Used Esab Cnc Laser for sale (10,920)

Year of construction: 1996, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC punching and laser machine from Trumpf requiring repair, including laser source and high-frequency generator, is available. Cutting force: 220kN, laser power: 1500W, clamping power: 11kW, weight: approx. 18000kg. Error message: NCK deleted and buffer battery empty. An on-site inspection is possible. Gbodpfxjzfaalo Apwor

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2018, Max. sheet size: 3000 x 1500 mm Fiber laser 3 kW Gsdpfx Apsyr N Uaewobr Max. material thickness: Carbon steel: 20 mm, Stainless steel: 12 mm, Aluminum: 12 mm, Copper: 6 mm Accuracy: Repeatability ±0.05 mm Sheet change time: 27 sec. Cutting hours: 15400 h Length: 10495 mm Width: 6903 mm Height: 2880 mm Weight: 13000 kg

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, ESAB Alpharex AXD 5 axis Gantry Laser- 5KW Trumpf Resonator- Year 2007. 26 metres x 5900mm Table. Bevel cutting. Max 25mm Thickness. Gbodpfx Apszc Nzuewjr

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC punching and laser cutting system Amada is available. Laser resonator: C-4000A, travel path X/Y: 2500mm/1250mm, laser power: 4kW, laser type: CO2, max. laser gas pressure: 4bar, max. cutting capacity: steel/stainless steel/aluminum: 25mm/15mm/10mm. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 5700mm/2500mm/2300mm, weight: approx. 6400kg, control system: Amada. Including transformer TG515 (70kVA), cooling block, extraction system Keller Vario and beam path purging system Alphapac. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Gsdoy Rtf Uopfx Apwjbr

Year of construction: 2015, condition: ready for operation (used), A complete CNC CO2 laser cutting system Bystronic is available. Working dimensions X/Y: 4000mm/2000mm, travel path X/Y/Z: 4060mm/2030mm/1700mm, max. simultaneous speed: 84m/min, positioning accuracy: +/-0.1mm, repeatability: +/-0.05mm, max. table load: 1500kg, weight: approx. 18500kg, operating hours: 29456h. Laser source: Bystronic ByLaser 6000, laser type: CO2, laser power: 6kW, wavelength: 10600nm, polarization: circular, pulse frequency: 1-2500Hz, max. cutting capacity steel/stainless steel/aluminum: 25mm/25mm/15mm, weight: approx. 1800kg, laser hours: 10275h. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Gjdpfey D Trnex Apwsbr

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2021, Working area 3000 x 1500 mm Max. laser capacity 4 Kw (TruDisk 4001) Max. thickness 25/20 mm (Mild steel/Stainless steel) Integrated camera for process surveillance (with monitor interface) Control: Siemens Sinumerik 840 D SL with 18” touch screen Automatic speed regulation Programmerbel automatic shut down of the machine Gbjdpfx Apoxr U U Rjwor Kobber cutting package Brass cutting package Equipped with: Automatic pallet changer Price when bought in 2021: Euro. 365.000

Condition: good (used), Year of manufacture: 2000 Gjdpfx Apexu Hlgjwobr Machine number: 080520 Control: Sinumerik 840D Combined working area: 2,585 x 1,280 mm Laser operation: 2,585 x 1,280 mm Punching operation: 2,585 x 1,370 mm Punching force: 220 kN Sheet thickness: 8 mm Speed x-axis: 90 m/min y-axis: 60 m/min simultaneous: 108 m/min Strokes per minute: 600 Linear magazine tools: 19 Max. punching diameter: 76.2 mm Laser: 90 to 1,800 W Applications: punching, slotting, shearing, bead forming, hemming, laser cutting Accessories: 4 complete cabinets - see separate email Condition: good, ready for operation Connection: 70 kW Weight: 16 t Dimensions: 7,000 x 7,400 mm

