Used Liebherr Lr 1160 for sale (230)

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, power: 44 kW (59.82 HP), fuel type: diesel, operation weight: 6,900 kg, Year of construction: 1995, operating hours: 2,700 h, Liebherr L508 / FUG 93 wheel loader Year of manufacture: 1995 2,700 operating hours Approx. 6,900 kg 44 kW Deutz 4-cylinder engine 3rd hydraulic circuit 25 km/h road approval Nwjdpfowxtnrjx Ah Rjd Transport dimensions: 5.85 x 2.0 x 2.85 m

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, power: 72 kW (97.89 HP), overall weight: 10,000 kg, Year of construction: 1999, operating hours: 13,000 h, Liebherr L514 Stereo wheel loader Year of manufacture: 1999 13,000 operating hours 72 kW diesel engine approx. 10,000 kg 20 km/h Fork + bucket Nodpfew Tlzfex Ah Rewd Hydraulic quick coupler Transport dimensions: 6.90 x 2.49 x 3.10 m

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, power: 150 kW (203.94 HP), empty load weight: 36,000 kg, Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 10,000 h, Equipment: air conditioning, gripper hydraulics, hammer hydraulics, Liebherr R934 C HDS Crawler Excavator Year of manufacture: 2007 Nwjdpfxoxq A Dks Ah Rjd 10,000 operating hours Approx. 36,000 kg 150 kW Liebherr engine, 4 cylinders OQ 70/55 SW fully hydraulic quick coupler All hydraulic lines installed Extended monoblock boom Air conditioning Central lubrication system 140 cm digging bucket

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 25,000 kg, wheel width: 3,000 mm, feed length X-axis: 1,000 mm, LIEBHERR L3002 CNC Internal and External Gear Hobber Built 1982, Modernized 2006 CNC SIEMENS 840 D. Max Wheel diameter 3,000 mm. Nwodpfx Aewdmy Esh Rjd Max helical angle 45° Internal and external Head. 44/50 kW.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 7,829 h, Beautiful machine – top specification! Liebherr Wheel Loader L 542P 2 plus 1 Serial No.: VATZ1269KZB036900 Year of manufacture: 2015 Operating hours: approx. 7,829 Machine delivered: 24/04/2015 Last recorded service: 27/06/2019 at 2,500 hours Liebherr 4-cylinder inline engine, water-cooled with turbocharging and intercooler, 156 HP Hydrostatic drive with 3 speed ranges Travel range 1: 0 – 6.0 km/h Travel range A1-2: 0 – 16.0 km/h Travel range A1-3: 0 – 36.0 (40) km/h * Automatic climate control – maintains the set temperature Nwjdpeyumpmjfx Ah Rsd * BSS ride vibration damper (oscillation damping) * Central lubrication system – Liebherr factory install * 3rd and 4th hydraulic control circuit, e.g. for high tip bucket, grapple bucket, sweeper, etc. * Joystick lever lock * Sweeper equipment – with free return line + power socket at loader arm * Reversing camera with monitor in display * Industrial axles with 100% differential lock * Engine air intake via TOP-AIR pre-filter * Access aid for easier cleaning of windscreen (step) * Premium touchscreen display * Comfort driver's seat with pneumatic suspension * Seat heating * Heated exterior mirrors * Steering wheel adjustable in tilt and height * Left-hand opening window in the door * 4 x LED work lights on cab roof front * 4 x additional LED work lights on cab roof rear * Lint screen over cooling pack prevents contamination * Reversible fan for cleaning radiators (fan runs in reverse) * Radiators with coarse mesh for easier cleaning * External coolant pre-heater with 220V plug * Amber beacon, cab roof centre * Battery master switch * Radio with USB * Fire extinguisher * Rear towing coupling * Automatic engine shut-off after 5 minutes at idle speed * Rear bumper/ballast weight reinforced Permissible total weight: 17,000 kg; Unladen weight approx. 15,000 kg Length: 7,200 mm; Width: 2,500 mm; Height: 3,280 mm Tyres: 20.5 x 25 VA L4 – 95% - like new; 20.5 x 25 HA L4 – 95% - like new Offer includes hydraulic quick coupler + 2.8 cbm bucket: €61,300 net * Optional equipment available at extra charge: * High tip bucket from 3 – 5.5 cubic metres from €4,900 * 4-in-1 bucket (grapple/dozer bucket) * Grapple bucket 3 cubic metres €4,350 * High-capacity bucket 5 cubic metres €3,990 * Pallet forks (5 tonnes) €2,190 * Pallet forks (8 tonnes) €3,450 * Also available with onboard scales at extra charge: * Pfreundt WK 50 €3,900 * Pfreundt WK 60 €5,900 All prices are net export/international, plus 19% VAT for domestic customers. Transport to your location can be arranged. Sale to commercial customers or export only. Sold as-is, as seen. No warranty or guarantee. Kilometre and hour readings are based on instrument displays, we do not guarantee their accuracy! Subject to prior sale. This vehicle description does not constitute a binding offer. The provided information does not represent guaranteed properties/features. Description and details are for general vehicle identification only and do not constitute a warranty in the legal sense. Completeness of information is not guaranteed.

