Used Panhans / Hokubema Bsb 500 for sale (15,538)

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2025, Panhans band saw BSB 500 upper and lower APA II bandsaw guiding system swivelling table top up to 45 door safety by limit switch wheel diameter 500 mm drive motor 1,5 kW / 2,0 PS Fgedpfsdq D I Hox Ag Ajc motor 400 Volt with motor brake belt speed 1.290 m/min. cutting height max. 320 mm cutting width max. 485 mm blade length max. 4.145 mm table size 500x680 mm table height 890 mm Suction nozzle 2x100mm space requirement: 900x525x1925 mm Weight 220 kg CE-conform, GS-tested ex stock 54634 Bitburg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, power: 1.5 kW (2.04 HP), Equipment: motor brake, TECHNICAL DATA Wheel diameter 500 mm Fodpfx Aoqfft Njg Asgc Belt speed 1300 m/min Cutting height 330 mm Cutting width 480 mm Blade length max. 4140 mm Saw blade width min. / max. 15 mm / 25 mm Optional with special coating Saw blade width min. / max. 6 mm / 20 mm Table size 670 x 495 mm Table height 900 mm Suction nozzle 2 x Ø 100 mm Color RAL 7035 light grey and RAL 5000 violet blue Net weight approx. 210 kg TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Solid German mechanical engineering Machine stand in elegant, modern, torsion-free double-chamber welded steel construction Upper and lower door secured by limit switches Upper and lower precision band saw blade guide APA 2, size 1 Finely planed cast iron table Swivel table top up to 45 Dyn. balanced band saw wheels with vulcanized rubber bandages Stop guide can be used to the left of the saw blade, stop profile can be reversed Blade tension indicator 1 saw blade 4140 x 20 x 0.45 mm, tooth width 6 mm, no. 3783.20K Mechanical height adjustment of the saw blade guard by handwheel with locking pinion Push-button switch for start/stop with emergency stop button and motor protection relay Wear-free, electric motor brake CE-compliant GS tested

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, New machine Year of manufacture: 2025 TECHNICAL DATA Wheel diameter 500 mm Belt speed 1300 m/min Cutting height 330 mm Cutting width 480 mm Blade length max. 4140 mm Saw blade width min. / max. 15 mm / 25 mm Optional with special covering saw blade width min. / max. 6 mm / 20 mm Table size 670 x 495 mm Table height 900 mm Extraction nozzle 2 x Ø 100 mm Motor power 1.5 kW / 2 HP Special voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz Color RAL 7035 light gray Fodpfxev Huggj Ag Aegc and RAL 5000 violet blue Net weight approx. 210 kg TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Solid German mechanical engineering Machine stand in elegant, modern, torsion-free, double-chamber welded steel construction, upper and lower doors secured by limit switches, upper and lower precision band saw blade guides APA 2, size. 1 Finely planed gray cast iron table Table top can be swiveled up to 45° Dyn. balanced band saw wheels with vulcanized rubber bandages Stop ruler can be used to the left of the saw blade, Stop profile can be folded over Blade tension indicator 1 saw blade 4140 x 20 x 0.45 mm, tooth width 6 mm, No. 3783.20K Mechanical height adjustment of the saw blade guard using a handwheel with locking pinion Push button switch for start/stop with emergency stop button and motor protection relay Wear-free, electric motor brake CE-compliant GS tested Machine stand left-hand version Drive motor 1.5 kW / 2.0 HP Availability: short term Storage location: Flörsheim

