Used Elbh 21.000 M3/Hr. + Silo for sale (7,084)

Condition: ready for operation (used), SEW Eurodrive S62DT100LS-4BM/HR/TH/Z geared motor with brake SN: 010259205.9.03.03021,used, good condition, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos ATTENTION: Please inquire for charges for packing and transport separately! ATTENTION: Please enquire for charges for packing and transport separately! Fpsdpfx Anjudqtrezsh

Condition: ready for operation (used), HR-Heligaron T image intensifier CXI-3000 Series & CXI-5600.532-1.024 FOV + CV-M4+CL camera, used, minor signs of use, 100% functional, scope of delivery as per photos Fpodpfxel Ecime Anzjh

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7946 Technical Data: - Track width: 300 mm - Working width of shaft: 300 mm - Max. blade diameter: 350 mm - Blade bore diameter: 70 mm - Max. cutting height: 120 mm - Table width with extension: 1030 mm - Table length: 1840 mm – Top: - Kickback protectors (anti-kickback barrier): 2 rows - Metal feed roller, pressure type - Kickback protectors - Metal feed roller, pressure type - Shaft with saw blades - 2 smooth metal feed rollers – Bottom: - Guide rail - Kickback protectors - Track - Laser - Central lubrication of track - Stepless feed speed adjustment - Feed motor: 1.1 kW - Main motor: 18.5 kW - Extraction outlet diameter: 200 mm - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 1900x1800x1600 mm - Weight: 1770 kg Advantages: – Italian made – With laser – Unpainted – In very good condition – Used multi-blade saw Net price: 55,900 PLN Net price: 13,300 EUR Fpsdpoy Uxy Ssfx Anzoh Net price calculated at 4.2 PLN/EUR (In case of significant exchange rate fluctuations, the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, warranty duration: 6 months, year of last overhaul: 2025, total height: 700 mm, total length: 580 mm, total width: 1,380 mm, TOP ingredients silo from Riehle 7 containers, each with a capacity of 25 kg. Folding lid on top and at the front with a viewing window robust stainless steel design, table-top model Dimensions: 1380 x 580 x 700 mm, W x D x H Fpjdpfx Ajwbm I Rjnzjh Used, cleaned.

Year of construction: 2017, condition: as good as new (ex-display), Silo for sawdust with a filtration system. Fpsdpfx Aney Uzhlezoh

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, Gardner Denver VLT 40 oil-free vacuum pump, 150 mbar, 1.5 kW Manufacture: Gardner Denver Type: VLT 40 (01) Year of manufacture: 2007 Total: 1.5 kW Speed: 1420 r/min Weight: 52 kg Fjdpfx Aoufiq Eonzoph Air delivery: 42/50 m3/h Max vacuum: 150 mbar IP55

Condition: used, radial fan 2.2kw 5500m3/h supply fan VanDIJK radial fan air transport approx. 5500m3 stainless steel impeller. plastic housing direct drive motor 2.2 kw 380/220v revolutions: 2830/min Fjdpfx Anoufiz Rszjph pressure side pipe diameter: 250mm suction side pipe 200mm

Condition: good (used), For sale is a used Jolly 4-in-1 combination machine with a cutting length of 900 mm. The machine is in good condition and has been refurbished and inspected by our qualified technicians. Technical data: - Cutting length 900 mm - Cutting width 1900 mm - Cutting height 73 mm Fjdpfx Ansy U Iqaozjph - 2 milling speeds - Planing width 300 mm - Surfacing length 1430 mm - Max. passage height 205 mm - 3 motors The machine is located in A-5431 Kuchl and can be inspected at any time during our opening hours. Subject to prior sale! Related terms: combination machine, combined machine, planer, thicknesser, thicknessing machine, circular saw Reference: R-Y00ZA

