Used Unispa Dividing Head for sale (9,573)

Condition: new, Type 300 Brush roll width 320 mm Gsdpfxjfhnx So Anxjub Brush roll diametre 300 mm Working part 300 mm Drum diameter 180mm Spindle 35 mm Transport dimensions 330x300x300 mm Weight 5,2 kg

Condition: excellent (used), 1 used, very well-preserved universal milling head system "HURON" with automatic 2.5° indexing on 1 axis, internal coolant supply through the spindle, and hydraulic tool clamping Manufacturer: CME, Origin Spain Model: FS Spindle mounting: DIN 69871 AD, ISO 50 Maximum speed range: up to 4,000 rpm Maximum drive power: 22/30 kW Weight: approx. 300 kg This high-quality milling head was used as a loaner milling head and was only put into operation for repair purposes while the other milling head was being repaired and overhauled. Siegfried Volz Werkzeugmaschinen Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 DE - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel Godpfx Ajyf Uqtjnxoub

Condition: excellent (used), 1 used, very well-preserved universal milling head, "HURON" system, with hydraulic tool clamping Manufacturer: EMENA - MTE, Origin Spain Model: VAR 3 - BF, BM, KOMPAKT Technical Data: Spindle mounting: ISO 50 Overhang: 358 mm Max. speed range: 3000 rpm Max. drive power: 22 kW Mounting flange: Outer diameter: Ø 306 mm Dimensions (L x W x H): 460 x 306 x 360 mm Weight: approx. 150 kg Accessories / Special Features: • 2-axis swiveling, "HURON" system • Hydraulic tool clamping • Suitable for retrofitting to conventional, NC or CNC milling machines (e.g. MTE, LAGUN, CORREA, ZAYER, CME, AYCE, SACEM, JUARISTI, UNION, ARSENAL, ...) or any type of boring mill, ... This high-quality milling head was used as a rental milling head and was only employed for repair purposes while the other milling head was being serviced and overhauled. Siegfried Volz Werkzeugmaschinen Gusdsyc Eizepfx Anxjb Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 DE - 44143 Dortmund-Wambel

Condition: excellent (used), 1 used, very well-maintained universal milling head for retrofitting to conventional, NC, or CNC milling machines or boring mills of any kind, "HURON" system, swivels across 2 axes, every angle adjustable. Spindle taper ISO 50 Reach approx. 360 mm Rated drive power 10 HP Max. speed 1800 rpm Weight approx. 82 kg Accessories / Special features: • Manual tool clamping • Main spindle and all shafts/gears are made from case-hardened and tempered chrome-nickel steel • Two rotatable axes for infinitely adjustable angles! "HURON" system • Conical gears are ground according to the "KLINGELNBERG" system • The main spindle rolling bearings are high-precision tapered roller bearings • 1 pull stud for tool retention Gsdpfx Asyc Ei Uenxeub This high-quality milling head was used as a loaner head and only deployed for repair purposes when the main head was being serviced or overhauled. Siegfried Volz Werkzeugmaschinen Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 DE - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel

Year of construction: 2022, condition: used, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 026702200004, Double-head automatic saw Blade diameter: 420 mm Gusdpfxjy Sac Ne Anxob Barcode printer

Year of construction: 2018, condition: excellent (used), Spindle ISO 50 (DIN-69871-B) Pull studs DIN-69872-B Clamping force 1900 daN Automatic B Axis 1.0 Degrees Automatic C Axis 2.5 Degrees Power 60/100 % 22/30 kW Godpoyf Dp Eefx Anxeub Speeds 60 - 3000 2 Speed Range Automatic lubrication (Air-Oil) Gear; ZykloPalloid, Klingelnberg-System, HPG-5 Qulaity-6 with DIN3965 Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Year of construction: 2019, condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, For sale: SCHTEC WM740 four-head automatic welding machine, rarely used and in like-new condition, including WM620 corner cleaning automaton, cooling station, and automatic turning arm. If purchased together with the SMC350 machining center and Pressta two-head automatic screwing unit, which are also listed in your advertisements, the package price is EUR 180,000. For further information, please feel free to contact me. Gedpfx Aeyzimcsnxeub