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1979, Wheel diameter 600 mm Fedpfx Aozawi Iog Ajgc Cutting height 395 mm cutting width 585 mm Motor output 2,2 kW Table dimensions 910 mm machine weight ab. 300 kg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, Panhans BSB 800 band sawing machine TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Solid German machine construction Machine stand in shapely modern design torsion-free double-chamber welded steel construction Upper and lower door secured by limit switches Upper and lower precision band saw blade guide APA 2, size 2 Finely planed gray cast iron table Swivel table top up to 45 Dyn. balanced band saw wheels with vulcanized rubber bandages Stop ruler can be used to the left of the saw blade, Fence profile can be reversed Blade tension indicator 1 piece saw blade5775 x 30 x 0.8 mm, tooth width9 mm, No. 3780.301 Mechanical height adjustment of the saw blade guard by hand wheel with locking pinion Rotary cam switch with star-delta start and emergency stop button Mechanical motor brake with main switch and motor protection relay CE-compliant GS tested Fgodpfjr Igzcox Ag Asc Left-hand machine stand Rotary cam switch with star-delta start and emergency stop switch Wheel diameter 800 mm Belt speed 1800 m/min Cutting height 520 mm Cutting width 780 mm Blade length max. 5775 mm Saw blade width min. /max. 15 mm /4 0m m Optional with special coating Saw blade width min. max. 10 mm / 35 mm Table size 1145 x 760 mm Table height 930m m Suction nozzle 2 x 0 120 mm, Motor power 4 kW / 5.5P S Voltage 400 V / 50 Hz Color RAL 7035 light grey and RAL 5000 violet blue Net weight approx. 525 kg Location: From stock 54634 Bitburg - immediately available -

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, machine/vehicle number: C890, PANHANS band saw Type BSB 600 Stand in modern steel construction, table top thick-walled, high ribbed cast iron massive grey cast iron band saw frames technology: - upper and lower PANHANS band saw blade guide APA II - finely planed cast iron table - swivelling table top up to 20 - dynamically balanced band saw blades with vulcanized rubber bandages - fence ruler can be used to the left of the saw blade - Fence profile can be folded down - blade tension indicator - mechanical height adjustment by hand wheel with locking pinion - automatic motor brake with main switch and motor protection switch technical data: - max. cutting height 380 mm - max. cutting width 570 mm - table size (BT) 590 x 810 mm - table height 905 mm Fgodpsbzmb Hsfx Ag Asc - wheel-Ø 600 mm - engine power 2,2 kW - wheel speed 820 rpm - max. saw band length 4710 mm - suction nozzle-Ø 2 x 100 mm - machine weight 272 kg - machine size (LBH) 1120 x 750 x 2125 mm Location: ex stock Bitburg Top exhibition price Freely loaded

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, max. blade length: 4720 mm, motor power: 2.2 kW, roller diameter: 600 mm, max. cutting height: 395 mm, max. cutting width: 585 mm, tiltable table: yes, column side: left, fence: usable on both sides, blade guide position: top and bottom, blade guide: roller guide, design: stationary, weight approx.: 300 kg, dimensions: 1115 x 670 x 2115 mm. Storage location: supplier. Fsdpfx Aoy Rz Htjg Asgc

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, New machine Year of manufacture: 2025 TECHNICAL DATA Wheel diameter: 800 mm Belt speed: 1800 m/min Cutting height: 520 mm Cutting width: 780 mm Max. blade length: 5775 mm Min./max. blade width: 15 mm / 40 mm With special lining (optional), min./max. blade width: 10 mm / 35 mm Table size: 1145 x 760 mm Table height: 930 mm Extraction port: 2 x Ø 120 mm Motor power: 4 kW / 5.5 HP Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz Color: RAL 7035 Light Grey and RAL 5000 Violet Blue Net weight: approx. 525 kg TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Robust German engineering Machine frame in a modern, visually appealing, torsion-free double chamber steel welded construction Upper and lower doors protected by limit switches Fgodpfx Ageww Ravs Aec Upper and lower precision bandsaw blade guides APA 2, Size 2 Finely planed cast-iron table Table can be tilted up to 45° Dynamically balanced bandsaw wheels with vulcanized rubber tyres Rip fence can be used on the left of the saw blade, fence profile can be folded down Blade tension indicator 1 bandsaw blade 5775 x 30 x 0.8 mm, tooth pitch 9 mm, No. 3780.30I Mechanical height adjustment of blade guard by handwheel with locking ratchet Cam switch with star-delta starting and emergency stop button Mechanical motor brake with main switch and motor protection relay CE compliant GS tested Machine frame, left-hand version Drive motor: 4.0 kW / 5.5 HP Push-button control, 3 to 4 kW With automatic star-delta start (for 3.0 – 4.0 kW motor), (instead of cam switch) Availability: Short-term Location: Flörsheim