Year of construction: 2012, condition: used, max. wheel diameter 180 mm gear width ca. 220 mm max. module 3 / 5 mm Control Siemens 840D sl max. radial velocity 5000 mm/min max. workpiece diameter 180 mm table rotation speed 800 U/min table diameter 145 mm axial travel 250 mm mm axial travel 300 mm clamping force max. 13 kN swivelable +/- 45 ° drive capacity 23 kW turning speeds 6000 U/min diameter of tools max. 90 mm tool clamping length max. 211 mm module hobbing max. 3 module profile milling max. 5 tangential speed max. 7500 mm/min weight of the machine ca. 9,5 t Nodpfx Aheymf Das Rewd dimensions of the machine ca. 4,5 x 3,5 x 2,7 m Equipment / Accessories: - The machine is equipped for dry milling. - workpiece magazine - parallel gripper: - workpiece weight form-fit max. 15 kg - workpiece length max. 400 mm

Condition: used, mileage: 1 km, power: 1 kW (1.36 HP), first registration: 07/2012, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 21,000 kg, axle configuration: > 3 axles, next inspection (TÜV): 03/2028, color: green, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro5, Year of construction: 2012, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, Internal vehicle number: G300402_Concrete German vehicle Located at our yard in Kaufungen - Kassel, available immediately More information at * Luis Lucena (German, English, Spanish, French) * Viktoria Sologubova (Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, English) Liebherr concrete mixer 10 m³ Year of manufacture: 2012 Gross vehicle weight: 32,000 kg Unladen weight: 6,530 kg Errors excepted Nsdpexy Umcofx Ah Rewd We are happy to take your used vehicle in part exchange. Financing available directly through us. GOLEC COMMERCIAL VEHICLES GMBH We speak: German, English, Spanish, Polish, Ukrainian, Russian, Bulgarian. ----.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, max. wheel diameter 380 mm gear width 540 mm max. module 7 Control SINUMERIK 840 D Axial travel 600 mm table diameter 317 mm table speeds 100 U/min milling head -swivable + / - 35 Grad milling spindle drive 27,00 kW milling spindle speeds (infinitely variable) 1500 U/min diameter of hob 160 mm cutter length max. 330 mm cutter speeds max. 3000 1/min hob dia. - max. 160 mm swarf cutter lenght - max. 330 mm tangential travel max. 300 mm 10.000 mm/min tangential speed max. 3000 mm/min 7.500 mm/min oil volume 100 l coolant capacity 780 l Counterholder movement 540 mm total power requirement 50,00 kW weight of the machine ca. 16,00 t dimensions of the machine ca. 6,00 x 4,50 x H3,50 m for the following processes: axial hobbing, Nodpfx Ahsyt Rvho Rswd individual part milling, Worm wheel milling, roofing, deburring; NC tailstock

