Used Unknown Aisi 304 for sale (1,748)

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, IWR 2000D - The fruit washer with mill for fruits and vegetables is made entirely of high-quality stainless steel and is equipped with a sorting grate, a washing tank, and a conveyor belt. The fruits are immersed in water and, after pre-washing, transported via the conveyor belt where they are thoroughly cleaned with fresh water. Afterwards, the cleaned fruits enter the mill, where they are processed to the desired mash consistency using the selected sieve. The washing system is also equipped with a dosing attachment for pack presses. Technical Information • Nominal capacity: 1500 kg/h • Power requirement: 3 kW, 400 V, 16 A • Material: WNr. 1.4301, AISI 304 stainless steel • Washing tank water capacity: 120 L per batch • Water consumption: 12 L/min • Water connection: 3/4” quick coupling • Electric control cabinet with IP65 protection rating • Swiveling Rätz mill Ljdpfxotu Ikco Apdjag • Equipped with rollable wheels • Easy to clean • Through the frequency converter, the conveyor capacity can be easily adjusted Dimensions: Length: 3250 mm Width: 840 mm Height: 2270 mm Weight: 160 kg

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, The fruit washer with a mill for fruits and vegetables is made entirely of stainless steel and is equipped with a sorting grate, a washing tank, and a conveyor belt. The fruits are immersed in water for a pre-wash. Afterwards, they are transported further via the conveyor belt, which thoroughly cleans the fruits with fresh water. After cleaning, the fruits enter the mill, where they are processed with the desired sieve to achieve the required mash consistency. • Easy to clean Ledpev Srgusfx Apdeag • Low maintenance requirements • Belt speed is steplessly adjustable in both directions • Equipped with 2 swivel wheels • Equipped with 2 fixed wheels Technical Information • Nominal capacity: 2000 kg/h • Power requirement: 3 kW, 400 V, 10 A • Mash discharge height: 1400 mm • Connection for washing tank: G 6/4” • Connection for cleaning: G ½” • Material: WNr. 1.4301, AISI 304 stainless steel • Water consumption: approx. 12 L/min Dimensions: Length: 2700 mm Width: 840 mm Height: 2270 mm Weight: 150 kg

Condition: used, Used agitator with scales Item number: 10824 Last use: Pharma Type: Upright on 4 castors Material (wetted parts): 1.4301 / AISI 304 Container dimensions: Total width: 500mm Total length: 1500mm Total height: 1560mm Facilities: Type plate: yes Agitator: beam shaft length: 355mm Stirrer: Ø180mm Ljdpfjut U Tpjx Apdeag Scale

Condition: good (used), Used stainless steel mixing tank Article number: 10591 Volume: 1600L Type: Horizontal, mounted on 4 legs Leg height: 230mm Material (in contact with media): 1.4301 / AISI304 Design: Double jacket Manhole cover diameter: 452mm Operating pressure according to nameplate: ATM Tank dimensions: Outer diameter: 1215mm Overall height: 1755mm Overall width: 1510mm Overall length: 2325mm Materials: Inside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Outside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Features: Nameplate: No Outlet diameter: 65mm Distance from outlet to bottom: 195mm Double jacket Various connections Laedpfxjhtnmhe Apdeg Mixer with beam agitator

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, Our belt presses can be dismantled and cleaned in just a few minutes without tools. The belt press is easy to operate. Effective belt cleaning is achieved by three spray nozzles and silicone wipers. Thanks to this innovative solution, the system can be operated for the economical production of fruit and vegetable juice. You don’t need a high-pressure cleaner, so you save on electricity costs when pressing. All you need is a compressor with 8-bar pressure and a ½" water connection. • Fully automatic and infinitely variable belt speed control • Easy to clean • Easier maintenance • Rolling machine feet • Automatic belt correction Technical Information Rated output: 350 kg/h Working width: 400 mm Juice yield: up to 75% Power consumption: 0.55 kW, 400 V, 16 A Material: Wnr. 1.4301, AISI 304 stainless steel Air Operating pressure: 6 bar approx. 50 l/h Laodev Sq Nbspfx Apdjg Dimensions: Length: 1,080 mm Width: 1,070 mm Height: 1,320 mm Weight: 297 kg Optional: automatic juice draining