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, New machine Year of manufacture 2025 Equipment and technical data: · Wheel diameter: 600 mm · Belt speed: 1550 m/min · Cutting height: 400 mm Fsdpfxjvymg Ee Ag Ajgc · Cutting width: 580 mm · Blade length max.: 4735 mm · Saw blade width min. / max.: 15 mm / 30 mm · Optional with special covering saw blade width min. / max.: 8 mm / 25 mm · Table size: 810 x 590 mm · Table height: 920 mm · Extraction nozzle: 2 x Ø 100 mm · Motor power: 2.2 kW / 3 HP · Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz · Color: RAL 7035 light gray and RAL 5000 violet blue · Net weight: approx. 275 kg TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION · Solid German mechanical engineering · Machine stand in an attractive, modern, torsion-free double-chamber welded steel construction · Upper and lower doors secured by limit switches · Upper and lower precision band saw blade guide APA 2, size. 2 · Finely planed gray cast iron table · Swiveling table top up to 45° · Dynamically balanced band saw wheels with vulcanized rubber bandages · Stop ruler can be used to the left of the saw blade, stop profile can be folded over · Blade tension indicator · 1 saw blade 4735 x 25 x 0.6 mm, tooth width 9 mm, No. 3780.250D · Mechanical height adjustment of the saw blade guard using a handwheel with locking pinion · From 2.2 kW - rotary cam switch with direct start and emergency stop button · From 3.0 kW - rotary cam switch with star-delta start and emergency stop button · Mechanical motor brake with main switch and motor protection relay · CE-compliant Availability: short term Storage location: Flörsheim

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, New machine Fgsdpfx Agsw Nablj Aec Year of manufacture 2024 Equipment and technical data: · Wheel diameter: 600 mm · Belt speed: 1550 m/min · Cutting height: 400 mm · Cutting width: 580 mm · Blade length max.: 4735 mm · Saw blade width min. / max.: 15 mm / 30 mm · Optional with special covering saw blade width min. / max.: 8 mm / 25 mm · Table size: 810 x 590 mm · Table height: 920 mm · Extraction nozzle: 2 x Ø 100 mm · Motor power: 2.2 kW / 3 HP · Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz · Color: RAL 7035 light gray and RAL 5000 violet blue · Net weight: approx. 275 kg TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION · Solid German mechanical engineering · Machine stand in an attractive, modern, torsion-free double-chamber welded steel construction · Upper and lower doors secured by limit switches · Upper and lower precision band saw blade guide APA 2, size. 2 · Finely planed gray cast iron table · Swiveling table top up to 45° · Dynamically balanced band saw wheels with vulcanized rubber bandages · Stop ruler can be used to the left of the saw blade, stop profile can be folded over · Blade tension indicator · 1 saw blade 4735 x 25 x 0.6 mm, tooth width 9 mm, No. 3780.250D · Mechanical height adjustment of the saw blade guard using a handwheel with locking pinion · From 2.2 kW - rotary cam switch with direct start and emergency stop button · From 3.0 kW - rotary cam switch with star-delta start and emergency stop button · Mechanical motor brake with main switch and motor protection relay · CE-compliant Incl. transport pallet Incl. pre-freight to 65239 Hochheim Availability: short term Storage location: Flörsheim

