Used Durma Bending Machine for sale (64,989)

Year of construction: 2020, condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2020-09-B970, High-quality compact bending machine Dynobend TM 02 – in top condition, including a large tool kit, for sale. Condition & Inspection • The machine was purchased new directly from the manufacturer Dynobend in 2021 and has been in our possession ever since. • It is used but in good condition (see photos for details). • Inspection is welcome: The bending machine is currently powered on and fully functional. After prior appointment, it can be inspected and demonstrated in operation. Application & Scope of Performance • Focus on solid material: The machine was used almost exclusively for bending solid material. It can also be used for bending pipes (with limited application areas). • Control & Programming: Up to 25 individual bending cycles can be programmed – extremely practical and absolutely sufficient for most applications. • Length stop: o The programmable length stop covers 0 to 1500 mm as standard. o By bending on both sides, workpieces up to 3000 mm can be processed. Itsdpoz Ny Rkjfx Anisn o Without a direct stop, lengths over 3000 mm are also possible without any problems. Extensive tool kit including additional equipment: • Numerous additional tools were manufactured for the standard tool kit to significantly expand the machine's range of applications (see photos). • The machine will only be sold together with the complete tool kit. Complete documentation available • The sale includes all important and legally relevant documents: • Original EC declaration of conformity (Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex II A) • Acceptance test report • Original operating manual available • Invoices available • The price is ex works (EXW). • Dismantling, professional loading, and transport must be organized by the buyer or carried out by a commissioned freight forwarder. • Technical specifications according to the nameplate and available documents. Subject to prior sale.

Year of construction: 2010, operating hours: 196 h, condition: excellent (used), functionality: limited functionality, bending cheek thickness: 100 mm, additional equipment features: Separate Bending Arm Available, bending radius (min.): 700 mm, The Machine is VERY Sparingly used, Exactly used for bending 196 Bends. Available in Dismantled Condition in Southern Part Of INDIA, for a Very Attractive Price . Itsdpfx Aozc Uu Honijn

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2020, roller diameter: 60 mm, working width: 1,050 mm, sheet thickness (max.): 1 mm, roll metal bending machine Isitan 1050 X 1.2mm Manual 3 roll Bending Machine, excellent condition for sale manufacturer: Isitan 1050X1.2 max sheet width: 1050mm max sheet thickness: 1.2 mm Iedpfxewk Rlxj Anietn Wire grooves at the ends of the rollers Conical bender roller diameter: 60mm Upper roller removable for easy workpiece removal machine dimensions: length: 130cm height: 100cm width: 65cm weight: 240kg

Condition: excellent (used), Working width 1010 mm Max. sheet thickness 370 N/mm² 1.5 mm Upper beam opening 80 mm Small bending width 10 x s mm Small Inner radius 1.5-2 x s mm Bending beam adjustment approx. 40 mm Max. bending angle 130° Dimensions L x W x H 1650 x 500 x 1400 mm Weight 380 kg Accessories / Special Features: • Upper tool, 45° bending rail • Flat rail on the bending beam • Graduation with stop • Compensating counterweight Iedjwg Ru Eopfx Anistn • Heavy-duty cast iron construction • Easy adjustment of the upper beam via spindle • Versatile • The bending tools are suitable for narrow and wide sheet metal for fine bending • Angle adjustment with graduation • Easy bending thanks to counterweight Siegfried Volz Machine Tools Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 DE - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2015, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 308, table width: 850 mm, table length: 1,250 mm, stroke length: 200 mm, bending force (max.): 42 t, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Bending force: 42 t Max. bending stroke: 200 mm Table length: 1,250 mm Table width: 850 mm Ram stroke: 300 mm Ram width: 200 mm Itodpfx Aoz Nipcjnien MACHINE DETAILS Motor power: 4.0 kW Dimensions and weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 1,500 x 2,500 x 1,800 mm Unladen weight: 1,000 kg EQUIPMENT Documentation CE marking