Year of construction: 2010, condition: used, Year of manufacture: Mar 2010 New: No Laodpev Sra Ijfx Apdsg

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, The IPW 200 tank pasteurizer is suitable for pasteurizing packaged fruit preparations (such as jams and preserves), fermented products (such as vinegar and beer), and pickled fruits and vegetables. The packaging must be heat-resistant, e.g., made of glass or a heat-resistant plastic bag. The exact heat treatment technology, temperature, and duration depend on the specific product. Operation is manual. The tank is not insulated. • Very user-friendly • Includes baskets for bottles and jars • Automatic temperature control • Made entirely of stainless steel (WNr. 1.4301) Technical information Capacity: 200 L/h Power requirement: 12 kW, 400 V, 20 A Material: WNr. 1.4301, AISI 304 stainless steel IP65 electrical control box Thermometers: 1 pc. Laodpfov Srblsx Apdeg Dimensions: Length: 1420 mm Width: 600 mm Height: 880 mm Weight: 130 kg

Condition: new, total length: 980 mm, total width: 855 mm, total height: 2,370 mm, outer diameter: 780 mm, Brand new stainless steel tank Article number: 10633 Volume: 1000L Type: Standing on 4 legs Height of legs: 540mm Material (in contact with media): 1.4301 / AISI304 Design: Single-walled Operating pressure according to nameplate: ATM Tank dimensions: Diameter: approx. 780mm Cylindrical height: 1970mm Overall height: 2370mm Overall width: 855mm Overall length: 980mm Materials: Inside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Outside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Features: Nameplate: No Laedoza Ek Tjpfx Apdjg 2x 3/4" socket on the cylinder

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, operating hours: 8 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 16102025, total length: 14,000 mm, total width: 4,000 mm, total height: 3,030 mm, overall weight: 3,000 kg, input voltage: 220 V, type of input current: three-phase, input frequency: 50 Hz, pressure: 14 bar, compressed air connection: 6 bar, input current: 12 A, temperature: 10 °C, heating capacity: 3 kW (4.08 HP), power: 6 kW (8.16 HP), warranty duration: 12 months, operating pressure: 14 bar, control type: PLC-controlled, degree of automation: automatic, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, lighting, The KEG barrel is manually placed on the conveyor with the top down. On the control panel, the type of KEG barrel to be worked with is set and started with the “START” button. The conveyor chain also acts as a buffer - for three 30L KEG or five 10L KEG barrels. When the barrel enters the washing machine, the conveyor stops and the washing is started. The machine consists of 2 zones - washing with chemicals and the second for rinsing. The first (longest) processing zone is used for the main cleaning with chemicals. The second zone is used for rinsing. Laedpfx Aov Di Dnspdsg Spray pipes are fixed in each spraying zone. Along the sides, bottom and top to ensure the cleanliness of the specified Keg barrels. Washing with chemicals and adjusting the amount of its supply, as well as without chemicals, is possible. Drive rollers ensure the fixation of the barrels and their rotation during washing, brushes wash the sides of the KEG barrel, the arrangement of high-pressure nozzles ensures water supply to the brushes and washing of the bottom of the barrel. Washing of one barrel max. 1.5 min., this time can be changed depending on the degree of dirtiness of the barrels. Excess water is drained into the sewer through the overflow. After washing, the barrels are fed to the filling machine with elevators. A sensor on the line near the filling machine controls the operation of the line. If the sensor is covered, the barrel feed is stopped and is automatically resumed when the space becomes free. If at this moment the barrel is in the washing machine - the cycle is completed. If the space near the filling machine is free at the end of the washing cycle, the feed continues. If not - the barrel feed line is in standby mode. Ventilation is built into the washing machine body. Control panel: SIMATIC HMI, KTP400 Basic Controller: SIMATIC S7-1200, CPU 1214C Pump water output: Q min/max 5-13m3/h Chemical dosage – adjustable on the control panel Material used: stainless steel AISI 304 Cylinders: FESTO 2. Elevators: for KEG barrels Stainless steel frame Separation and ejection mechanism – pneumatic cylinders (FESTO) Chain – stainless steel • Dimensions and specifications are to be specified at the time of ordering. You can El. diagrams and drawings are submitted upon delivery of the equipment. Warranty – 12 months from the moment of signing the invoice CE Certificate