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, New machine Year of manufacture 2024 Fedpfxew Nabrs Ag Asgc Equipment and technical data: · Wheel diameter: 600 mm · Belt speed: 1550 m/min · Cutting height: 400 mm · Cutting width: 580 mm · Blade length max.: 4735 mm · Saw blade width min. / max.: 15 mm / 30 mm · Optional with special covering saw blade width min. / max.: 8 mm / 25 mm · Table size: 810 x 590 mm · Table height: 920 mm · Extraction nozzle: 2 x Ø 100 mm · Motor power: 2.2 kW / 3 HP · Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz · Color: RAL 7035 light gray and RAL 5000 violet blue · Net weight: approx. 275 kg TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION · Solid German mechanical engineering · Machine stand in an attractive, modern, torsion-free double-chamber welded steel construction · Upper and lower doors secured by limit switches · Upper and lower precision band saw blade guide APA 2, size. 2 · Finely planed gray cast iron table · Swiveling table top up to 45° · Dynamically balanced band saw wheels with vulcanized rubber bandages · Stop ruler can be used to the left of the saw blade, stop profile can be folded over · Blade tension indicator · 1 saw blade 4735 x 25 x 0.6 mm, tooth width 9 mm, No. 3780.250D · Mechanical height adjustment of the saw blade guard using a handwheel with locking pinion · From 2.2 kW - rotary cam switch with direct start and emergency stop button · From 3.0 kW - rotary cam switch with star-delta start and emergency stop button · Mechanical motor brake with main switch and motor protection relay · CE-compliant Incl. transport pallet Incl. pre-freight to 65239 Hochheim Availability: short term Storage location: Flörsheim

Year of construction: 1978, condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 1010, Roll diameter 1.000 mm band saw blade length 7.100 mm, max. cutting width 960 mm, max. cutting height 620 mm, motor 5,5 kW, Fgedpfjhzgnzjx Ag Ajc table size 1.450 x 1.030 mm, installation dimensions L x W x H: 1,900 x 1,160 x 3,130 mm Sale in "as is" condition, ex location Seevetal, without freight and packing, subject to prior sale

Condition: good (used), Heidelberg Eurobind 500 Perfect Binder Machine in very good condition, low mileage, ready for operation. From a state-owned printing house. Manufacturer’s description: Fgjdozaz Nxepfx Ag Aoc Professional binder for perfect paperback binding. This fully automatic binder features an exceptionally sturdy design and is equipped with a hot glue gun, making it effective even for small and very small quantities of booklets or pages. The Heidelberg Eurobind 500 is a single-jaw binder with automatic cover feeding, which, operated by a single person, delivers impeccably bound books of consistently high quality. It binds books with a thickness of 2 to 50 mm and a spine length of 120 to 320 mm, with a maximum output of up to 500 books per hour. Integrated milling cutter Automatic cover feeding and creasing. The set includes documentation, waste extraction, a compressor, and an electric book delivery system.

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7614 Technical data: - Inlet width: 550 mm - Inlet height: 220 mm - Shaft width: 630 mm - Knife length: 630 mm - Number of knives: 2 pcs - Sieve dimensions: 60x60 mm - 2 lower toothed feed shafts - Lower shaft motor approx. 1.5 kW - Upper toothed feed shaft - Upper shaft motor approx. 1.5 kW Fedpfeza Eipox Ag Aegc - Vibrating chute - Vibrating chute length: 4750 mm - Vibrating chute width: 450 mm - Main motor: 45 kW - Vibrating chute motor: 1.5 kW - Auto-reverse - Reverse mode - Overall machine dimensions L/W/H: 3200x1700x1400 mm - Overall machine dimensions L/W/H: 4750x800x1100 mm - Weight approx.: 4500 kg ADVANTAGES – Auto-reverse (adjustable) – Reverse mode – Used chipper, in very good condition Net price: 120,900 PLN Net price: 28,780 EUR (depending on the 4.2 EUR exchange rate) (Prices subject to change with significant exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), PANHANS long-hole drilling machine Drilling table size 520 x 290 mm Max. drilling depth approx. 130 mm Max. drilling length approx. 240 mm Height adjustment approx. 135 mm Drill spindle speed 3000 rpm Motor power 1.5 kW, 400 V, 50 Hz Space requirement approx. L x W = 900 x 1100 mm Weight approx. 220 kg 2-lever operation WESCOTT drill chuck 20 mm Dowel drilling device with 4 grids (16, 22, 25, 32 mm) Miter stop, adjustable by 45° 2 workpiece clamps Height adjustment with handwheel Motor protection switch with undervoltage release Workpiece stop 1500 mm Including test report for conformity with Section 4 of the AM-VO (German Ordinance on Machinery) Space requirement approx. 950 mm x 1000 mm x 1300 mm Weight approx. 200 kg Note regarding used machines: • Subject to errors in technical specifications and prior sale. • Quoted prices are ex-works prices, collection only - free loading! • The machine has been cleaned and function-tested. Fgodpoza Dx Njfx Ag Aec • All machines are sold as seen, without any warranty claims. The buyer is free to inspect the machine at the location. • Special agreements are only possible in written form. (We only answer inquiries if you provide your address + telephone number!)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, Table size: 1340 x 800 mm + table extensions Table height: 870 mm Control panel at eye level Swivel range: -5 - 45° Aigner integral stop Spindle speeds: 3000 / 4500 / 6000 / 9000 1/min Vertical adjustment: 120 mm Milling arbor: 30 mm / MK 5 Fedpfjzb N T Ijx Ag Aegc Dust extraction port: 2x 120 mm Weight: approx. 1000 kg Storage location: Supplier

