Used Randek Sp700 Crosscut Saw for sale (5,727)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2015, machine/vehicle number: 417/1-505, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 29,856 h, cutting height (max.): 80 mm, cutting width (max.): 3,100 mm, saw blade diameter: 350 mm, cutting length (max.): 4,200 mm, Equipment: scorer, The machine is still in operation and will be available starting October 9, 2026! TECHNICAL DETAILS Cutting length: 4,200 mm Cutting width (program slider travel): 3,100 mm Cutting height: 80 mm Saw blade overhang: 85 mm Min. clamping width: 0 mm Max. clamping width: 1,300 mm Saw units Bdsdpfxjznbkks Apvef Main saw motor: 11 kW Main saw blade diameter: 350 mm Scoring saw motor: 1.5 kW Scoring saw blade diameter: 180 mm Motorized groove cutting device: 0–35 mm MACHINE DETAILS Software: Opti-Cut Display: 17″ TFT Control system: Opti-Cut Electrical data Operating voltage: 400 V (+10 % / -5 %) Mains frequency: 50 Hz Electrical connection rating: 20 kW Total weight: 6,200 kg Operating hours: 29,856 h EQUIPMENT Angle stop on the left 7 roller rails 8 clamping devices Clamping device opening: 82 mm First clamping device with double finger 4 air cushion tables 1 central blower Labeling package including label printer Opti-Cut software installed Printing and clamping system Cutting height automation Pressure beam height control Angle and backstop device

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, machine/vehicle number: 122668, functionality: fully functional, cutting height (max.): 460 mm, cutting width (max.): 600 mm, saw band length: 7,470 mm, saw band width: 54 mm, section length (max.): 760 mm, section length (min.): 8 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Saw Blade Dimensions: 7,470 x 54 x 1.3 mm Cutting speed: infinitely variable (approx. 1:7) Working Area Material diameter - round material: max. Ø 460 mm Material dimensions - square material (w x h): max. 600 x 460 mm Cut-off length - single stroke: min. 8 mm, max. 760 mm Cut-off length - multiple strokes: min. 8 mm, max. 9,999.9 mm Minimum part length in automatic mode: 90 mm Working Height Working height: 720 mm MACHINE DETAILS Dimensions & Weight Bdedpfx Ajzmdrnspvef Dimensions (L/W/H): 2,320 x 3,660 x 2,570 mm Width with chip conveyor (option): 4,650 mm Weight: approx. 6,000 kg Electrical Data Main motor: 7.5 or 9.2 kW Hydraulic motor: 2.2 kW Saw drive motor: 0.18 kW Coolant pump: 0.19 kW Chip conveyor (option): 0.18 kW Roller conveyor drive (option): 0.8 kW NC positioning drives (option): 0.37 kW

Year of construction: 2017, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 9588, Reconditioned Production Ready！ Ref Code:1027 Prisma 600 Saw blade diameter vertical: 600 mm Saw blade diameter horizontal: 500 mm Bodpfx Ajzlaucopvedf Notching width: at 90° processing of profiles up to 300 mm, pointed mitres up to 30° Profile height max. 280 mm Notching depth: at 90° horizontally up to 185 mm / at 90° vertically up to 230 mm Material stop: swivel 30° - 90° - 45° Swivelling material stop with detent points and digital display Latch height motorized adjustable with digital display Motorized adjustment of angles with digital display Hydropneumatic material feed via 2-hand operation Pneumatic material tensioners Coolant lubrication

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Raimann ProfiRip KM310M multi-blade saw Mobile saw, 1 unit Track width 330mm Maximum blade spacing 310mm Maximum material feed width 800mm Cutting height with pressure plate 100mm Cutting height without pressure plate 115mm Blade size 280-360mm Bdjdpfezqzunex Apvef Quickfix system Feed rate adjustable via inverter up to 35m/min Main motor power 37kW Year of manufacture 2006