Condition: good (used), Used, insulated stainless steel tank with electric heating Last use: Food Article number: 10345 Volume: 90 L Type: Standing on four rollers Material (in contact with media): 1.4301 / AISI 304 Design: Single-walled with insulation Bottom: Flat bottom Top: Hinged lid Operating pressure according to nameplate: ATM Tank dimensions: Outer diameter: 500 mm Inner diameter: 450 mm Manhole: 450x305 mm Overall height: 1340 mm Height of legs: 440 mm Overall width: 970 mm Overall length: 1030 mm Materials: Inside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Outside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Equipment: Hinged lid Various connections Insulation Electric heating element in the tank Control cabinet Welded grating Laodpfx Apod Ngdasdsg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, Insulated, upright stainless steel tank with heating jacket (+temperature control) and pressure booster pump (3 m³/h at 3 bar). The tank is also equipped with a drain pipe, level indicator and pressure gauge. Additional title: vertical, insulated, heatable stainless steel tank Gross volume: 2000 l Height: 2100 mm Lsdoxwy Aqspfx Apdjag Material: Stainless steel 1.4404 (AISI 316 L) with insulating cladding made of 1.4301 (AISI 304) Base construction: standing on 4 feet Features: Insulation (insulation thickness 50 mm); heating jacket; temperature control; pressure booster pump (Grundfos); outlet pipe; hose level indicator; pressure gauge

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, // Equipment dismantled and stored in our warehouse // Manufacturer: Italvacuum Model: Cosmodry System IHD 3200 Year: 2016 Type: horizontal vacuum paddle dryer Application: drying wet powders ATEX (Eex) unit: yes Industries: Fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals (API), intermediates A) Agitation: Concentric agitator with heated shaft, removable in several segments (double mechanical seal) Transmission: (CEMP) - Power 30 kW + Gearbox + Chain Agitation speed: 1.6 ÷ 8.1 rpm Atex: explosion-proof ATEX II 2GD Mounted with the dryer on a support structure (single SKID) B) Drying chamber with discharge valve Total volume : 3200 Liters Useful volume : 30% - 80% Internal pressure : -1 / 0,5 barg Jacket pressure : 0 / 1,7 barg Project temperature : -10 / +130°C Maximum heating fluid temperature: +100°C Best vacuum tightness: 4 mbar/h EX-I absolute pressure transmitter PT100 Ex-i product temperature sensor Nitrogen backwash system Rotary chopper speed: 300 / 1200 rpm (not installed) Material in contact with the product: AISI 316L - EN 1.4404 Vacuum seals: PTFE and FEP Jacket material: AISI 304 - EN 1.4301 Heating fluid: Diathermic oil Mirror-polished interior finish (Ra ≤ 0.4 µm) Satin exterior finish (Ra ≤ 1.2 µm) Inspection and Shut-off Valve DN.1650 Buffer Relief Valve DN 200/300 DN 250 Butterfly Loading Valve Prepared for the installation of two choppers (lateral knives) C) Process filter D) Vacuum unit: SAURUS939 piston vacuum pump, model VVD Pump support bench ATEX: Ex-d-IIB-T4 – IP55 Power: 11 kW Atmospheric pressure surface condenser, model VD200I E) Vacuum condensing unit - AISI 316L stainless steel with double cooling jacket in AISI 304 stainless steel. Internal design pressure: -1 / 0.5 barg Jacket design pressure: 0 / 3 barg Design temperature: -10 / 40 °C Maximum cooling liquid pressure: 2.5 bar Exchange surface area: 8.5 m2 Condensate collection capacity: 900 litres Level sensor F) External safety filter G) Temperature control system: Heating/Cooling Steam liquid heater: Pressure 7 bar - Jacket temperature: 142°C - Surface area: 1.65 m2 Laedpfjx R D Efjx Apdog Cooler, mounted on the heater: cold water or brine - Pipe jacket pressure: 12 barg - Jacket temperature: 142°C - Pipe temperature: -10°C /+ 99°C - Surface area: 3.42 m2 H) Command and Control System (Electrical Cabinet + HMI) Complete technical file