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, Planing width: 410 mm Infeed table: 1620 mm Fjdpezb N Tzofx Ag Asgc Outfeed table: 1170 mm Overall length: 2850 mm Motor: 4 kW Speed: 5000 rpm Space required: 2950 x 1260 mm Weight: approx. 850 kg Location: Supplier

Year of construction: 2020, condition: new, Double-sided mitre stop Year of manufacture: 2020 For fast and stepless production of mitre cuts on narrow and short workpieces at any angle from 0° to 90° For crosscuts up to 1375 mm Easy handling and quick installation on the saw's roller carriage Suitable for Panhans models 680_10_20 Conversion kit for other models available on request Availability: short-term Fgedpfxskwhals Ag Aec Location: Hochheim

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2023, Used machine Year of manufacture 2023 Technical data: Sliding table length 3200 mm Cut length sliding table 3200 mm Cutting height at 90° max. 155 mm at 46° max. 105 mm Cutting width at rip fence 1250 mm Length stop on cross slide extendable up to 3500 mm Saw blade diameter max. 450 mm Saw blade diameter (retractable under table) ø 400 mm Table size cast iron table top 1200 x 655 mm Table extension plus 750 x 655 mm Table widening 1430 x 940 mm Table height / working height +/- 20 mm 900 mm Motor power 5.5 kW / 7.5 HP Main saw blade speed 3000 / 4000 / 5000 / 6000 rpm Voltage 400 V / 50 Hz Space requirement 7000 x 3500 mm Weight approx. 1150 kg Options: Motor 7.5 kW Tele-Digit length stop With central digital wireless display 0.1 mm in the low-power system for both stop flaps up to 3000 mm instead of the standard length stop Double-sided miter stop DSG A For angle cuts 0° – 90° on the aluminum double sliding table, length and angle measurement adjustable via scale; for cross cutting up to 1375 mm with length compensation for preferred angles 5°, 10°, 15°, 22.5°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 67.5°, incl. splitter wood, wall holder and an additional factor scale for easy calculation of incorrect miters for different workpiece widths Swivel device for the cross slide Quick ergonomic pushing into the park position 2 clamping clamps for sliding table Current list price: 46254.- Fodjw Nacvjpfx Ag Asgc Availability: short-term Storage location: Flörsheim

Condition: excellent (used), Price quoted per unit. Professional LeCroy 9354AL digital oscilloscope designed for advanced measurements and diagnostics of electronic circuits. The device is equipped with 4 measurement channels, a 500 MHz bandwidth, and a high sampling rate, making it suitable for research laboratories, electronics service centers, industrial automation, and R&D departments. Technical specifications: • Manufacturer: LeCroy • Model: 9354AL • Type: digital oscilloscope • Bandwidth: 500 MHz Fjdpfxozaf Ske Ag Aegc • 4 measurement channels • Sampling rate up to 2 GS/s • Acquisition memory up to 8 Mpts • BNC inputs • Built-in CRT screen Condition: Used device, fully functional. The oscilloscope starts up correctly and displays waveforms. Normal signs of wear and tear are visible, resulting from use and storage. Note: One of the plastic housing elements at the back has a crack. The damage is purely cosmetic and does not affect the device's operation or performance parameters.