Year of construction: 2003, condition: ready for operation (used), Travel path X/Y/Z: 3000mm/1500mm/115mm, laser power: 5000W, cutting capacity mild steel/stainless steel/aluminium: 25mm/20mm/12mm, travel speed: 200m/min, cutting accuracy: 0.1mm. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: 11000mm/4600mm/2400mm, weight: 12000kg, control: Siemens Sinumerik 840D. Includes conveyors, laser cutting heads with various lens sizes, Liftmaster R, and other peripheral equipment. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Gbodpfoxaph Ujx Apwer

Year of construction: 2008, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC laser cutting system Trumpf including RotoLas and Liftmaster is available. Laser source: TruFlow 5000, laser type: CO2 laser, laser power: 5000W, travel X/Y/Z: 3000mm/1500mm/115mm, max. material thickness structural steel/stainless steel/aluminium: 25mm/25mm/15mm, positioning accuracy: +/-0.1mm, repeatability: +/-0.03mm, max. axis speed: 200m/min, max. simultaneous speed: 300m/min. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 11100mm/4600mm/2400mm, weight: approx. 12000kg, operating hours: 55462h, laser hours: 24430h, beam hours: 12742h. Hours status as of 01/2026. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Expected to be available from January 2027. Gbodpfxex Tumxs Apwor

Condition: ready for operation (used), Grid plate X/Y: 342mm/424mm, viewing window X/Y: 280mm/200mm, max. component dimensions X/Y/Z: 342mm/424mm/275mm, Z-axis: 235mm, machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 600mm/550mm/810mm, weight: approx. 90kg. Controller & marking head: LP-RV200P, laser type: FAYb, laser class: 4, wavelength: 1.06µm, average output power: 20W, marking dimensions X/Y: 90mm/90mm, working distance: 190mm, writing speed: 12m/s, conveyor belt speed: 240m/min. Integrated pilot laser included. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. The system is dismantled and packed ready for delivery. Godpfxov Rftfj Apwsbr

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), A Precicut CNC laser precision machining system is available. 1) Fiber laser IPG Photonics YLR-150/1500-QCW-MM, year of manufacture: 2012, average laser power: 150W, pulse power: 1.5kW. 2) Collimator d25 f50, year of manufacture: 2012, focal length: 50mm, diameter: 25mm. 3) Coupling module for BAK 4, year of manufacture: 2012. 4) ProCom CNC300 control unit. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Gbjdpfx Apjwqqwbewor

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, A Bystronic CNC laser cutting system is available. Laser type: ByLaser 4400, laser power: 4400W, wavelength: 10.7µm, working dimensions X/Y: 3000mm/1500mm, cutting dimensions X/Y/Z: 3000mm/1500mm/170mm, positioning speed: 80m/min, simultaneous positioning speed: 113m/min, acceleration: 4.5m/s², positioning accuracy: +/-0.1mm, repeatability: +/-0.05mm, max. workpiece weight: 890kg, max. sheet thickness mild steel/stainless steel/aluminum: 25mm/20mm/12mm. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 12900mm/6100mm/2100mm, weight: approx. 13500kg, laser hours: 58157h, blower hours: 93930h, pump hours: 10398h. Includes water cooling unit, without extraction. The control was completely renewed in 2025. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Gsdjxv A E Eopfx Apwobr

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC laser cutting system Bystronic is available. Laser power: 2200W, max. sheet dimensions X/Y: 3000mm/1500mm, travel path X/Y/Z: 1562mm/772mm/100mm, max. material thickness mild steel/stainless steel/aluminium: 8mm/6mm/4mm, positioning accuracy: +/-0.1mm, simultaneous speed: 140m/min, load capacity loading table/cutting table: 300kg/80kg. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 6250mm/6000mm/2150mm, laser source dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 1900mm/950mm/1250mm, weight: approx. 13500kg. Including combined cooling and filtration unit WKL 300-F. Dokumentation vorhanden. An on-site inspection is possible. Gedpfxexx Ud Sj Apwebr