Condition: good (used), Hang 87F 3-Head Eyeletter with Extraction Manufacturer: Hang Germany Very good condition, recently serviced. The machine is used for setting eyelets. Three eyeletting heads with adjustable spacing and the ability to deactivate a specific head. Installed waste extraction system immediately after eyeletting. Cardboard thickness: 0.2-4 mm Throat depth: 300 mm Head spacing: adjustable from 70-320 mm Gusdey Ehl Eepfx Anxsb Cycle time: 0.5 s The machine uses Hang No. 272 ​​rivets. Weight: 570 kg Power supply: 380 V The cycle is initiated by a foot pedal. Eyelets included.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1999, functionality: fully functional, 1x Pfauter PE150 milling head, serial number 27364 1x Pfauter P210L milling head, serial number 29013 Gusdpsy N Df Asfx Anxob Both milling heads are brand new and unused. Available for immediate delivery.

Condition: reconditioned (used), functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, DGUV certified until: 06/2027, type of input current: three-phase, year of last overhaul: 2026, Roll press Fortuna Automat A 3 E + TOP model with moulding deactivation Head cleaning to the rear, electric Dividing head with NEW stainless steel blade Dough divider with 3 moulding plates Robust engineering Power connection: 400V, 16A CEE plug Dimensions: 720 x 800 x 1510 mm (W x D x H) Refurbished used machine with warranty Visit the unique machinery exhibition! Godpfsy Nv Amsx Anxoub

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, Koenig i-Rex Automatic Divider - used - year of manufacture: 2002 Godpfxey Rqxro Anxeub - 4-row - machine from production, technically inspected - new manual control - stainless steel housings - weight range: 30–110 g - 1 rounding drum - collection from warehouse/shipping option available - price on request

Condition: used, Meat without bone, sausages, cheese or fish. Max. deposit length: 1.000 mm Max. Diameter deposit: (l x w): 320 x 130 mm Max. slice thickness: 0,5 – 25 mm Max. number of slices per minute: max. 2.640 Min. product temperature: - 4°C overall dimensions (l x w x h) : ± 2.519 x 962 x 2.137 mm + Gsdpfx Asy Rl Easnxoub Scale + Insert belt

Condition: new, Dittel Marposs WB HEAD-ST50X120 / FC NP TF 0950 / O3PL2024504 Electromagnetic built-in balancing head, SN:O14LW1379, unused, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos Gujdji D Upvopfx Anxeb

Condition: new, Dittel Marposs WB HEAD-ST50X120 / FC NP TF 0950 / O3PL2024504 Electromagnetic built-in balancing head, SN:O14LW1381, unused in opened original packaging, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos Gujdpei D Upyofx Anxsb