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2010, control type: manual, actuation type: hydraulic, number of rollers: 3, sheet thickness (max.): 5 mm, sheet thickness stainless steel (max.): 3 mm, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 6 mm, overall weight: 1,100 kg, Equipment: centralized greasing system, cone bending device, emergency stop, foot remote control, hardened rollers, swiveling upper roller, Bending length: 1.050 mm Bendingcapacity: 5.0 mm Steel 3.0 mm Stainless steel 6.0 mm Aluminium Upper roll: Ø130 -> 75 mm Lower rolls: Ø130 mm Itsdpfx Anjz Tdg Dsijn Featured with: - Hydraulic drop end - 3-rolls driven - Hand-footcontrolled

Condition: not inspected (used), functionality: unexamined, Year of construction: 1994, machine/vehicle number: 7099, overall weight: 2,000 kg, total length: 5,600 mm, total width: 700 mm, total height: 1,600 mm, TRANSFLURID DB 2060 pipe bending machine Itjdpfsz Sprcjx Anisn - Bending capacity: 20 - 60 mm FCA D-35614 Aßlar - loaded onto a truck.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, Profile Bending Machine SAF Curvatrici (TUWI) DS 60 HV – Top Condition & Huge Tool Package Description: For sale is a high-quality profile bending machine, type SAF Curvatrici (TUWI) DS 60 HV, from the first owner. The machine was purchased new by us in 2001 and has been in our possession ever since. It is fully operational and can be demonstrated under power after prior consultation. Special highlight – Modernized control system (08/2019): The control system was completely overhauled and modernized by a specialist company in August 2019. Now, 10 different feed sequences can be programmed. After a programmed value is reached, the next value is automatically approached by pressing the button again (value input in ascending order). Technical data & equipment: • Shaft diameter: 50 mm (for all three axes) • Acceptance height: 115 mm • Additional equipment from factory: 2 RCD correction rollers for bending angle iron (R/L). The original, lateral and height-adjustable shafts (38 x 250 mm) are also included. • Special modification for transport: Specially manufactured base frame for transport including four height-adjustable support plates. • Additional device for angle iron: A 10 mm thick plate was mounted on the top side. An additional hydraulic cylinder can be attached here, which pushes the vertical flange extremely close to 90° during bending (adjustable pressure depending on the angle). Note: The cylinder is not included in the standard price, but can be requested separately. Enormous scope of supply (Extremely many tools included!): The biggest advantage of this offer is the extremely extensive tool package, which is completely included in the price: • Standard tools: Complete set according to the machine’s scope of supply • 18 different roller sets: According to the list from Ø 8 mm to Ø 33.7 mm • Special tools for angle iron (according to the list) • Special tools for flat steel (light & heavy axis) Iedpfx Asz Ix Ukjniotn • Special tools for square and rectangular tubes • Special tools for diagonal square material • Documentation: Original operating manual is fully available Note: The machine will only be sold as a complete package together with the complete tool set according to the attached list. Sales and delivery conditions: • Pricing: Ex works (net, plus VAT). • Logistics: The disassembly, loading and collection must be organized and carried out by the buyer himself or by a forwarding agent commissioned by him. Technical specifications according to available documents. Subject to prior sale.

Year of construction: 2015, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Automated manufacturing plant for the production of SDR 11 and SDR17 grade tube bends Patented bending system where the ends of the tubes are inserted into the bend radius during bending. This reduces the reduction of the outer wall of the tube during bending and reduces costly material additions to compensate for the loss of wall thickness. Tube bends can be manufactured with a final bend angle of 90°. Variable bend angle adjustment Simultaneous heating of the bending blank in the radiator field Rotation of bending blanks during heating to achieve homogeneous heating Itsdpfx Aeu Itlnsnien The ends are not heated, so their geometry remains unchanged. The bending of the tube can therefore be further processed by conventional butt welding of tubes Automatic transport of semi-finished products from the buffer hopper to the removal of the finished tube bends, depending on customer requirements. Siemens PLC control system with touchscreen user interface