Year of construction: 2008, condition: ready for operation (used), Working dimensions X/Y: 2000mm/1500mm, max. clearance height: 70mm, max. material width: 1690mm, speed: 2m/min, acceleration: 18m/s², resolution: 0.001mm, accuracy: +/-0.05mm, repeatability: +/-0.05mm, laser source: Rofin ScX series 300W, laser class: 1, laser power: 300W. The laser source is defective. Including shuttle table, cooling unit, hydraulic unit and register mark recognition camera. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Gsdpsyi E Eiofx Apwsbr

Year of construction: 2010, condition: ready for operation (used), For sale is a CNC laser cutting machine from TRUMPF. laser power: approx. 3000W (3kW), working area: X/Y/Z 3000mm/1500mm/115mm. Additionally, a suitable Liftmaster from the year 2015 is offered, which can also be purchased separately. Gbodjxxa Ucjpfx Apwer

Year of construction: 2009, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC CO2 laser cutting machine Amada with automated storage system LKI is available. 1) Laser power: 4kW (4000W), travel X/Y/Z: 3100mm/1550mm/100mm, max. table load: 920kg, max. material thickness steel/stainless steel/aluminum: 20mm/12mm/10mm, laser system dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 10000mm/4300mm/2100mm, weight: approx. 11000kg. 2) Pallets: 8, cutting pallets: 2, raw material: 2/3, unloading: 4/3, max. unloading height: 2200mm, max. material dimensions X/Y: 3050mm/1525mm, min. sheet dimensions: 2000mm/1000mm, height: 5400mm. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Gedpev Rp S Sefx Apwjbr

Year of construction: 2008, condition: ready for operation (used), A Bystronic CNC laser cutting system is available. Travel X/Y/Z: 4020mm/2020mm/170mm, max. sheet weight: 1500kg, positioning speed: 60m/min, simultaneous speed: 80m/min, positioning accuracy: +/-0.1mm, repeat accuracy: +/-0.05mm, laser: CO2, laser source: ByLaser 4400, laser power: 4400W, overall system dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 8000mm/15000mm/2.5mm, cutting time: 17469h, power on: 35200h. Including two spare cutting heads 7.5in and 5in as well as various spare parts. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Expected to be available from June 2026. Gbjdpfx Aoyu T D Rjpwsr

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2010, operating hours: 55,582 h, machine/vehicle number: A0110A0058, controller model: BOSCH PNC-P, laser power: 2,000 W, number of slots in tool magazine: 21, TECHNICAL DETAILS Working area: 2500 x 1250 mm Gedjyv Ddrjpfx Apwsbr Max. sheet thickness: 4.0 mm Max. punching force: 165 kN Max. active stripper force: 9 kN Max. workpiece weight: 120 kg Max. part chute size: 300 x 500 mm Speeds X-axis: 90 m/min Y-axis: 60 m/min Simultaneous (X and Y): 108 m/min C-axis punching: 60 rpm C-axis thread forming: 180 rpm Max. punching strokes (F=1 mm): 600 strokes/min Max. marking strokes: 1300 strokes/min Tools Number of tool and clamp stations: 21 Tool change time Single tool: 4.4 s Multitool: 2.2 s Laser Data Guaranteed maximum output: 2000 W Laser model: TCF1 Power distribution: TEM∞ Beam quality² K (M²): 0.9 (1.1) Laser gas (CO₂, N₂, He, Xe, CO) consumption for cutting gas⁴: max. 1 cylinder premix gas p.a. Laser cutting head lens size: 5" MACHINE DETAILS Control model: BOSCH PNC-P Laser system switch-on hours: 25,582 h Electrical consumption (laser unit): 65 kVA EQUIPMENT Sturdy C-frame Coordinate guidance with integrated linear scale 2 workpiece clamps Maintenance-free three-phase servomotors Brush tables HI-LAS high-pressure cutting High-speed processing with SprintLas Programmable scan feed Quick-change cutting head system APC capacitive height control Lens monitoring sensors Laser logbook function Compact nesting table Rotating tool holder Automatic repositioning with stripper Automatic part chute Sliding part container Spray lubrication for punch 2 lubricant containers Slug extraction Chip bin Hydraulic quick shut-off External control panel 15" TFT touchscreen color display USB stick interface 3.5" floppy disk drive Safety devices RJ45 network connection Network integration Comprehensive operating manual Remote diagnostics facility SPECIAL EQUIPMENT Thread forming function Softpunch function Vertically adjustable clamp Repositioning cylinder Vibration-damped installation Sensor for part chute Spray lubrication for die Brush-type loading/unloading assistance Note: The machine has already been dismantled (by a certified TRUMPF used machinery partner) and is ready for shipment.