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, KRAFT FB-15/20/25/30 Facing Lathe – Factory New · 1,500–3,000 mm Face Plate · CNC or Conventional BRAND NEW KRAFT FB SERIES FACING LATHE — FOR LARGE FACEPLATE WORKPIECES UP TO 2 TONS (OVERHUNG) The KRAFT FB Series is designed for cost-effective machining of large, flat components such as brake discs, flanges, wheels, bearing rings, or drum parts. Four models cover swing diameters from 1,500 to 3,000 mm and permit overhung workpiece weights up to 2 tons, ideal for single-part and medium batch production. Available as conventional or CNC models (Siemens, Fanuc, or Fagor), with or without tailstock, and with longitudinal or cross beds. KEY FEATURES Heavy-Duty Construction - Machine bed cast in one piece from MEHANITE, bed width 450 mm, heavily ribbed - Hardened and stress-relieved bed slideways - Ensures durable, highly precise machining without deformation High-Precision Main Spindle — G1 Accuracy Class - Induction hardened, spindle bore up to 230 mm (option) - Compact spindle housing, widely ribbed for stability Guodpoc Txdhjfx Anxeb Powerful Drive - Spindle motor 22 kW (29 kW option), up to 600 rpm, high torque - Infinitely variable spindle speed as standard CNC-Ready Ex Works - X/Z servomotors by Fanuc or Siemens - Ball screws X: Ø25 P5 C3, Z: Ø40 P10 C5 - Rapid traverse X/Z: 6/8 m/min Overhung Workpiece Machining — The Facing Lathe Advantage - Workpieces are clamped directly on the spindle head, no tailstock required - Optimized for flat, disc-shaped components with large diameters OPTIONS CNC Siemens/Fanuc/Fagor · Constant cutting speed · PARAT toolholder · C-axis & driven tools/milling unit · Tailstock · Spindle bore Ø 230 mm · 29 kW spindle motor MACHINE DATA — FOUR MODELS KRAFT FB-15 - Swing diameter/faceplate: 1,500 mm - Spindle speed: 4–600 rpm - Z travel: 1,000 mm - Servomotors X/Z: β12/3000i 1.8 kW / β22/3000i 3 kW - Weight: approx. 7,000 kg, Dimensions: 2200 × 2200 × 2500 mm KRAFT FB-20 - Swing diameter/faceplate: 2,000 mm - Spindle speed: 4–600 rpm - Z travel: 1,000 mm - Servomotors X/Z: β12/3000i 1.8 kW / β22/3000i 3 kW - Weight: approx. 7,500 kg, Dimensions: 2200 × 2600 × 2750 mm KRAFT FB-25 - Swing diameter/faceplate: 2,500 mm - Spindle speed: 4–400 rpm - Z travel: 1,500 mm - Servomotors X/Z: 1FL6067 2.0 kW / 1FL6092 3.5 kW - Weight: approx. 8,000 kg, Dimensions: 2500 × 3000 × 3100 mm KRAFT FB-30 - Swing diameter/faceplate: 3,000 mm - Spindle speed: 4–400 rpm - Z travel: 1,500 mm - Servomotors X/Z: 1FL6067 2.0 kW / 1FL6092 3.5 kW - Weight: approx. 10,000 kg, Dimensions: 3000 × 3200 × 3350 mm COMMON SPECS FOR ALL SIZES Turning length: 330 mm · Max. workpiece length: 450 mm · Bed width: 450 mm · Overhung workpiece weight: max. 3,000 kg · Cross slide width: 250 mm · X travel: 330 mm · Spindle bore: 155 mm (230 mm opt.) · Spindle nose: A2-11 (A2-15 opt.) · Spindle taper: MT7 · 4 spindle speed ranges · Spindle motor: 22 kW (29 kW opt.) · Rapid traverse (X/Z): 6/8 m/min · 4-position tool turret, tool shank 32 × 32 mm CUSTOMIZED TO YOUR REQUIREMENTS Tell us your specific application — workpiece range, required accuracy, preferred CNC system — and we will configure the FB Series to your needs. Attractive leasing and hire-purchase conditions through our partners. Delivery including installation, commissioning, and operator training available on request.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: B4R87655, input voltage: 230 V, travel distance X-axis: 450 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 360 mm, overall weight: 720 kg, total length: 2,330 mm, total width: 1,360 mm, total height: 1,700 mm, nominal power (apparent): 1 kVA, rotational speed (max.): 1,000 rpm, rotational speed (min.): 100 rpm, Brother BE-1204B-BC Industrial 4-Head Embroidery Machine Description For sale is a professional Brother BE-1204B-BC industrial multi-head embroidery machine, offered as a complete production workstation. This is a high-quality Brother industrial embroidery system with 4 embroidery heads and 12 needles per head, allowing simultaneous multi-piece embroidery production with up to 48 thread positions in total. The machine is designed for commercial embroidery production where consistent quality, high throughput and reliable operation are required. It is suitable for logos, uniforms, promotional garments, workwear, corporate textiles and contract embroidery production. The unit has been used in a professional garment factory environment and stored indoors. Key features • Brother industrial 4-head embroidery system • 12 needles per head • Total 48 needle / thread positions • Simultaneous embroidery on 4 items • Suitable for multi-colour logo and textile embroidery • Heavy-duty bridge-type industrial frame • Individual thread tension adjustment • Electronic control panel • Thread cone stand included • Embroidery hoops included as shown • Integrated bobbin winding unit • Designed for continuous professional production use Technical details • Manufacturer: Brother Industries, Ltd. • Model: BE-1204B-BC • Serial number: B4A87655 • Type: Industrial multi-head embroidery machine Gujdpfoy Ndudex Anxjb • Number of heads: 4 • Needles: 12 needles per head • Total needle positions: 48 • Configuration: Bridge-type multi-head embroidery system • Control system: Electronic Brother control unit • Setup: Complete table-mounted workstation with thread rack Condition • Used industrial condition • Tested and fully working • From professional production environment • Stored indoors • Typical signs of use from factory environment • Sold as-is, where-is, without warranty Typical applications • Workwear embroidery • Uniform production • Corporate logos • Promotional textiles • Contract embroidery production • Small and medium embroidery factories • Multi-colour garment decoration Included • Brother BE-1204B-BC embroidery machine • 4 embroidery heads • Thread cone stand • Industrial table / bridge frame • Control panel • Bobbin winding unit • Embroidery hoops as shown Location Valga, Estonia Dismantling & transport Buyer is responsible for dismantling, loading and transport. Professional dismantling and careful transport planning recommended.