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2012, machine/vehicle number: 30012, overall weight: 2,000 kg, total length: 6,600 mm, total width: 1,700 mm, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, The long bending machine is exclusively used for bending and folding sheet metal (e.g., galvanized steel sheet, aluminum sheet, copper sheet, etc.) up to a thickness of max. 1.0 mm (according to the manufacturer). It is stable, reliable, and ideal for workshops or metalworking. Very good condition, ready for use. Technical data according to the manufacturer: - Machine type according to manufacturer: Long bending machine 6020/A - Year of manufacture: 2012 - Machine number: 30012 - Bending angle: approx. 140° - Weight: approx. 2000 kg - Dimensions: 6.60 m x 1.70 m - Electrical connection: Three-phase 230 V/400 V – 1.5 kW 230 V/400 V – 2.2 kW (AV) - Bending angle: 90° - 180° - Galvanized steel sheet up to 1.0 mm - Aluminum sheet up to 1.5 mm - Smallest bend radius depending on sheet thickness and sheet type: 15 mm - Main switch, hydraulic unit, upper die, bending die, indicator light, control, safety stop, foot switch, emergency stop bar, stabilizers - Accessories: Hand shears I am available at any time for further information! Itodpfx Ansz Akgwsion - No guarantee, no warranty, no return or exchange. - Signs of wear, ready for use. - Sold as seen! - Payment: Cash upon collection/advance payment.

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, JUTEC Type 3000 with profile bending attachment PB 20 -CE marking Itodpfx Anoz S Afpeijn -Bending capacity / flat steel 100x8mm -Bending capacity / round material 20mm -Digital angle bending adjustment / display -Material stop -Drive: electromechanical -Control: digital -6 rpm (bending roller) -Tool holder / hexagon 40mm -Foot switch -Documentation Dimensions: L x W x H 0.8 x 0.7 x 1.5 meters / Weight approx. 85 kg Errors and omissions excepted.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 1997, 5-Axis CNC Tube Bending Machine BLM Dynamo – 0 Serial number: 605970300001 Year of manufacture: 1997 Voltage: 380V 50HZ Machine weight: 1500 kg Control: DOC 85C BLM Bar Loader BLM CARM 7 Serial number: 340040102059 Year of manufacture: 2004 Weight: 405 kg Without conveyor belt Without protective guard TECHNICAL DETAILS Number of axes: 5 Average output: ~ 2400 bends/h Itjdpot R Tgijfx Anijn Bending capacity, round tube R=45 kg/mm²: 4 - 12.7 x 1.5 mm Bending capacity, round tube R=35 kg/mm²: 4 - 14 x 1 mm Bending capacity, round tube Al/Cu/Ms: 4 - 18 x 1.25 mm Bar loader: BLM Carm 7 (Year: 2004) Positioning speed, X-axis: 2000 mm/s Bending speed, H/Z Y-axis: 500 °/s Rotation speed, Z-axis: 900 °/s Rotation speed, Z-axis: 100 °/s Positioning speed, T-axis: 500 mm/s Measuring tolerance, X/T axis: ± 0.1 mm Measuring tolerance, Y/Z/Q axis: ± 0.1° Maximum reach with maximum acceleration X-Y-Z: 1000 mm - 90/90/0° - ° with tube 18 x 1.25 mm MACHINE DETAILS Voltage: 380 V, 50 Hz Hydraulic pressure: max. 120 bar Machine weight: 1500 kg Control: DOC 85C Ex works Dortmund, free loading onto truck.

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 1997, Well-maintained, used press brake by Jorns Type: Maxi Line 150 SM CNC400A 6 Isdoz Ru Awjpfx Aniotn Capacity: 6000 x 1.5 mm Jorns CNC 400A control system