Condition: not inspected (used), Used stainless steel tank with double jacket Tank has been cleaned! Article number: 10229 Lajdodyuqpepfx Apdog Last use: Foodstuffs Volume: Approx. 450L Type: Standing on 3 legs Material (in contact with medium): 1.4301 / AISI304 Design: With double jacket Bottom: Dished bottom Tank dimensions: Tank diameter: 1000mm Cylindrical height: 500mm Overall height: 1380mm Height of legs: 450mm Distance from outlet to bottom: 240mm Overall width: 1110mm Materials: Inside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Outside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Equipment: Dome lid Ø 400mm with sight glass on the top Various nozzles Double jacket

Condition: used, Item: AH-10291-10292-20,000L Laodpfx Aswgc Dlopdeg External dimensions: W 2600 mm, H 3000/3500 mm, L 5300 mm. Horizontal stainless steel tanks – 2 units. Manhole and 2.5" outlet at the end. Brand: Land engineering. AISI 304

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, Overview The micro brewery was manufactured in 1999 by theGerman manufacturer BERAPLAN. All equipment is in good condition. A new wort copper was added in 2018.  List of equipment: 1. Mash Tun Made by Beraplan in 1999 Cylindric shape with conical ground Material: stainless steel AISI 304 Inner diameter: 2000 mm Height: 1600 mm Height conical part: 20 0mm Volume: maximum 38 Hl Double sidewall Insulation Heated by steam, which can be regulated Hot and cold water inlet at the bottom Can be emptied through the bottom 4 CIP balls PT100 2 agitators Mach pump with variable speed drive 2. Lauter Tun Made by Beraplan in 1999 Cylindric shape with flat ground Material: stainless steel AISI 304 Inner diameter: 2000 mm Height: 1200 mm Volume: maximum 37 Hl Filtering ground with trapezoidal perforations High precision valve to regulate the flow rate Hot and cold water inlet at the bottom 4 CIP balls PT100 3. Wort Copper Made by FRACCHIOLLA in 2018 Heated by steam Cleanning balls Temperature sensor Transfer pump from Alfa Laval Solid C-2 (3 kW) 4. Whirlpool Made by Beraplan in 1999 Cylindric shape with flat ground Material: stainless steel AISI 304 Inner diameter: 2000 mm Height: 1250 mm Volume: maximum 40 Hl Double sidewall CIP balls Transfer pump from Alfa Laval Solid C-2 (2,2 kW) 5. Hot Water Tank Cylindric shape with flat ground Material: stainless steel AISI 304 Inner diameter: 2000 mm Height: 2700 mm Volume: maximum 85 Hl Double sidewall CIP balls Transfer pump from Alfa Laval Solid C-2 (7,5 kW) Heated by steam with temperature regulation 6. Heat Exchanger Made by MDC (France) Plate heat exchanger double zone model: RDC 307 Capacity: 30 Hl/h from 85°C to 16°C 7. Ice Water Unit Capacity: 1000 l New pump Ledpfxjl Hxmde Apdsag

Condition: used, Used stainless steel tank Item number: 10823 Volume: 1260 liters Type: Standing on 4 feet Material (wetted parts): 1.4301 / AISI 304 Design: Single-walled Operating pressure according to nameplate: ATM Max. operating temperature: +0 / +20 °C Tank dimensions: Inner diameter: 1190 mm Outer diameter: 1210 mm Cylindrical height: 920 mm Overall width: 1370 mm Overall length: 1370 mm Overall height: 1970 mm Height of feet: 1000 mm Materials: Laedpfxswcd Tae Apdeg Inner: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Outer parts: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Features: Nameplate: Yes Outlet diameter: 47mm Distance from drain to floor: 220mm Drain valve: Disc valve Removable lid