Condition: used, Used Trumpf 5axis laser for sale / 3d laser for sale Used Trumpf 5axis laser for sale / 3d laser for sale Trumpf TLC Cut 5 Year 2006 Fully serviced twice a year by Trumpf Uk Last service January 2019 New vacuum pump fitted – 28/05/19 Hours: Beam on: 14,922 hours Laser on: 59,480 hours 3.2kw Fully serviced. Jigs / cutting beds included. Delivery and installation can be arranged. Gsdpfx Ajfuah Njpwebr

Condition: used, Used Trumpf fiber laser for sale Used Trumpf fiber laser for sale Trumpf Trulaser 5030 Fiber 5kw flat bed industrial cnc laser for sale Year 2014 Laser Power 5000w / 5kw Working Range 3000 x 1500 x 115mm Control Siemens Sinumerik 840D Max. Mild Steel 25mm Max. Stainless Steel 20mm Max. Aluminium 15mm Space Requirement 12000 x 5200 x 2000mm Machine Weight 14,500kg Gbedpfx Aefuah Eopwer TRUMPF TruLaser 5030 5kW BrightLine Fiber – L56 / L68

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 10 h, Selling my 6-watt laser module for CNC Step, only tested once. Godpjyrql Hofx Apwebr

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, The CO2 laser plotter is designed for cutting and engraving a wide range of materials, such as Plexiglas, leather, rubber, wood, plywood, paper, cork, textiles and a variety of engraving laminates. It is a versatile and extremely useful device in the production processes of many industries. The CO2 1490 laser is perfect for both prototyping, small-scale production and personalization. The laser technology provides high precision cutting and engraving, as well as speed and accuracy in making complex designs and details. - Tube power: 100 [W], - Table type: knife + honeycomb, - Cooling: water-based, - Machine power: 1000 [W], - Weight: approx. 300 [kg], - Power supply: 230 V±10%/50-60Hz, - Interface: USB, - Work surface: 1400 x 900 [mm], - Positioning accuracy: ±0.01mm, - Engraving speed: 1-800 [mm/s], - Feed system: stepper motors (servo option), - Positioning system: red dot (laser), - Cutting speed: 1-600 [mm/s]. The plotter comes with modern software to operate the machine, which allows it to work with programs such as Corel Draw, AutoCAD. Gbsdpfx Apeur Sv Ejwor

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: KF0310KMB20260601, type of input current: three-phase, sheet thickness (max.): 2 mm, sheet thickness steel (max.): 2 mm, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 4 mm, space requirement length: 6,200 mm, space requirement height: 2,650 mm, space requirement width: 2,500 mm, controller manufacturer: Self-developed brand, workpiece length (max.): 2,500 mm, workpiece height (max.): 160 mm, nominal power (apparent): 45 kVA, number of spindles: 14, Key Product Features & Technical Parameters of KMB2500 Bending Center(Panel Bender)1. Core Product Features Bending Capacity - Fast bending: 0.2s per stroke, one-step forming - Universal dies for arc, hemming & multi-angle bending, cut mold & labor cost - Processes carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, film-covered sheets - Switchable edge/corner positioning for consistent precision; 3 processing modes (High Precision/Standard/Ultra-Fast) Gedpfxexu Uhvj Apwjbr Mechanical Structure - Stress-relieved welded steel frame, higher rigidity & anti-resonance than cast frames - Press-arm feeding unit: 120m/min max feed speed, 1.9G acceleration - Hardened heavy-duty bending knives for long service life - Brush & ball worktable, auto lubrication, visual unbalanced load warning Intelligent Control - EtherCAT full closed-loop bus system, up to 64 axes, 2ms refresh, ±0.01mm accuracy - Auto angle/rotation compensation, die collision avoidance, offline simulation - IoT & cloud access, remote diagnosis & upgrade; reserved robot/production line interfaces - Simple graphic programming, low operator skill threshold Operation Merits - Full servo drive, low power consumption, low maintenance, ~55dB low noise 2. Technical Parameters -ower: 380V, average 7kW; Overall size: 6200×4500×2650mm - Max bending size: 2500×1250mm; Min thickness 0.3mm - Max thickness: 3mm steel/stainless steel, 4mm aluminum - Bend angle: -90°~90°(≤2.5mm steel), 0°~180°(≤2mm steel) - Max bend height 170mm, min arc radius 2mm - Min forming inner size customizable; Reducer backlash: 3 arcmin