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, For sale: a CNC bending press, model FICOM PBH-63T/3200, manufactured in 2022, with minimal usage. The machine was purchased new and has seen very little use. It is currently fully operational and connected to power, allowing for inspection, testing, and trial bends. Iodpfxez Aiqzo Anietn The machine is available on-site and ready for immediate pickup. We have the technical documentation for the machine. Key information: Manufacturer: FICOM Model: PBH-63T/3200 Year of manufacture: 2022 Bending force: 63 T Working length: 3200 mm Controller: ESTUN E21 Controlled axes: X and R axes with NC control Equipment and features: ESTUN E21 controller Automatically controlled X and R axes Quick release system for upper tools Linetech Laser Safe laser operator protection system 85° bending punch and die 30° bending punch and die Technical documentation for the machine Two different sets of bending tools allow the machine to be immediately adapted to different bending tasks. If you have any further questions, we will be happy to answer them.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2008, machine/vehicle number: HEB IPE section bending roll, control type: manual, degree of automation: manual, actuation type: hydraulic, number of rollers: 3, shaft diameter: 200 mm, roller diameter: 650 mm, bending radius (max.): 1,000 mm, pipe diameter (max.): 250 mm, overall weight: 27,000 kg, input voltage: 3,80,440 V, input frequency: 5,060 Hz, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, emergency stop, hardened rollers, Profile bending roll hydraulic model AR200, year 2008 make MG Italy Capacity bending chart and photos in enclosed -Technical data: Output shafts size 200 mm -Machine complete with set of rollers adjustable for the various shape of profiles. -Traction tool hydraulic operated for the HEB-beam - IPE - UNP bending the hard side. -Lateral correctors left and right side hydraulic operated in 3 direction. -Included additional set of rolls for pipe 6" inches -Machine with 3 rolls driven system with individual hydraulic motor and axial gear-unit on each shaft. -The 3 shafts working on bearings, heavy duty type with sealed lubrication. -Centralized control panel movable on wheels with all electric commands. -Dual rolling speed up to 5 mtr/min with automatic balancing system between the 3 rolls. -Safety devices in compliance with European regulation. CE mark. -electric 30 Kw on the hydraulic power unit- voltage 380/50 -Digital position readout on the bending rolls -Manuals and schematics all available along with the machine. Iodpfx Anoz Dkr Hsistn -Machine delivered in working condition. CAPACITY CHART IN ENCLOSED MG MODEL AR200 SECTION BENDING ROLL

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 25510, total width: 790 mm, total length: 850 mm, total height: 830 mm, empty load weight: 295 kg, Export is possible. Itodpfx Asyw N H Uonijn

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, neu 2024 9738 prompt, Zwischenverkauf v Türkei 20300 € 389.76 € 1 Itedpfswiruljx Anion 1530 mm 6 mm 6 mm 4 mm 150 mm 4 kW 3100 mm 1120 mm 1020 mm 2100 kg 3 rolls Asymmetrical rolls arrangement - with pre-bending 2 driven rolls Motorized adjustment of lateral and clamping roll Digital read-out for lateral and clamping roll Swiveling top roll to the front Forward/reverse run Hardened rolls Moveable control panel User manual in GERMAN and ENGLISH (sample photo)

Condition: good (used), pipe diameter (max.): 25 mm, pipe length (max.): 2,500 mm, bending radius (max.): 180 mm, CNC Tube Bender Isdpfx Asz E U Stonietn Brand: StarBend Model: STAR 250 CN3-PC-S Year: 2007 Serial Number: 072500924 Type: High-precision CNC tube bender Features: - CNC control with integrated PC - 3 numerically controlled axes - Y-axis (Bending): Controlled by a brushless servomotor - X-axis (Feed/Advance): Controlled by a brushless servomotor - Z-axis (Spatial tube rotation): Controlled by a brushless servomotor. - Tube bending with high repeatability - Max. tube diameter: 25mm (Tube wall thickness of 1.5 to 2.5mm depending on the radius) - Usable length over mandrel: 2,500 mm - Maximum bending radius: 180 mm - Programming by bending sequences - Program memory - High productivity in series production - Pneumatic internal mandrel extraction and insertion. Available Bending Kits: - TUBE 28mm Radius 61mm - TUBE 15mm Radius 35 - TUBE 22mm Radius 36mm