Year of construction: 2007, condition: excellent (used), vertical, centrifugal pump vertical centrifugal pump 30m3/h chemical pump FIP ALPHA VCM 50-33 Year of construction: 2007 DN: 50 Nominal flow rate 30 m³/h Nominal head 25 m p [track]: 16 T [°C]: -25 ÷ + 140 RPM: 1450 electrical power 11KW 400V 50Hz engine speed: 1450 length: 1550 mm width: 550 mm Implementation: vertical, radially split scroll casing pumps sump pump or channel impeller Applications: treatment of paints, aggressive and technological fluids, even in the presence of solid particles, in the chemical and petrochemical industries Fsdeh T Dwfopfx Anzoph If you need more information. We are here to help! Please contact us using the contact form or give us a call Your ad has been automatically translated. Translation errors are possible.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, The new powerful dry-running pumps: The ADH series is specially designed for solar developed for the demanding processes of the semiconductor and LED markets, With a suction capacity of 600-4500 m3/h. Semiconductors: High H2 pumping rate The performance of the ADH series brings the following advantages to the process: -ADL process performance: high pumping efficiency of light gases enables faster chamber emptying between process steps - Epitaxy and EUV: high pumping speed and high flow rate Tolerance meets the most demanding process specifications Adixen AD30K dry pump, high vacuum, AD 30 KL Manufacturer: Alcatel Adixen Type: AD30K.H Year of manufacture: 2008 Adixen AD100K.H Manufacturer: Alcatel Adixen Type: AD100K.H Year of manufacture: 2008 Vacuum pump: Manufacturer: AERZEN Type: GM 2000 CM-C Speed: 6000 rpm Voltage: 200-460 V Frequency (mineral oil/PFPE oil): 100 c/s Maximum suction capacity: 4035 m3/h Maximum speed: 5920 rpm Engine power S 1 / S 6: 9/5.6 kW Year of manufacture: 2008 Fodpfxeikq Tyo Anzeph Weight: 345 kg Dry pump: Manufacturer: Adixen Type: BF ADP122 Year of manufacture: 2008 Power 1.5 kW Maximum suction capacity: 95 m3/h Maximum continuous inlet pressure: 50 mbar Maximum exhaust pressure: 1200 mbar Cooling water: 60 l/h Speed ​​(pump): 3000-3600 rpm Operating temperature of the pump: from 5 °C to 40 °C Inlet flange: DN 50 ISO-KF Exhaust flange: DN 40

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Orion KHA750A dry-run, oil-free vacuum pump Oil-free (dry scroll, i.e. dry scroll) pumps have a low final vacuum and enable high pumping speeds. Pumping capacity 145 l/min Pipe connection: RC 1/4 -- diam. 70mm Operating pressure: 8 - 48 kPa Air temperature: 0-40 °C, Fjdpfx Anjufh Upozeph humidity: normal level (65 ± 20%). Several pieces in stock

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, rotational speed (min.): 2,840 rpm, volume flow: 3,240 m³/h, pressing: 10,000 Pa, power: 18 kW (24.47 HP), High pressure centrifugal fan, dust extraction fan, pressure fan, vacuum fan, centrifugal fan, high pressure fan Spellna VRU 15-125-30H3 Condition: used impeller: forward curved steel, direct drive. 700mm Drive motor:18 kW p1:1,2kg/m3 pressure:9500-12000Pa Number of revolutions:2950rpm air transport:3240m3/h Volume output:0.9m³/s Print pt:100 mbar Connection input:Ø 300 mm Connection output:Ø 200mm Fpedpfeticdlox Anzjh Dimensions: 1400x1400x960mm Mass: 350

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, volume flow: 1.8 m³/h, total width: 800 mm, total length: 1,000 mm, total height: 1,450 mm, pressure: 16 bar, overall weight: 300 kg, BEKO Drypoint RA300 refrigeration dryer 300m3/h, +3°C /ct1933/ Fpsdpfxot A Uwto Anzsh Manufacturer: BEKO DRYPOINT Type: RA300 Year of manufacture: 2005 connection:dn80 pn16 Air delivery: 1800 m3/h, +3°C Operating pressure: 4-14 bar level-controlled BEKOMAT condensat drain Enclosure size: 1000x800x1410 mm Weight: 275 kg