Condition: excellent (used), Double-head Welding Machine - Urban AKS 3900, year 2006 The Urban AKS 3900 is an automatic double-head welding machine for PVC profiles. The machine performs welds with a 2.0 mm weld bead limitation on the upper and lower surfaces of the profile. Thanks to the 2.60-meter useful welding length and the enlarged standard support for processing angles from 30° to 180°, the AKS 3900 offers great production versatility and is suitable for manufacturing various types of PVC window and door frames. The automatic head positioning system allows quick and practical profile loading, improving ergonomics and productivity. The top-access heating element ensures easy operation and efficiency during the welding cycle. All processing parameters are individually adjustable, allowing precise management of the welding process. Main features: Machinable material: PVC Useful welding length: 2,600 mm Weld bead limitation: 2.0 mm Processable angles: From 30° to 180° Profile clamping height: 45 – 135 mm Control system: SPS Adjustments: Adjustable welding temperature, times and pressures Head system: Automatic head positioning Godpjy R Tvysfx Anxjub Heating element: Top access

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, warranty duration: 6 months, total width: 620 mm, total length: 740 mm, total height: 1,960 mm, empty load weight: 75 kg, ejection height: 896 mm, overall weight: 75 kg, Dough Divider Manotrad TOP Model: SDB-20B Dough divider for traditional artisanal products For exceptional bread and pastry quality Robust dough divider for flexible use Pressing plate, cutting grid, and stamping grid are easily replaceable Manual dividing and shaping of the dough For both direct processing and long fermentation Pull-out holder for the dough tray Space-saving device No power connection required, maintenance-free Standard equipment: Includes: 1 cutting grid, 1 stamping grid, 1 dough tray, 1 flour container, 2 silicone mats With warranty Gujdey Ik D Aspfx Anxjb Quality from a specialized company! Benefit from over 35 years of experience! Visit our large bakery machinery exhibition!

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Hydraulic Dough Divider Panirecord automatic dough dividing and shaping Space-saving Godpfoy Ik A Ssx Anxeub Versatile in use Capacity: 900 to 1250 pieces/hour Connection: 400V, 16A-CEE plug Used machine You will find many more bakery machines in our large showroom!