Condition: used, Used stainless steel tank / transport container / IBC Last intended use: Chemical industry Item number: 10884 Lasdpsydc Auofx Apdsg Capacity: 1,000 litres Type: Vertical, mounted in galvanized stacking frame Material (media-contacting): 1.4301 / AISI304 Manhole: 400mm Version: Single-walled Operating pressure as per nameplate: 0.10 bar Tank dimensions: Overall width: 1,200mm Overall length: 1,000mm Overall height: 1,520mm Materials: Internal: 1.4301 / AISI 304 External parts: Galvanized steel Fittings: Nameplate: Yes Outlet diameter: 47mm Outlet valve: Ball valve Outlet distance to floor: 235mm Empty weight: 207 kg

Condition: excellent (used), Used insulated stainless steel container / transport container / IBC Last use: Food Item number: 10845 Volume: approx. 1000 liters Type: Vertical in galvanized stacking frame Height of feet: 100mm Material (wetted parts): 14301 / AISI 304 Manhole: 400mm Version: With insulation and electric heating (heating untested) Operating pressure according to type plate: ATM Tank dimensions: Total width: 1020mm Total length: 1220mm Total height: 1790mm Materials: Interior: 14301 / AISI 304 External parts: 14301 / AISI 304 Equipment: Nameplate: no Lasdpsuy Ratefx Apdjg Outlet diameter: 37mm Insulation Electrical heating untested

Condition: used, Used stainless steel transport container on pallet Last application: Pharmaceutical Item number: 10870 Volume: 450 litres Lsdpfx Apjwvq Rxjdjag Type: Upright on transport pallet Product-contact material: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Manhole: 400mm Design: Single-walled Operating pressure as per nameplate: ATM Container dimensions: Total width: 720mm Total length: 900mm Total height: 1220mm Pallet: 1200 x 800mm Materials: Interior: 1.4301 / AISI 304 External parts: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Features: Nameplate: no Outlet diameter: 50mm Leg height: 100mm Removable aluminium pallet

Year of construction: 2023, condition: new, 1 x Niro-Tech vacuum tumbler / mixer with Micro-controller. Model - MS-700 V. Lsdpjhr Rprefx Apdjag Capacity - 700 litres. Max product input - Up to 420kg depending on product. Speed control - 1-9r./min. Installed power - 0.75kW. Vacuum pump power - 0.75kW. Efficiency of vacuum pump - 40m3/h Electrics - 400v, 50hz, 3 phase. Manufactured in AISI 304 stainless steel. Brand new, made to order. Supplied with 12 month warranty. Please allow a lead time of up to 10 weeks for the manufacture of this machine.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, Overview  This tank package was manufactured in 2002 by Spanish company Parcitank S.A., a recognized producer of stainless steel tanks for the wine and food industry. The nine tanks are suitable for fermentation or storage depending on their configuration. The set is offered as three packs, each consisting of one 20,000 L fermentation tank, one 15,000 L storage tank, and one 10,000 L storage tank. On request, single packs can also be purchased. All tanks are made of AISI 304 stainless steel and are in good condition. Technical data  - Fermentation tanks - 200hl (3 units): - Capacity: 20,000 L - Diameter: 2,500 mm - Cylindrical height: 4,000 mm - Type: Atmospheric with cooling jackets - Storage tanks - 150hl (3 units): - Capacity: 15,000 L - Diameter: 2,500 mm - Cylindrical height: 3,000 mm - Type: Atmospheric - Storage tanks - 100hl (3 units): - Capacity: 10,000 L - Diameter: 2,000 mm - Cylindrical height: 3,000 mm - Type: Atmospheric - Material: AISI 304 stainless steel Scope of Delivery - 9 stainless steel tanks (3 × 200 hl, 3 × 150 hl, 3 × 100 hl) - Optional: Sale in complete set or in 3 individual packs (1 × 200 hl + 1 × 150 hl + 1 × 100 hl) Ledpfx Apoxbua Sjdoag

Condition: good (used), Used stainless steel container Lasdpfsg Rnnhex Apdsg Last use: Food Item number: 10573 Volume: 45 liters Type: Hanging Material (in contact with medium): 1.4301 / AISI304 Design: Insulated Hinged lid opening: 200x390 mm Container dimensions: Internal diameter: 400 mm Overall height: 610 mm Overall width: 495 mm Overall length: 475 mm Materials: Inside: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Exterior parts: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Features: Nameplate: No Outlet diameter: 47 mm Insulated Electrically heatable / Heating cable