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, The Bag Opening Silo is a compact and flexible solution designed for efficient emptying of small and big bags containing cement, lime, and other powdered materials. Big bags can be safely and easily unloaded using a forklift or other lifting equipment, ensuring a clean, safe, and controlled material transfer process. This system represents a practical solution for construction sites and production locations where bulk cement delivery by tanker is not possible, enabling continuous use of bagged materials. In addition to material emptying and dosing, the system can also be used as a temporary or permanent intermediate storage solution, providing full protection of the material from moisture, dust, and other external influences. The system can be easily connected to existing mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, allowing fast integration into the existing production process. Upon customer request, the system can be equipped with load cells for precise material weighing and control. The discharge capacity is 15 m³/h. Thanks to its compact construction, easy handling, and high functionality, the Bag Opening Silo represents a reliable and practical solution for handling powdered materials at various construction sites and production facilities. Fpjdpezcwrhofx Anzeh Available models: - BS 02 - Capacity: 2 m³ - BS 04 - Capacity: 4 m³ - BS 06 - Capacity: 6 m³

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, Horizontal cement silos with a capacity of 45 m³ represent a practical, flexible, and cost-effective solution for the storage and precise dosing of cement and other powdered materials. Thanks to their compact modular design, no foundations, additional construction work, or complex installation procedures are required. This makes the silos ideal for mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, as well as construction sites with limited space or frequent equipment relocation. The structure is manufactured from high-quality steel with durable surface protection, ensuring a long service life and reliable operation even in demanding working conditions. Each silo is standardly equipped with: - integrated aeration system, - dust filter, - safety valve, - material level sensors, - screw conveyor for continuous and reliable material discharge. The silos can also be equipped with an electronic system for connection to existing mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, enabling easy integration into existing production systems. The horizontal construction allows easy transportation and quick installation on site, while easily accessible components ensure simple and safe maintenance and cleaning. Available Versions HS 45 Standard – The Standard version is designed for reliable storage and continuous material dosing, ensuring simple operation and cost-efficient performance. Features: - Time-controlled material dosing - Easy integration with existing equipment - Ideal solution for standard production processes - Lower investment and maintenance costs HS 45 W-Series – The W-Series version is equipped with load cells for direct and precise material dosing. Features: - Real-time electronic weight measurement - Precise and automatic cement dosing - Enhanced control of mix structure and production process - Ideal for automated and professional concrete batching and mixing plants Available dosing capacity versions: Fpsdpszcwqqofx Anzjh - 15 m³/h - 25 m³/h - 40 m³/h

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, Horizontal cement silos with a capacity of 35 m³ represent a practical, flexible, and cost-effective solution for the storage and precise dosing of cement and other powdered materials. Thanks to their compact modular design, no foundations, additional construction work, or complex installation procedures are required. This makes the silos ideal for mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, as well as construction sites with limited space or frequent equipment relocation. The structure is manufactured from high-quality steel with durable surface protection, ensuring a long-term use and reliable operation even in demanding working conditions. Each silo is standardly equipped with: - integrated aeration system, - dust filter, - safety valve, - material level sensors, - screw conveyor for continuous and reliable material discharge. Fedpfx Aozcwp Honzeph The silos can also be equipped with an electronic system for connection to existing mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, enabling easy integration into existing production systems. The horizontal construction allows easy transportation and quick installation on site, while easily accessible components ensure simple and safe maintenance and cleaning. Available Versions HS 35 Standard – The Standard version is designed for reliable storage and continuous material dosing, ensuring simple operation and cost-efficient performance. Features: - Time-controlled material dosing - Easy integration with existing equipment - Ideal solution for standard production processes - Lower investment and maintenance costs HS 35 W-Series – The W-Series version is equipped with load cells for direct and precise material dosing. Features: - Real-time electronic weight measurement - Precise and automatic cement dosing - Enhanced control of mix structure and production process - Ideal for automated and professional concrete batching and mixing plants Available dosing capacity versions: - 15 m³/h - 25 m³/h - 40 m³/h