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, machine/vehicle number: KF0409HKP20260601, functionality: fully functional, power: 7.5 kW (10.20 HP), input voltage: 380 V, type of input current: three-phase, pressing force: 100 t, stroke length: 200 mm, operating speed: 10 mm/s, reverse speed: 170 mm/s, throat depth: 400 mm, total length: 1,685 mm, total width: 2,300 mm, working width: 3,200 mm, workpiece length (max.): 3,200 mm, workpiece height (max.): 370 mm, bending angle (max.): 90 °, number of spindles: 4, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 6 mm, sheet thickness steel (max.): 4 mm, warranty duration: 12 months, Mechanical Structure 1. Frame: Integral thick steel plate welded structure with shot blasting stress relief, high torsion resistance, stable long-term precision; processed by large CNC boring & milling machine. 2. Sliding ram: Connected to cylinders via spherical joints; self-lubricating rectangular guide rails; fitted with 0.005mm grating scales on both sides for synchronous closed-loop detection. 3. Worktable: Equipped with motor-driven integral mechanical crowning wedge to compensate deflection. 4. Backgauge: Servo-driven ball screw with dual linear guides, modular multi-axis expandable design, fast and high-precision positioning. 5. Tooling & accessories: Quick clamping upper dies, dual V lower dies for fast mold change; adjustable front support stand with horizontal & vertical movement. 6. Anti-deviation structure: Dual-side grating scales eliminate throat deformation interference, strong anti-unbalanced load capacity. 7. Cantilever operation box conforming to ergonomics for easy operation. Hydraulic System 1. Integrated PHUCHIN hydraulic manifold, compact layout and zero leakage. 2. Original SKF/PARKER sealing rings for long service life. 3. Special oil tank with high cleanliness; oil level & temperature visual display; built-in overload protection. Electrical & Control System 1. Main SCHNEIDER electrical components, anti-interference and safe. 2. Movable foot switch with emergency stop; neat heat-dissipating electrical cabinet wiring. 3. DA53T CNC Controller (4+1 axes standard, expandable to 6+1 axes): - 15-inch color LED touch screen, multi-language support, mouse compatible - Storage: 999 workpieces, 20 upper molds + 20 lower molds, 100 programs with 25 steps each - Multiple ports: USB, RS232, Ethernet; supports robot linkage & automatic production line connection - Real-time mold graphics, programmable step speed, dual-machine linkage function Core Component Brands Hydraulic system: PHUCHIN/Bosch Rexroth; Oil pump: Hi-Tech/SUNNY; Grating scale: Italy GIVI; Seals: SKF/PARKER; Electric parts: Schneider; Main motor: Siemens/Lido Other Advantages Gbedpfx Apewfwkwewer - Comply with national JB & GB standards for press brakes; Noise ≤82dB(A) - 12-month warranty; 8-hour response & 24-hour on-site after-sales service 二、.Technical Parameters 1. Rated bending force: 1000KN 2. Max bending length: 3200mm; Column distance: 2700mm 3. Ram stroke: 200mm; Max opening height: 450mm; Throat depth: 400mm 4. Speed: Rapid traverse 180mm/s, working speed 0–10mm/s, return speed 170mm/s 5. Main motor power: 7.5KW; Power supply: 380V/50Hz three-phase 6. Precision Index - Y1/Y2 ram positioning accuracy: ±0.02mm; Repeat positioning: ±0.01mm - Workpiece angle tolerance: ±30' full length - X-axis backgauge repeat accuracy ≤±0.01mm; R-axis ≤±0.02mm 7. Environment