Condition: used, power: 5.5 kW (7.48 HP), cutting width (max.): 1,300 mm, saw blade diameter: 450 mm, tilt adjustment saw blade: 45 °, rotational speed (max.): 6,500 rpm, rotational speed (min.): 4,000 rpm, total length: 2,700 mm, total width: 3,150 mm, total height: 1,700 mm, overall weight: 800 kg, No. 3277 Sliding table saw Panhans 684 Used Sliding table length 2600 mm Max. saw blade diameter 450 mm Cutting width 1300 mm Motor 5.5 kW Speeds 4000 / 5000 / 6500 rpm Manual saw blade tilting 0° - 45° Cross table approx. 1430 x 540 mm LW Fgedpfx Aozcc R Neg Ajc Transport dimensions approx. 2700 x 3150 x 1700 mm LWH Weight approx. 800 kg Sale on behalf of customer, ex location near 71063 Sindelfingen, without dismantling, without transport and assembly Dismantling, loading, and transport by us optionally available Subject to errors in the description and price To avoid possible misunderstandings, an on-site inspection by appointment is possible and recommended Sold as is Technical specifications, condition description, year of construction and scope of delivery according to manufacturer’s brochure or previous owner, without guarantee Subject to prior sale For used machines, any warranty is excluded, the following applies: “sold as seen” Photos and videos serve as examples and do not represent the actual scope of delivery Payment terms: Prices plus VAT, payment before collection or shipment Delivery terms: ex location

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, Cutting length: 4200 mm Cutting width: 3200 mm Max. saw blade protrusion: with blade vertical at 0° = 70 mm with blade tilted at 45° = 50 mm Feed speed forward: 0-80 m/min. Feed speed reverse: 100 m/min. Weight: approx. 5400 kg. Motor power: 14 kW Scoring saw: 1.5 kW Tool: diameter: 350 mm bore: 30 mm Extraction port (bottom): 140 mm Extraction port (pressure beam): 100 mm Storage location: Supplier Fgodpjyf Nu Tsfx Ag Aec

Condition: good (used), Renz Autobind AB 700 + KAS 500 Semi-Automatic Spiral Binding Machine Fjdpoy Tu Rqjfx Ag Ajgc Machine in very good condition, ready to operate. Efficient semi-automatic machine for the production of calendars, notebooks, and other metal spiral-bound products. Fast operation Spin diameters range from 3/16″ to 1 1/8″ Working width up to 700 mm Crimping thickness approx. 23 mm Capacity up to 1200 cycles/hour The semi-automatic machine unwinds the spiral from the spool, counts the stitches, cuts the spiral to the pre-set stitch count, and transfers the spiral section to the crimping area. The operator places the pre-perforated calendar on the table. The calendar is automatically transferred to the crimping area by pressing the pedal. Includes a KAS 500 hanger feeder Power supply: 230V + compressed air Weight: 615 kg.

Condition: good (used), Renz ABL-500 Automatic Spiral Binding Machine A powerful machine for the production of calendars, notebooks, and other metal spiral-bound products. The machine automatically feeds the spiral, cuts the spiral into pre-defined lengths, inserts the hanger, and clamps the binding. Max. feeder size: 500 x 700mm Min. feeder size: 70 x 135mm Max. thickness: 15mm Table with folded sheet feeder Automatic hanger loading and mounting Automatic wire pick-up from the roll with wire spacer removal Closing module Delivery Central controller for the entire machine Capacity up to 2500 cycles/h 380V power supply + compressed air The machine has a central lubrication system. Weighs 1300kg Fgsdey Tu Rkepfx Ag Ajc Includes many additional components, tools, and documentation.

Condition: good (used), Welding rotary table KT 500, with 100mm through hole Load horizontal 500 KG, tilted 250 KG Power consumption AC 380V, 50 Hz Rotary motor AC 400W table diameter 700mm height 700mm, width 800mm, length 800mm Fjdjb U Havjpfx Ag Asgc Weight 155 KG Tilt range stepless electric 0 - 90 speed 0,3 - 2,5 rpm Welding current transmission max. 500 A Incl. hand remote control foot remote control Surcharge: Quick clamping - jaw chuck Diameter 400mm, 530.-€ CE-sign/approval