Condition: good (used), tank capacity: 1,000 l, Used stainless steel tank / transport container / IBC Last application: Oil production Article number: 10889 Volume: 1,000 liters Type: Vertical, in galvanized stacking frame Material (product-contact): 1.4301 / AISI304 Manhole: 400 mm Design: Single-wall Operating pressure (nameplate): +0.20 bar Tank dimensions: Overall width: 1030 mm Overall length: 1230 mm Overall height: 1650 mm Materials: Interior: 1.4301 / AISI 304 Exterior parts: Galvanized steel Equipment: Nameplate: yes Lodpfx Apsxzq D Hodsag Outlet diameter: 47 mm Outlet valve: Disc valve Distance from outlet to floor: 220 mm

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2017, UNION CM10 SP TWIN Double cabin: No. 1 washing cabin, No. 2 cooling cabin equipped with No. 3 pneumatic doors. "Pass-through" type the baskets are loaded from one side and unloaded in the opposite side performing the complete cycle. The parts are loaded with a mobile trolley on the side of the washing cabin and transit inside the cooling cabin and then unloaded from the side of the cooling cabin. - Advancement between booths automatically via sideshift. - Basket rotation with safety clutch. Lajdpfor Duq Ujx Apdeg - Possibility of loading a basket ø1060mm useful inside 980 mm. - Internal useful height 1000 mm. / Max. load capacity. 500 kg. - Washing tank 280 lt. with level restoration and stainless steel axial washing pump. - Dosatron soap dispenser on wash tank 3-10%. - Rinsing tank 250 lt. with level restoration and axial washing pump in stainless steel. - Plant constructed of AISI 304 except for safety ground tank, external structures and external paneling (painted FE). - Safety ground tank at the base of the plant. - Total thermal insulation. - No. 2 External trolleys with drip tank + No. 2 Baskets ø1060 internal useful 980mm. - Automatic doors with safety barriers. - N°3 Bag filters (N°2 on washing 25 micron - N°1 on rinsing 10 micron). - "Union DC60" oil separator. - High-pressure blower, side air blade positioned. - Drying fan with electric heating elements. - Vapor aspirator - Emptying pump. - No. 2 Cooling Fans. (Water Chiller NOT included in the quotation). - PLC SIEMENS S7-1200 with TOUCH PANEL KTP 700 BASIC + Gate Manager for remote assistance.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: DZ-202409012, heating capacity: 3 kW (4.08 HP), power: 1.5 kW (2.04 HP), operating temperature: 95 °C, usable tank capacity: 99 l, Equipment: documentation/manual, The machine was purchased new from the manufacturer in 2024, has only been used briefly, and is therefore in like-new condition! The system consists of four independent chambers and enables a complete cleaning process, including washing, rinsing, and drying. TECHNICAL DETAILS Number of units: 4 Housing material: Stainless steel AISI 304 Wall thickness: 2 mm Units: Ultrasonic washing chamber and ultrasonic rinsing chamber Ultrasonic power: 1,500 W (30 transducers) Frequency: 40 kHz Heating power: 3 kW Maximum operating temperature: 95 °C Circulation and filtration system Dynamic lifter system (“up & down” technique) for enhanced cleaning performance Final rinse chamber Tank capacity: approx. 99 l Heating power: 3 kW Hot air drying chamber Heating power: 3 kW High-performance blower Temperature control MACHINE DETAILS Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 2,880 x 1,350 x 1,180 mm Machine weight: approx. 480 kg EQUIPMENT Ledpfx Aoyx Annopdsag Separate fluid supply and discharge for each chamber Suitable for use with industrial cleaning chemicals Stainless steel wire baskets Drain valves and level sensors Electronic control system Complete technical documentation and certificates The washing system is designed for precision cleaning of machined metal parts, particularly for the removal of machining oils, chips, and fine particles following turning, milling, or grinding operations.