia function Special equipment: Audio system Audio 10 (radio with CD player), exterior temperature display, roof control unit with reading lamp driver/passenger side, rear door (opening angle 270 degrees), wooden floor in the load compartment, metallic paint, Parktronic system (PTS), stabilizer rear, stabilizer front reinforced, step rear door, lining in the load/cargo area: plywood, auxiliary heating (air) electric Other equipment: 3rd brake light, adaptive brake light, airbag driver side, display for washer fluid level, exterior mirrors elect. adjustable and heated, both, exterior mirrors with integrated turn signal, battery 74 Ah, brake assistant, braking system with ABS+ASR, roof lining in the cab, glove compartment lockable, body/superstructure: box high-roof standard, child safety lock, fuel tank: main tank 75 liters, load compartment bulkhead, load securing / lashing eyes, headlight range adjustment, model refinement, engine 2.1 liter - 105 kW CDI KAT (2143 ccm), wheelbase 4325 mm, smoker's package, tire repair kit with compressor, low emission according to emission standard Euro 6, sliding door load/passenger compartment right, safety belt system with warning system (driver side), seat cover / upholstery: fabric Lima, seats in the cab: passenger seat adjustable, service interval display Assyst, heat-insulating glass, permissible total weight 3.5 t ---- Do you want to lease or finance? We offer attractive deals – even without a down payment! Feel free to contact us. Contact: Phone: WhatsApp: Email: Location: Nutzfahrzeuge West GmbH Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 2 45711 Datteln – Germany Opening hours: Mon-Fri: 9:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. Sat: 9:00 a.m. - 2:00 p.m. All information on the internet is non-binding and serves only for the general description of the vehicle. Errors, typos and prior sale are subject to change. The binding condition of the vehicle results exclusively from the purchase contract on site or through written assurances.