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, actuation type: hydraulic, controller manufacturer: Shenzhen ICM Technology Development Co., Ltd., controller model: 880W02, pipe diameter (max.): 38 mm, pipe length (max.): 3 mm, tube wall thickness (max.): 2 mm, bending angle (max.): 190 °, bending radius (max.): 200 mm, bending radius (min.): 2 mm, mandrel length: 150 mm, number of axes: 2, table length: 3 mm, overall weight: 1,300 kg, total length: 3,900 mm, total width: 900 mm, total height: 1,400 mm, power: 4 kW (5.44 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input current: 20 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, oil tank capacity: 80 l, number of digital displays: 1, warranty duration: 36 months, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, emergency stop, foot remote control, quick-change device, Full Automatic Pipe Bending Machine DW38CNC-2A-1S Equipped with a touchscreen and CNC control system; capable of storing up to 500 sets of parameter groups. Features a rebound compensation setting program, with built-in confidentiality protection for programs and processing data. Servo control is adopted for corner bending, pipe bending and material feeding functions. The operating system is protected by passwords and physical keys, and supports production quantity & runtime records for efficient production management. Comes with slow bending and slow core pulling functions. Fault messages are displayed on the screen to help operators troubleshoot problems promptly. Touchscreen This pipe bender is equipped with a Weinview industrial touchscreen for its operation interface, which delivers an intuitive operation experience and allows new operators to get started quickly. You can directly edit the pipe bending process parameters on the interface, such as feeding distance, rotation angle and bending angle, and separately set the running speed for each step. During operation, the interface displays real-time axis positions, bending progress and production cycle, and automatically counts total output and shift output to help you manage production efficiency effectively. It also supports manual single-step debugging, automatic continuous operation, program editing and equipment parameter setting. Different modes can be switched with one click, making it convenient for machine trial runs and mass production alike. Itedpfx Anoy Uuw Tsisn Hydraulic solenoid valve manifold This integrated hydraulic solenoid valve manifold serves as the control center of the CNC pipe bender's hydraulic system. Adopting industrial-grade modular design, it integrates multiple solenoid valves to independently control the movements of the feeding axis, rotating axis, bending axis, as well as clamping, auxiliary pushing and other auxiliary mechanisms. Linked with the CNC system, it converts control commands into precise hydraulic power output, enabling smooth operation throughout pipe feeding, rotation and forming. Matched with high-pressure sealed hydraulic hoses, it maintains zero leakage and high stability under full-load operating conditions, delivering reliable performance for long-term mass production. Servo drive These four units are Mitsubishi servo drives equipped on our pipe bender, acting as the power core that governs key movements including material feeding, pipe rotation and pipe bending. Adopting Mitsubishi MR-JE series industrial-grade high-end servo drives, they feature high positioning accuracy and fast response. Both feeding distance and rotating angle can be controlled precisely with no deviation. With excellent stability, they rarely lose steps or malfunction during long-hour continuous operation. This ensures consistent bending precision for every pipe and a high finished product yield.