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, Horizontal cement silos with a capacity of 25 m³ represent a practical, flexible, and cost-effective solution for the storage and precise dosing of cement and other powdered materials. Thanks to their compact modular design, no foundations, additional construction work, or complex installation procedures are required. This makes the silos ideal for mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, as well as construction sites with limited space or frequent equipment relocation. The structure is manufactured from high-quality steel with durable surface protection, ensuring a long-term use and reliable operation even in demanding working conditions. Each silo is standardly equipped with: - integrated aeration system, - dust filter, - safety valve, - material level sensors, - screw conveyor for continuous and reliable material discharge. The silos can also be equipped with an electronic system for connection to existing mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, enabling easy integration into existing production systems. The horizontal construction allows easy transportation and quick installation on site, while easily accessible components ensure simple and safe maintenance and cleaning. Available Versions HS 25 Standard – The Standard version is designed for reliable storage and continuous material dosing, ensuring simple operation and cost-efficient performance. Features: - Time-controlled material dosing - Easy integration with existing equipment - Ideal solution for standard production processes - Lower investment and maintenance costs Fodpfxjzcwnij Anzoph HS 25 W-Series – The W-Series version is equipped with load cells for direct and precise material dosing. Features: - Real-time electronic weight measurement - Precise and automatic cement dosing - Enhanced control of mix structure and production process - Ideal for automated and professional concrete batching and mixing plants Available dosing capacity versions: - 15 m³/h - 25 m³/h - 40 m³/h

Year of construction: 2025, condition: new, Horizontal cement silos with a capacity of 15 m³ represent a practical, flexible, and cost-effective solution for the storage and controlled dosing of cement and other powdered materials. Thanks to their compact and modular design, there is no need for construction work, foundations, or complex installation procedures. This makes them ideal for mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants, as well as construction sites with limited working space or frequent equipment relocation. The silos are manufactured from high-quality steel and protected with durable surface coatings, ensuring a long service life and reliable operation even in demanding working conditions. Each unit is equipped with: - integrated aeration system - dust filter - safety valve - material level sensors - screw conveyor for continuous and reliable material discharge. The silos can also be equipped with an electronic system that enables easy integration with existing mobile and stationary concrete batching and mixing plants. The horizontal design allows easy transportation and fast installation on site, while maintenance and cleaning are simple and safe thanks to easily accessible key components. Available versions: HS 15 Standard – The Standard version is designed for reliable storage and continuous material dosing, offering simple operation and cost-efficient performance. Features: - Time-controlled material dosing - Easy integration with existing equipment - Ideal solution for standard production processes - Lower investment and maintenance costs HS 15 W-Series – The W-Series version is equipped with load cells for direct and highly accurate material dosing. Features: - Real-time electronic weight measurement Fpjdjzcwmrepfx Anzeh - Precise and automatic cement dosing - Improved control of mix structure and production process - Ideal for automated and professional concrete batching and mixing plants Dosing capacity available in the following versions: - 15 m³/h - 25 m³/h - 40 m³/h

Condition: used, Used concentration / evaporation system previously used to separate water from surfactant. Capacity for this process was approximately 8-12 m3/day of water/surfactant mix. System was built by Ecotecno during 2011/2012 and was shut down in April 2022. Process Description The concentration unit was used from 2012 to 2022 to distil wastewater to a solid content of around 40%. Based on owner's experience, the flow rate was between 8 m³ and 12 m³ per day. The unit consists of a distillation vessel (S101) operated under vacuum, with a pipe heat exchanger (E101) functioning as the condenser, through which the wastewater is pumped by the circulation pump (P102). The pipe heat exchanger heats the wastewater for distillation. The concentrated wastewater can later be removed from the system by pump (P103). Vapors enter the plate heat exchanger (E102) and enter the accumulator (S103) as condensed liquid, this is removed from the unit. The non-condensed vapor passes through the vacuum pump (P101) and enters the vacuum pump vessel (S102), where it is cooled with an internal spiral. System can be described as a single effect vacuum evaporator with condenser. Includes flash reservoir in vacuum, distillate tank, vacuum tank, plate heat exchanger. Full documentation for equipment available. Fjdpfx Aozcwitsnzeph