Condition: excellent (used), Catalog number: 7996 TECHNICAL DATA - max. main blade diameter with scoring blade: 400mm - blade bore diameter: 30mm - max. cutting height: 120mm - main blade adjustable up/down + angle - blade guard - with a sizing carriage - cutting length on the carriage: 3200mm - cutting width with guide: 1270mm - with a side carriage - with a scoring blade - max. scoring blade diameter: 120mm - spindle diameter: 20mm - scoring blade motor: 0.75kW - main motor: 5.5kW - 2 types of rotational speeds: 4000, 6000 rpm - dust extraction nozzle diameter: 75mm, 100mm - table dimensions: 1060x640mm - table dimensions with extension and widening: 1660x1550mm - dimensions (L/W/H): 3350x3470x1400mm - weight: 770kg ADVANTAGES – clamping bar included Bdsdpfjzh I Ayex Apvef – with table extension and widening – unpainted – used saw, very good condition Net price: 16,900 PLN Net price: 4,030 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.2 EUR (Prices are subject to change due to higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7116 TECHNICAL DATA - Wheel diameter: 630 mm - Table dimensions: 880x700 mm - Table adjustable at an angle - Motor: 3 kW - Max cutting height: 300 mm - Throat (blade to frame): 580 mm - Extraction nozzle diameter: 90 mm - 2 speed settings - Brake - Dimensions (L/W/H): 1200x920x2250 mm - Weight: 702 kg ADVANTAGES – Manufactured in Poland – DTR technical documentation – Very good condition – Used saw Net price: 8,500 PLN Net price: 2,020 EUR Net price calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (In case of major fluctuations in the exchange rate, the price may change) Bdjdpfx Aozh Hv Sjpvef

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7623 Technical data: - max saw blade diameter 300mm - spindle diameter 30mm - blade guards 2 pcs - pneumatic blade feed - saw units adjustable to 45° - manual adjustment of saw unit spacing - min cutting length at 90° 300mm - max cutting length at 90° 4600mm - cutting width 90mm - cutting height at 90° 90mm - pneumatic clamps 2 pcs - control buttons - material supports 3 pcs - main motor 2×1.1kW - extraction port diameter 2x90mm - dimensions (L/W/H) 5030x1150x1400mm - weight approx. 500kg ADVANTAGES – Italian production – tiltable saw units – used saw, in very good condition Bedpfszhu S Ijx Apvsdf Net price: 15900 PLN Net price: 3780 EUR (depending on the rate of 4.2 EUR) (Prices may change with larger fluctuations)

Condition: used, CATALOG NUMBER 7585 Technical specifications: - wheel diameter: 630 mm - table dimensions: 850x810 mm Bsdpszhu Nyefx Apvjdf - angle-adjustable table - motor: 3 kW - max cutting height: 320 mm - band-to-frame throat: 600 mm - dust extraction port diameter: 90 mm - brake - dimensions (L/W/H): 1300x830x2050 mm - weight: 420 kg Advantages: – Polish production – DTR documentation – very good condition – used saw Net price: 8,500 PLN Net price: 2,020 EUR Net price calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (in case of significant exchange rate fluctuations, the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 8017 TECHNICAL DATA - track width 335mm - arbor width 400mm - max. blade diameter 350mm - blade arbor diameter 80mm - max. cutting height 120mm - table width with clearance 700mm - table length 1720mm from above: - guides/pawls - roller, sliding pressure, metal - guides/pawls - roller, sliding pressure, metal - arbor with saw blades - sliding pressure arbor, metal 2 pcs from below: - pneumatic guide rail - sliding metal roller - guides/pawls - track - sliding metal roller, output - electric body lifting 0.35kW - manual arbor lifting with saw blades Bodpfxszh Ik Re Apvedf - central lubrication - stepless feed rate adjustment 1.5kW - main motor 30kW - laser 3 pcs - floating blade - additional sleeve for multi-blade saw - blade cleaning - diameter of dust extraction nozzle 260mm - overall dimensions L/W/H 2300x2000x2150mm - weight approx. 3000kg ADVANTAGES – German made – Floating blade – Laser 3 pcs – Blade cleaning – Additional sleeve for multi-blade saw – Pneumatically adjustable guide rail – Stepless speed adjustment – Used multi-blade saw, very good condition Net price: 136900 PLN Net price: 32595 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.20 EUR (Prices are subject to change due to fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7050 TECHNICAL DATA - Wheel diameter: 800 mm - Table dimensions: 1100x800 mm - Angle-adjustable table - Motor: 5.5 kW - Max cutting height: 340 mm - Throat/clearance (blade to frame): 680 mm - Extraction port diameter: 90 mm - Dimensions (L/W/H): 1500x950x2600 mm - Weight: 987 kg ADVANTAGES Bdsdpfxjy R A Ede Apvef – Manufactured in Poland – Very good condition – Used saw Net price: 8,900 PLN Net price: 2,120 EUR based on exchange rate 4.2 EUR (Prices may change with significant fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7602 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Sharpening speed: automatic - Cooling - Belt support arms - Grinding wheel size: 120 mm - Motor power: 0.17 kW, 400 V - Dimensions (L/W/H): 500x700x1200 mm - Weight: 120 kg ADVANTAGES – Made in Poland – Unpainted – Belt support arms – Used sharpening machine – Very good condition Net price: 4,900 PLN Net price: 1,160 EUR based on an exchange rate of 4.2 EUR (Prices may change with significant fluctuations) Bdodpfxezh Hxte Apvsf