Condition: reconditioned (used), functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, DGUV certified until: 06/2027, type of input current: three-phase, year of last overhaul: 2026, Dough Divider and Moulding Machine Roll Press Fortuna Automat, size 3 Head unit newly reconditioned With NEW stainless steel knife Robust technology NEW electrical system Exclusively with us: DGUV V3 tested Connection: 400V, 16A CEE plug Dimensions: 720 x 800 x 1510 mm Refurbished & SAB-tested used machine Option: Platform or mobile base Maintenance contract Warranty Spare parts box Service package Training & commissioning Gjdpfxjuyb Tkj Anxeub Leasing & rental service TOP roll presses in stock!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2015, Used, in good condition Year of construction: August 2015 (installed end of 2016) Technical description Gusdequ Sc Hepfx Anxob Working width (with tool cutting circle 125 mm): 20 - 230 mm Working height (with mould cutting circle 125 mm): 8 - 120 mm Six standard feed pendulums from above Two driven rollers in the machine table 1st spindle First lower horizontal spindle Motor with brake 5.5 kW (7.5 HP) Diameter 40 mm Speed 6000 rpm Tool cutting circle 125 - 145 mm Folding device, incl. folding cutter 2nd spindle First right vertical spindle 5.5 KW (7.5 HP) Individual motor with brake Diameter: 40 mm Speed: 6000 rpm Tool cutting circle 40 mm below table level: 100 - 200 mm Tool cutting circle 55 mm below table level: 100 - 180 mm Max. Tool diameter behind stop plane 180 mm Maximum moulding depth 35 mm Axial adjustment movement 55 mm 3rd spindle First left vertical spindle Individual motor with brake 7.5 KW (10 HP) Diameter 40 mm Speed 6000 rpm Tool cutting circle 40 mm below table level 100 - 200 mm Tool cutting circle 55 mm below table level 100 - 180 mm Maximum moulding depth 35 mm Axial adjustment movement 55 mm 4th spindle First upper horizontal spindle Motor with brake 7.5 KW (10 HP) Diameter 40 mm Speed 6000 rpm Tool cutting circle 112 - 200 mm Max. tool cutting circle for straight cutterheads: 180 mm Maximum moulding depth 35 mm Axial adjustment movement 40 mm Divided pressure shoe in front of upper spindle, adjustable to tool cutting circle and swivelling away from the tool, spring-loaded. 5th spindle Second upper horizontal spindle Motor with brake 7.5 KW (10 HP) Diameter 40 mm Speed 6000 rpm Tool cutting circle 112 - 200 mm Max. tool cutting circle for straight cutterheads: 180 mm Maximum moulding depth 35 mm Axial adjustment movement 40 mm Divided pressure shoe in front of upper spindle, adjustable to tool cutting circle and swivelling away from the tool, spring-loaded. 6th spindle Second lower horizontal spindle Motor with brake 7.5 KW (10 HP) Diameter 40 mm Speed 6000 rpm Tool cutting circle 112 - 200 mm Maximum moulding depth 15 mm Axial adjustment movement 35 mm Spindles in general All moulder spindles dynamically balanced for high concentricity. Feed system Frequency-controlled feed 5 - 30 m/min. infinitely variable with brake 4 KW (5.5 HP) Machine stand, tables and stops Manual lubricant pump for table resin removal Machine operation Memory function For memorising the setting values of profiles. Spindle axes with electronic double displays. Function: - Saves the setting values of the finished profile under a profile number at the touch of a button - When the profile number is selected again, the electronic double displays show the setting values - The displays are synchronised by manually adjusting the spindle - 99 memory locations Electric height adjustment of the feed Centralised position of lubrication points at the front of the machine