Condition: used, mileage: 1,85,652 km, power: 240 kW (326.31 HP), first registration: 10/2011, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 36,000 kg, axle configuration: 8x6, fuel: diesel, color: yellow, driver cabin: other, gearing type: other, emission class: none, suspension: other, total length: 10,400 mm, Year of construction: 2011, construction height: 3,900 mm, This used Liebherr LTC 1045-3.1 is a powerful truck with crane superstructure, ideal for commercial applications. The crane was manufactured in 2011 and has a mileage of 185,652 km. Powered by a robust diesel 6x6 drive, the truck delivers 240 kW (326 hp) and a displacement of 7,201 cc, ensuring reliable performance and high efficiency. Njdpfx Ahsxvfa Sj Rswd The vehicle is accident-free and features a yellow paint finish. It comes equipped with a green emissions sticker (Euro 4), allowing operation in urban environments. The crane supports various loading options and is perfectly suited for construction sites or other specialized operations. A Certificate of Conformity (CoC) is available, and all technical data has been determined to the best of our knowledge. Viewings are possible Monday to Friday and on Saturdays. If interested or for further questions, please contact us by phone or email. Registration service and delivery within Germany are available at an additional cost. Sale to commercial customers only (agriculture, freelancers, small and large businesses) or for export. Subject to prior sale and errors excepted.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, Liebherr A924b-957 litronic TIER 3 OVERHAULED Year of manufacture: 2007 Liebherr engine 127kW Tier 3 / EPA 8 solid tyres 10.00-20 Gumasol Dozer blade Industrial mono boom 6.80m Industrial angled stick 5m Operator's cab hydraulically elevating Cabin with front protection grille Nwsdpfx Ahjyt Idpe Rod Radio system Air-suspended driver's seat Positioning swing brake Lift cylinder damping Lift cylinder with pipe rupture protection Overload warning device Generator drive mounting kit DRIVELINE WARRANTY

Condition: used, power: 220 kW (299.12 HP), fuel type: diesel, color: yellow, Year of construction: 2018, operating hours: 6,203 h, Equipment: air conditioning, Technical information Track width: 70 cm AdBlue system: Yes Make of engine: D936 A7-24 Empty weight: 41.800 kg Identification Serial number: WLHZ1491CZC046988 Other information Emission level: Stage V / Tier IV final Delivery terms: EXW Transport dimensions (LxWxH): 11,4x3,45x3,3 Njdpfoymv Upex Ah Rewd Production country: FR Additional information Please contact Jeroen Heindryckx, Bart Apers or Matthias Eyckmans for more information = Additional options and accessories = - Ad blue - Additional hydraulics - Auto / hydraulic quick coupler - Auto lubrication system - Battery disconnector - Hammer/shear hydr. circuit - Hammer hydr. function - Hammer protection circuit - Joystick control - Machine control system - Rotating beacon - Safety line rupture valve - boom/hoist - Safety line rupture valve - dipper/stick - Shear hydraulic - Standard digging bucket - Steel tracks = Remarks = undercarriage renewed at 5560 hours.

Condition: used, power: 150 kW (203.94 HP), gearing type: automatic, fuel type: diesel, color: yellow, Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 5,500 h, Equipment: air conditioning, Technical information Track width: 71,1 cm Nwsdpfoymv Ucox Ah Red Empty weight: 25.000 kg Drivetrain AdBlue system: Yes Drive: Track Make of engine: D934 A7-04 Functional CE mark: yes Identification Serial number: VAUZ1155CZT015868 Other information EPA Marked: yes Emission level: Stage V / Tier IV final Delivery terms: EXW Transport dimensions (LxWxH): 7,3x4,03x3,5 Production country: DE Additional information Please contact Jeroen Heindryckx, Bart Apers or Matthias Eyckmans for more information = Additional options and accessories = - Ad blue - Additional hydraulics - Low ground pressure

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 5,574 h, Liebherr L556 wheel loader, year of manufacture: 2016, operating hours: 5,574 h, bucket, onboard weighing system with printer, central lubrication system, rear view camera, engine: Liebherr [165 kW / 225 hp], weight: 18,400 kg, immediately operational. We are happy to offer you a leasing or financing solution upon request. Mr. Mihm (phone) will be pleased to assist you. For more information, please visit our website. Subject to errors and prior sale! = Further Information = Please contact Tobias Ebert for more details. Nwjdpfx Ahoytmlxj Rjd