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1974, Technical details: pressure: 30 t ram surface area: 450x250 mm ram adjustment: max. 50 (manual) mm strokes per minute: 20 - 120 stroke: ca./approx. 20 mm mm adjustment of stroke: nein/ no stroke adj. mm dayligth: Arbeitsraum: 220 - 280 mm Table surface area useable: 600 x 600 mm total power requirement: 7,5 kW weight of the machine ca.: 5,0 t dimensions L x W x H: Maschine: 1,8 x 1,2 x 2,7 m Dimensions (LxWxH): Schaltschrank: 0,92 x 0,46 x 1,4 m Automatic punching press 4 columns mechanical Fsdpfx Aju Icx Renzeph with feed unit with control panel passage widths: Column opening front=350mm and side=258mm *

Condition: used, axle configuration: 3 axles, first registration: 07/2020, loading space length: 9,400 mm, loading space width: 2,500 mm, loading space height: 2,000 mm, total length: 11,100 mm, total width: 2,550 mm, total height: 3,850 mm, suspension: air, tire size: 385/65R22,5, color: other, Year of construction: 2020, Equipment: ABS, = Additional options and accessories = - EBS - Hydraulic system - Alloy wheels = Notes = Number of axles: 3, Tare weight: 5920 kg, Gross vehicle weight: 39000 kg, Chassis type: Complete chassis, Chassis material: Aluminum, Kingpin size: 2 inch, Alloy wheels, Suspension type: Air suspension, ABS, EBS, Hydraulic system, Body construction year: 2020, Body material: Aluminum, Side wall material: Aluminum, Number of sides: 1 side, Tipper drive: PTO, Drum volume: 37, Drum volume in: m3, Axle type: JOST = Additional information = General information Cab: Day cab License plate: KLEYN1 Powertrain Fuel type: Diesel Transmission Gearbox: Manual gearbox Axle configuration Tire size: 385/65R22.5 Brakes: Disc brakes Suspension: Air suspension Axle 1: Lift axle; Tire tread depth left: 9 mm; Tire tread depth right: 4 mm Axle 2: Tire tread depth left: 7 mm; Tire tread depth right: 10 mm Axle 3: Tire tread depth left: 4 mm; Tire tread depth right: 2 mm Weights Tare weight: 5,920 kg Payload: 33,080 kg GVW: 39,000 kg Environment Emission class: Euro 0 Maintenance APK (Periodic Motor Vehicle Inspection): valid until 08.2026 Condition Overall condition: average Fpjdpfx Aoyxbrljnzsh Technical condition: average Optical condition: average Damage: none Financial information Leasing price: 371 € per month (default, 60 months); Ask for more information and conditions = Company information = Kleyn Trucks is one of the world's largest independent dealers in used vehicles. Here you can choose from a constantly changing stock of 1200 used trucks, tractor units, and trailers. Our range includes all European brands from various years of construction and price ranges. Why buy from Kleyn Trucks? Simple! • Large, rapidly changing stock • Recognizable quality • A good price • Correct business practices • We speak many languages • We understand our customers • Assistance with import and transport • (Export) registration is quickly arranged • Expert technical services • The security of "recognizable quality" • And more.... Please visit our website for special offers and a complete inventory: Leasing through Kleyn Trucks is possible in most European countries! Quickly calculate your leasing rate and send an inquiry via our website. Ask directly about our European warranty package.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2019, machine/vehicle number: 2466698, load capacity: 280 kg, platform length: 2,400 mm, platform width: 900 mm, overall weight: 14,650 kg, transport length: 9,280 mm, transport width: 2,490 mm, transport height: 2,700 mm, fuel type: electric, color: green, Equipment: all wheel drive, Technical specifications: Year of manufacture: 2020 Engine: Electric, 48 kW Working height: 28.00 m Platform height: 26.00 m Platform width: 0.90 m Platform length: 2.40 m Reach: 19.00 m Fpsdpfeyqz Eujx Anzsh Basket dimensions (L x W): 2.40 m x 0.90 m Overall dimensions (L x W x H): 9.28 m x 2.49 m x 2.70 m Load capacity: 280 kg Gradeability: 40 % Travel speed: 4.7 km/h Total weight: 14,650 kg General signs of wear, fully functional.