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, 500 TS is an automatic double-head cutting machine with pneumatic head rotation and 500 mm diameter blades. Gedsy Rl Syopfx Anxoub The machine consists of three main structures: a sturdy electro-welded steel base on which the fixed cutting unit is mounted, and a mobile cutting unit sliding along the base with electronic positioning (X Axis). The rotation of the heads around the horizontal axis is performed through pneumatic cylinders. The available cutting angles range from 90° to 22°30’ external, while intermediate angles are obtained through a manually adjustable stop. Blade feed movement is operated by an oleo-pneumatic cylinder with adjustable output speed and rapid return. Thanks to a horizontal clamping system with double cylinder and vertical clamping, perfect locking of every type of profile is ensured. The local pneumatic descending guards isolate the operating units during the cutting phase, guaranteeing safety and ease of use. The machine is equipped with: 15” touch screen on Windows platform Profile thickness sensor (electronic profile thickness detection device) - Photo no. 7 Central anti-bending profile support – photo no. 8 Technical Specifications: Suitable materials: aluminium, PVC and light alloys Blades: 500 mm diameter Head rotation: pneumatic, with angles from 90° to 22°30’ external Movement: mobile cutting unit with electronic positioning (X Axis) Maximum cutting length: 4000 – 4100 mm Blade motor power: 2.2 kW Blade speed: 2800 rpm Standard Accessories: Pair of low-pressure pneumatic horizontal and vertical clamps Blade lubrication system with spray mist Side support with roller (3000 mm)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2002, Mayer FH2-3120 Veneer Saw, Precision Cut-Off Saw with Jointing Unit (Planer Unit) and Veneer Stop Table Robust machine construction by Mayer A video of the machine in operation can be provided upon request. For tear-free and joint-tight cutting of veneer, including thick-cut veneer Maximum cutting length: 3100 mm Saw unit and jointing unit are combined in one assembly, so only one unit needs to be moved. Easily maneuverable saw unit running on linear guides. Rear support table with through finger stop, adjustable from approx. 2 to 62 cm, with pneumatic clamping and digital readout Pneumatic workpiece clamping Saw drive motor: 1.8 kW; Planer unit: 1.0 kW Motors can be conveniently switched on via the handle; they run only when needed. Fine-cutting saw blade with carbide tips, sharpened Planer head Z4, equipped with new carbide indexable inserts Practical front veneer tray, extendable for the planer unit 100 mm extraction port with extraction duct Extraction hoses and drive belts renewed Pneumatic maintenance unit renewed CE marking Operating manual Gujdpjyug Hrsfx Anxjb On-board tools Original paint, only a few spots touched up Dimensions approx. 4350 x 1700 x 1400 mm (L x W x H). Weight approx. 800 kg. The machine can be inspected and demonstrated at our premises by appointment. We only offer machines that are ready for demonstration in our warehouse. See 'more offers from this provider.'

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, warranty duration: 12 months, Linear Weigher: Gentle and Precise Filling Technology Our linear weigher is the ideal solution for simple and accurate dosing and filling of products. It seamlessly combines precision with gentle handling. Thanks to the minimal drop height, product damage is effectively avoided, ensuring the quality of your goods, even with sensitive items. Flexible and Efficient Operating Principle The core of our technology is a simple yet highly effective operating principle: Products are conveyed via linear belts or vibratory feeders and precisely dosed into the weighing bins. Features: - Easy operation and cleaning - Convenient control via color touch screen - Memory for different weighing recipes - Precise weighing results through three-stage weighing (coarse / medium / fine), each stage individually programmable - Tool-free format change - Intuitive design enables quick changeover and easy cleaning - Gentle handling: minimal drop height protects delicate and fragile products - Versatile: flexible use in both food and non-food sectors - Accurate dosing ensures consistent product quality - Robust and hygienic: parts made from 304 stainless steel, easy to clean - Compact design and durable construction save space and reduce maintenance effort With our linear weigher, you receive a reliable, precise, and hygienic solution that enhances the efficiency of your production processes. Technical data - Weighing range: 20g to 2,000g Gsdpfx Aeyazywenxoub - Accuracy: up to 1g, depending on product - 4.5-liter weighing bin - Max. speed: 30 weighings/minute (double-head weigher) - Material: stainless steel 304 (V4A / 316 on request) - Connection: 220V / 50Hz / 6A

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, For sale is a Keyence IV2-G500CA vision sensor, color version, from the high-performance IV2 series by Keyence. The device is in excellent optical and technical condition – tested, clean, and free of damage. The IV2-G500CA is a compact color vision sensor with integrated illumination, ideal for use in industrial image processing, quality control, and automation applications. Technical specifications: Model: IV2-G500CA Type: Color camera / vision sensor Manufacturer: Keyence Corporation (Japan) Series: IV2 Series Compact design with integrated lens and illumination CE and KC certified Connection via Keyence IV2 connection cable (not included) Scope of delivery: 1× Keyence IV2-G500CA sensor head Gusdjx Hyt Rspfx Anxob (without controller, cable, or additional accessories) Note: A compatible IV2 controller (e.g., IV2-500C or IV2-500MA) and a connection cable are required for operation. The device offered here is the sensor head only, not a complete system.