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1963, Technical details: max. wheel diameter: 900 mm max. module: 10 weight of the machine ca.: 8200 kos. hob dia. - max.: 190 mm Nwodpfxjvkpu Ho Ah Rod cutter length max.: 320 mm milling spindle speeds (infinitely variable): 13-80 U/min workpiece length - max.: 750 mm max. workpiece diameter: 150 mm Counter holder milling mandrel is missing *

Condition: used, mileage: 45,700 km, Year of construction: 2005, Drivetrain Drive: Wheel Weights Empty weight: 36.000 kg Functional Lifting capacity: 45.000 kg Identification Serial number: 53517 Nwsdpfx Aoyl Huqsh Rsd Other information Front tyres / undercarriage remaining: 70 Rear tyres remaining : 70 Tyre brand: - Carrier engine: - Upper engine: - Upper hours: 23085 h Counterweight: 7000 Transport dimensions (LxWxH): 11.5x2.7x3.9 Additional information Please contact PFEIFER GROUP for more information

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2010, operating hours: 8,000 h, Orderly machine Liebherr L 514 Z Stereo Stereo Loader (articulated steering + rear axle steering – extremely manoeuvrable!!!) Year of manufacture: 2010 Nodpfx Aheyqn Ene Rewd Original operating hours: 8000 Chassis number: VATZ 1115CZB025518 Tyres 17.5 x 25 at 40% (with nails + screws – but still airtight!) Power: 72 kW (98 HP) Total weight: 10,500 kg Air conditioning 3rd hydraulic control circuit for auxiliary equipment such as high-tip bucket, bucket with clamp, silage block cutter, etc. 2 work lights on the cab roof, front Battery isolator switch, comfort driver's seat with suspension Warning beacon at rear of cab (top) Road registration Hydrostatic travel drive with 2 speeds Width: 2400 mm Net price including hydraulic quick coupler and 1.6 cubic metre bucket: €36,500 Additional equipment available at extra cost: 5-ton pallet fork from €2,190 High-tip bucket from €3,250 Volume bucket All prices are net ex stock plus 19% VAT or for export! We are happy to offer transport to your location. Sale exclusively to commercial customers or for export. Sold as seen, in its current condition. No warranty or guarantee. The specified mileage or operating hours are as read from the odometer/hour meter; we do not guarantee their accuracy! Subject to prior sale. The vehicle description does not constitute a binding offer, and the information provided does not represent warranted characteristics. The description and the details provided serve only for general identification of the vehicle and do not constitute a guarantee as defined by sales law. The information does not claim to be complete. The specifications/descriptions and photos are non-binding and do not constitute warranted characteristics. Only the arrangements in the order confirmation and invoice are valid. The seller assumes no liability/warranty. The listing may contain typographical or data transfer errors. The seller has not inspected the machine. Equipment must be checked separately if necessary. We are also happy to take your vehicle in part exchange. For further questions, please feel free to contact us. For our international customers, we handle all customs and export documents for smooth overseas delivery.

Condition: used, mileage: 53,318 km, lifting height: 1,10,000 mm, Year of construction: 2018, Drivetrain Nodpfxewz Ut Ij Ah Rowd Drive: Wheel Weights Empty weight: 60.000 kg Functional Lifting capacity: 250.000 kg Identification Serial number: 088666 Other information Front tyres / undercarriage remaining: 90 Rear tyres remaining : 90 Tyre brand: - Carrier engine: - Upper engine: - Counterweight: 0 Transport dimensions (LxWxH): 15.86x2.99x3.99 Additional information Please contact PFEIFER GROUP for more information

Condition: used, axle configuration: 2 axles, first registration: 03/2013, suspension: air, tire size: 425/65R22.5, wheelbase: 1,320 mm, Year of construction: 2013, Applicable material: Concrete Suspension: air suspension Rear axle 1: Tyre size: 425/65R22.5 Rear axle 2: Tyre size: 425/65R22.2 Drive: Wheel Empty weight: 7.360 kg Nwedpsuc Az Ssfx Ah Rod Carrying capacity: 31.040 kg GVW: 38.400 kg Make of bodywork: LIEBHERR