Condition: used, mileage: 9,35,000 km, power: 316 kW (429.64 HP), first registration: 06/2005, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 26,000 kg, axle configuration: 3 axles, color: white, emission class: euro4, Year of construction: 2005, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, had accident, Tel.: Call (Contact · Telephone · Mobile · WhatsApp) Special equipment: Tow hitch: Rockinger 500 G 6, work lights (2) on cab roof, mechanical battery isolator switch, cab: with 2 rear wall windows, tinted, pneumatic parking brake on front axle, flame start system, tinted windshield, automatic climate control, heated fuel filter, radio pre-wiring 12V, retarder, tinted side windows, seat cover/upholstery: comfort quality, exterior sun visor, stabilizer on both rear axles, 24V two-pin cab socket, tinted door windows, front underrun protection Further equipment: Axle configuration: 6x4, front axle load 8.0 t, trailer socket 24V / 7-pin, trailer socket ABS, anti-slip regulation (ASR), exterior mirrors electrically adjustable and heated, wide-angle exterior mirrors and electrically adjustable and heated, right, 175 Ah battery, battery box, MAN-Tronic on-board computer, curb mirror right, rear axle differential lock, twin halogen headlights, EDC engine control, electronic braking system MAN-Brakematic, EURO 4 engine, cab size: L, cab with air suspension, comfort driver's seat, tachograph, suspension: leaf/leaf, electric window lifters, 100 A alternator, speed limiter 80 / 85 km/h, 12-speed transmission - type: ZF 12 AS, Tipmatic, rear axle HY-1370, interior filter: pollen filter, body/chassis: chassis, EVB rocker-brake, fuel tank: 400 ltr., adjustable steering column (steering wheel), 1-cylinder air compressor, engine 10.5 ltr. - 316 kW diesel, rear axle disc brakes, front axle disc brakes, side protection device, front axle stabilizer, plastic bumper, cross member for tow coupling, rear underrun protection, front axle VOK-08 dropped, electronic immobilizer, central locking, permissible total weight 26.00 t Fedpfx Asul Nxwsnzeph * MAN Tga 26.430 6x4 * Silo body * Manual transmission * With sleeper cab * Full leaf suspension * Euro 4 * VIN: WMAH26ZZ35M415365 * Gear shift unit defective * Old tachograph * Year of manufacture: 2005

Condition: used, mileage: 9,40,718 km, power: 315 kW (428.28 HP), first registration: 04/2002, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 32,000 kg, axle configuration: > 3 axles, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro3, * Mercedes Actros 3243 BB 8x4 * Silo loader * Full leaf spring suspension Fsdpfsmiggcex Anzoph * Manual transmission * VIN: WDB9533041K743516 * Engine type: 541946 * kW: 315 * Euro 3 * Displacement: 11,946 ccm * Unladen weight: 15,290 kg * Payload: 16,635 kg * Gross weight: 32,000 kg * Axle load: 7,500 / 7,500 / 9,500 / 9,500 kg * Wheelbase: 1,700 mm * Vehicle length: 8,100 mm * Vehicle width: 2,520 mm * Vehicle height: 3,220 mm * Net price * All information without guarantee Tel./WhatsApp:

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7901 Technical specifications: - track width: 300mm - working width of roller: 300mm - max saw blade diameter: 350mm - saw blade bore diameter: 70mm - max cutting height: 120mm - table width with extension: 750mm - table length: 1530mm - from above: - kickback prevention barriers (safety barrier against material reverse) - metal sliding roller - kickback prevention barriers - metal sliding roller - shaft with saw blades - 2 smooth metal sliding rollers - from below: - guide rail - kickback prevention barriers - track - central track lubrication Fedpjy S Aaksfx Anzsph - stepless feed speed adjustment - feed motor: 1.5kW - main motor: 22kW - brake - suction nozzle diameter: 200mm - overall dimensions (L/W/H): 2300x1370x1570mm - weight approx.: 1700kg ADVANTAGES – Italian manufacturing – very good condition – technical DTR documentation – used multi-blade saw Net price: 32,900 PLN Net price: 7,830 EUR (calculated at 4.2 PLN/EUR) (Prices may change with significant exchange rate fluctuations)