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2024, operating hours: 15 h, machine/vehicle number: 121282, BENDMAK PRO 120 – Hydraulic three-roll profile and tube bending machine | 2024 | only 15.5 hours of use We offer a nearly new hydraulic three-roll profile and tube bending machine, BENDMAK PRO 120, manufactured in 2024. The machine has been used only minimally. The control system currently shows only 15 hours and 27 minutes of machine operating time and 31 hours and 14 minutes of hydraulic operating time. Operating times can be verified directly on the machine's display – see photos. Ijdpfxszzkvpj Anistn The machine is fully functional, in very good technical condition, and ready for immediate use. The sale includes an extensive set of interchangeable rolls/tools for bending various profiles and tubes, as shown in the photos. Technical data: Manufacturer: BENDMAK Model: PRO 120 Year of manufacture: 2024 Serial number: 121282 Machine operating hours: 15:27 h Hydraulic operating hours: 31:14 h Type: hydraulic three-roll profile bending machine Shaft diameter: 120 mm Working roll diameter: 390 mm Motor power: 11 kW Power supply: 400 V / 50 Hz Weight: 4,720 kg CE Equipment and accessories: hydraulically controlled lower rolls hydraulic side guide rolls drive for all three rolls separate mobile control panel touchscreen display multiple sets of interchangeable rolls/tools for various profiles and tubes accessories shown in the photos are included in the sale The machine can be inspected and demonstrated in operation on-site.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1994, Product information "Boschert Hydraulic CNC Punching Machine" Type / Model: Boschert EL 750 digital Condition: Used Itodpszp Raqefx Anien Year of manufacture: 1994 Technical data Working area & dimensions Overhang (Y-axis): 750 mm Travel range (X-axis): 1500 mm Max. sheet size (without repositioning): 720 x 1700 mm Performance data & capacity Max. hydraulic punching force: Standard 280 kN Max. sheet thickness*: up to 12.7 mm Max. punching diameter: Ø 105 mm Stroke rate: max. 100 strokes/min Tooling: Original Trumpf® tool system Positioning accuracy with 2-axis digital display: ± 0.1 mm Connection power: 4 kVA Control voltage: 220 V Required fuse rating: 3 x 16 A Installation dimensions (W x D x H): approx. 3400 mm x 1580 mm x 1600 mm Weight: approx. 3400 kg Equipment - includes various tools / accessories * Material-dependent, usually designed for thin sheet metal up to 6 mm at full diameter or any shape that fits into a circle of Ø 105 mm Inquiry item: Transportation costs in individual offer.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, machine/vehicle number: 61108042022, 5-axis CNC tube bending machine BLM Dynamo ELE - MR200 Serial number: 61108042022 Year of construction: 2008 Machine weight: 1850 kg BLM bar loader BLM CARM 7 Serial number: 340380106175 Year of construction: 2008 Weight kg: 650 Itedsqy E R Topfx Anisn With conveyor belt Without protective grid

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2021, Hydraulic 4-roll bending machine Digital display of roll positions Capability to form cones Length: 3050 mm Diameter of upper rolls: 220 mm Isdpfx Ajz I D Agoniotn Diameter of side rolls: 180 mm Bending capacity: 7 to 8 mm with a minimum radius of 1000 mm Machine dimensions: 4700 x 1100 x 1330 mm Weight: 5700 kg Operating videos available upon request.

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 1988, - The machine was purchased new in 1988 and has been in our possession ever since. - The visual condition can be seen in the photos. Considering its age and the existing paint condition, the mechanical condition is satisfactory. - The machine is operational and can be demonstrated by prior arrangement. - The machine has been technically modified. This provides a second, higher speed for processing smaller pipe dimensions. - A protective frame has been manufactured to protect the machine, which helps to minimize external damage. The protective frame also has two mounts that can be used to prepare or mount various profiles. - The control panel has been expanded. As a result, up to 10 set values can now be pre-programmed. - The existing standard tools are included with the machine. All arbor diameters are 60 mm. - The original operating manual is available. - The scope of delivery includes a comprehensive selection of tools for various applications, including: Round tubes Flat bars for heavy and light arbors Square profiles Rectangular tubes T-profiles Angle irons Diagonal tools - A total of 15 pallets of tools belong to the machine (see photos and description). - The machine will only be sold together with the complete set of tools. Iodjz Hcp Nopfx Anistn - The price is ex works. The dismantling, loading, and collection of the machine must be carried out by the buyer himself or by a commissioned forwarding agent. Technical specifications according to available documentation. Subject to prior sale.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Hydraulic mandrel tube bending machine Complete bending sets with bending mandrels and bending shoes: Ø 18, 20, 22, 25, 2 x 30 + 35 mm Additional bending mandrels, but without bending shoes: Ø 28, 2 x 38 + 42 mm Pre-assembly device with hydraulic cylinder Hydraulically driven deburring unit for tubes, inside and outside, from 6 - 48.3 mm Iodpfjwnrt Ssx Anistn Max. tube feed length: 3000 mm Machine weight: approx. 700 kg Siegfried Volz Werkzeugmaschinen Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 D - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel / Germany