Condition: used, mileage: 67,400 km, lifting height: 59,100 mm, Year of construction: 2018, Drivetrain Drive: Wheel Weights Empty weight: 48.000 kg Functional Lifting capacity: 8.000 kg Nsdpfxotr Nuqs Ah Rswd Identification Serial number: 076646 Other information Front tyres / undercarriage remaining: 0 Rear tyres remaining : 0 Tyre brand: - Carrier engine: - Upper engine: Perkins Counterweight: 0 Transport dimensions (LxWxH): 16.85x2.75x4 Additional information Please contact PFEIFER GROUP for more information

Condition: used, mileage: 1,59,620 km, Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 28,594 h, Drivetrain Drive: Wheel Njdpfxsylgxve Ah Rewd Weights Empty weight: 36.000 kg Functional Lifting capacity: 45.000 kg Identification Serial number: 53304 Other information Front tyres / undercarriage remaining: 70 Rear tyres remaining : 70 Tyre brand: - Carrier engine: - Upper engine: - Upper hours: 16348 h Counterweight: 0 Transport dimensions (LxWxH): 11.5x2.7x3.9 Additional information Please contact PFEIFER GROUP for more information

Condition: used, axle configuration: 2 axles, first registration: 07/2009, suspension: air, tire size: 425/65R22.5, wheelbase: 1,310 mm, Year of construction: 2009, Applicable material: Concrete Nwsdpfsuc Enzox Ah Rod Tyre size: 425/65R22.5 Suspension: air suspension Drive: Wheel Empty weight: 8.420 kg Carrying capacity: 27.580 kg GVW: 36.000 kg Make of bodywork: LIEBHERR

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1981, max. wheel diameter 36 mm gear width 36 mm max. module 10 Njdoyi Hwyjpfx Ah Rewd total power requirement 12 kW weight of the machine ca. 11,2 t

Condition: used, mileage: 1,01,064 km, Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 1 h, Drivetrain Drive: Wheel Nwsdpfxetr Ibyo Ah Rod Weights Empty weight: 50.760 kg Functional Lifting capacity: 70.000 kg Identification Serial number: 060 676 Other information Front tyres / undercarriage remaining: 80 Rear tyres remaining : 80 Tyre brand: Michellin Carrier engine: - Upper engine: - Upper hours: 8815 h Counterweight: 14500 Transport dimensions (LxWxH): 12.51x2.75x3.9 Additional information Please contact PFEIFER GROUP for more information