requirements: Temp -5℃ ~ 40℃, humidity 55–85%RH, altitude ≤1000m 8. Standard axes: Y1,Y2,X,R,V (4+1 axes)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, machine/vehicle number: K09002KEP142020260601, functionality: fully functional, power: 15 kW (20.39 HP), input voltage: 380 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, pressing force: 40 t, stroke length: 200 mm, operating speed: 40 mm/s, reverse speed: 200 mm/s, table width: 500 mm, table length: 1,200 mm, table height: 1,150 mm, throat depth: 330 mm, ram plate length: 1,200 mm, clearance between the columns: 970 mm, retraction force: 40 t, total length: 1,340 mm, total width: 1,310 mm, total height: 2,170 mm, overall weight: 2,800 kg, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, actuation type: electric, Equipment: CE marking, safety light barrier, 1. Basic Information - Manufacturer: Jinan KaFe CNC; Model: KF-4012, self-developed proprietary design - Edge over hydraulic brakes: 80% energy saving, oil-free & eco-friendly, higher speed, precision & consistency - Applications: Cabinet, elevator, kitchen, solar, auto parts, home appliances & other sheet metal industries 2. Mechanical Structure 1. Frame: Full steel welded, FEA optimized, 5-face one-time machining for rigidity & long-term accuracy 2. Power Box: Heavy-duty ball screw + imported sealed bearings for stable bending load 3. Auto Compensation Worktable: Built-in deflection strips, dial fine-tune, standard reduction motor & scale 4. 4-axis Back Gauge: AC servo driven, auto collision avoidance during bending 5. Bending Dies: Quenched & ground, high tolerance accuracy, less secondary finishing, longer service life 6. Electrical Cabinet: Closed convection cooling, neat wiring, cantilever operation box; self-diagnosis, emergency stop & text fault alarm 7. Touch Screen: 5-wire type, over 10 million service cycles 3. CNC System (Taiwan SYNTEC) - 15-inch industrial touch screen, EMC & temperature tested industrial motherboard - Direct programming for simple bending tasks - Core intelligent functions: ±5μm repeated positioning (full closed-loop by grating/magnetic scale); auto back gauge calculation; mold library; one-time trial bend angle compensation; auto bending pressure calculation & overload alarm; continuous arc bending; password protection - System pages: Machining, Manual, Mold, Program, Compensation, Alarm, I/O Signals ## 4. Core Technical Parameters - Bending force: 400KN; Table length: 1250mm; C-type frame Gbodpfjza Rm Tsx Apwor - Ram stroke:200mm; Max opening:500mm; Throat depth:330mm - Speed: Rapid/Return 200mm/s, Working 40mm/s - 6 controlled axes: Y1/Y2/X/R/Z1/Z2; Dual 11KW Y-axis servo, peak feed power 15KW - Overall size:1340×1310×2170mm; Weight:2.8T 5. Standard Core Component Brands - Control & servo: Taiwan SYNTEC - Switches: OMRON (JP); Grating scale: GIVI (IT); Electric parts: Schneider (DE) - Bearings: INA (DE); Linear guide: Fulei (DE); Timing parts: Shanghai Fulong - Y-axis screw & guide: Nanjing brand - Note: Equal-grade brands replaceable if original stock unavailable 6. General Advantages - Mechanical: High rigidity, full closed-loop precision, auto deflection compensation, anti-collision back gauge, durable dies - Control: Intelligent process compensation, multi-safety protection, real-time fault diagnosis - Operation: Energy-saving, zero hydraulic oil cost, fewer secondary processes, high mass production efficiency