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, operating hours: 3,229 h, Liebherr L 538 Z 2plus1 Z-lift frame – as new – Regularly serviced by Liebherr. Delivered to customer on 29/03/2019 * 1st service at 485 hours on 30/03/2020 * 2nd service at 928 hours on 08/01/2021 * 3rd service at 1425 hours on 27/08/2021 * 4th service at 2520 hours on 20/03/2023 Chassis No. VATZ1559JZB53233 Year of manufacture: 2019 Operating hours: approx. 3,229 Lift frame with Z-kinematics – earthmoving 4-cylinder inline engine 111 kW/151 HP, water-cooled, turbocharged, emission stage 4 Length 7,200 mm, machine width: 2,500 mm, height: 3,280 mm Nodpfx Asyrzn Esh Rewd Hydrostatic drive with 3-speed transmission Special equipment: * Ride vibration damping BSS – lift frame damping * Central lubrication system, Liebherr factory installed * Automatic climate control (maintains set temperature automatically) * Steel lighting bracket instead of plastic * Access aid in front of windscreen for easier cleaning * Premium touchscreen display * Opening window in cab door * "Comfort" driver’s seat with pneumatic suspension, seat heating, and headrest * Adjustable steering column * Comfort radio with hands-free kit * Automatic bucket return * 3rd hydraulic circuit for attachments such as high-tip bucket, sweeper, grapple bucket, etc. * 2 rear LED work lights on cab roof * 4 front LED work lights on cab roof * Engine air intake with pre-separator for preliminary air cleaning * Programmable lift and lowering speed * Tilt cylinder rod protection * Automatic fueling pump with auto shut-off * Road approval Tyres: 20.5 x 25 L3, front axle 2 x 50% * Tyres: 20.5 x 25 L3, rear axle 2 x 50% (The tyres shown in the photos are fitted only for transport) Also available with agricultural tread – see photo no. or earthmover tread – see photo no. * Automatic self-locking differentials, 45% locking value, on both axles Net price with fixed 2.5 m³ bucket: €93,500 net plus VAT Optional equipment at extra cost: * Quick coupler incl. hydraulic preinstallation: €3,550 * High-tip bucket 3–4 m³ * 4-in-1 bucket (grapple/levelling bucket) 2 m³: €3,950 * High-volume bucket 5 m³: €3,990 * Pallet forks, 5 tons from €2,190 (8 ton option available) Available with on-board scale at extra cost: * Pfreundt WK 60: €5,900 Note: The brochure specification only partially matches this machine: – This machine has emission stage IV, brochure shows stage V. All prices are net export – with valid number and papers. Sale only to businesses or for export. Sale in current condition as the machine is. No guarantee or warranty. The stated odometer or operating hours readings are from the respective counter; no guarantee for accuracy. Subject to prior sale. This vehicle description does not constitute a binding offer and the information provided does not constitute guaranteed features. Description and information serve solely for vehicle identification and are not a warranty.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, Equipment: all wheel drive, Liebherr L 538 P 2plus1 Mast: high-lift Year of manufacture: 2020 Operating hours: approx. 13,566 All servicing carried out by Liebherr and documented in the system up to 12,549 hrs as of 16.09.2025. 4-cylinder inline engine, 111 kW / 155 hp, water-cooled with turbocharging, emissions Stage IV Operating weight approx. 14,500 kg | Permissible total weight: 17,000 kg Hydrostatic drive with 3-speed gearbox Rear collision protection (reinforced bumper / heavier counterweight) Automatic central lubrication system, factory-installed by Liebherr Automatic climate control—keeps the set temperature automatically 3rd and 4th hydraulic control circuits for attachments, e.g., high-tip bucket, grapple bucket, etc. Ride control (BSS) — mast damping Access aid in front of windscreen for easier cleaning Lint screen to prevent radiator contamination Wide-mesh radiator core for easier radiator cleaning Reversing fan for cleaning radiators (reverse mode) Air filter with pre-cleaner (TopAIR) for pre-filtering intake air Premium display with touchscreen “Comfort” driver’s seat with pneumatic suspension and seat heating Left armrest Steering column adjustable in height and tilt Comfort radio with hands-free function Steel front headlight carrier instead of plastic 2 LED work lights at rear cab roof 2 LED work lights at front cab roof Sun blinds at front and rear Adaptive work lighting incl. additional headlamp on front frame Mast with end position damping Programmable lift and lower automation Tilt cylinder with piston rod guard Automatic engine shutdown after 5 minutes at idle Defects: reversing camera not working, windscreen cracked · Speed limit 20 km/h can be adjusted via Liebherr! Tyres: 20.5 x 25 VA (front axle) 2x 30% * 20.5 x 25 HA (rear axle) 2x 30% Nwodpfoyrznxjx Ah Rod Automatic self-locking differentials, 45% locking ratio on both axles Price with quick coupler and standard bucket: €59,900 Available at extra cost: High-tip bucket from 3 to 4.5 cubic meters 4-in-1 bucket (grab/levelling bucket) 2 m³ €3,950 Bucket with hydraulic clamp (grapple bucket) €4,350 High-capacity bucket 5 m³ €3,990 Pallet forks 5 tonnes from €2,190 (optionally for 8 t as well) * Also available with on-board weighing system at additional cost: * Pfreundt WK 50 €3,900 * Pfreundt WK 60 * Prices include installation All prices net for export | Domestic sales subject to 19% VAT. We are happy to arrange transport to your location. Sale only to businesses or for export. Sale as-is, in current condition as seen. No warranty or guarantee. The specified mileage or operating hours are as read from the odometer/hour meter, we do not guarantee their accuracy! Subject to prior sale. The vehicle description is non-binding and should not be regarded as a guarantee of specific features. All details are for general identification purposes only and do not constitute a warranty under sales law. Details are not guaranteed to be complete. All data/descriptions and images are non-binding and do not represent warranted characteristics. Only the terms set out in the order confirmation and invoice apply.