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER: 7947 Technical specifications: - Track width: 300 mm - Shaft working width: 300 mm - Max. saw blade diameter: 350 mm - Saw blade bore diameter: 70 mm - Max. cutting height: 120 mm - Table width with extension: 750 mm - Table length: 1540 mm – From above: - Kickback barriers (anti-return block for material) - Metal roller guide - Kickback barriers - Metal roller guide - Shaft with saw blades Bdjdjzh Ixbepfx Apvjf - 2 smooth metal idler rollers – From below: - Guide rail - Kickback barriers - Track (caterpillar) - Central track lubrication - Stepless feed speed adjustment - Feed motor: 1.5 kW - Main motor: 37 kW - Extraction port diameter: 200 mm - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 1800x1550x1500 mm - Weight: approx. 1700 kg Advantages: – Italian manufacture – Very good condition – DTR technical documentation – Used multirip saw Net price: PLN 33,900 Net price: EUR 8,070 (based on EUR/PLN 4.2) (Prices may change with significant exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number: 7863 TECHNICAL DATA - Track width: 300mm - Working shaft width: 300mm - Max. disc diameter: 350mm - Disc bore diameter: 70mm - Max. cutting height: 120mm - Table width with extension: 750mm - Table length: 1530mm Bedpszbavgsfx Apvedf - Top: - Kickback barriers (protection against material reversing) - Metal sliding roller - Kickback barriers - Metal sliding roller - Shaft with saw blades - 2 smooth metal sliding rollers - Bottom: - Guide bar - Kickback barriers - Track - Laser - Centralised track lubrication - Infinitely variable feed speed via inverter - Feed motor: 1.5kW - Main motor: 26kW - Brake - Extraction port diameter: 200mm - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 1700x1400x1600mm - Weight approx.: 1700kg ADVANTAGES - Italian manufacture - Equipped with laser - Very good condition - Used multi-blade saw Net price: 39,900 PLN Net price: 9,500 EUR (based on an exchange rate of 4.2 EUR) (Prices may vary subject to higher exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7394 TECHNICAL DATA - max main blade diameter: 380mm - max cutting height: 110mm - main blade height adjustable up/down - spindle diameter: 30mm - spindle lock - with sliding table - cutting length on sliding table: 2560mm - cutting width at rip fence: 810mm - with side table - main motor: 5.5kW - table dimensions: 1250x730mm Bdjdpezh Hv Eefx Apvjf - blade guard included - overall dimensions (L/W/H): 2580x2570x1050mm - weight: 780kg ADVANTAGES – German-made – Used saw, very good condition Net price: 7900 PLN Net price: 1880 EUR (based on 4.2 EUR rate) (Prices may change with significant currency fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7541 Technical Specifications: - Maximum diameter of main saw blade (without scorer): 400mm - Maximum diameter of main saw blade (with scorer): 350mm - Blade bore diameter: 30mm - Maximum cutting height for 400mm blade: at 90 degrees – 120mm, at 45 degrees – 85mm - Maximum cutting height for 350mm blade: at 90 degrees – 95mm, at 45 degrees – 67mm - Main blade adjustable vertically and for angle - Blade guard - Equipped with side sliding table - Cutting length on sliding table: 1700mm - Cutting width on sliding table: 1400mm - Cutting width at fence: 1350mm - Main motor power: 6kW - Table dimensions: 1190x990mm - With table extension: 1880mm - With table enlargement: 1890mm - With scorer unit - Maximum scorer blade diameter: 120mm - Scorer spindle diameter: 20mm - Scorer motor power: 0.75kW - Three spindle speeds: 3500, 4500, 6000 rpm - Brake - Extraction port diameter: 80, 120mm - Machine dimensions (LxWxH): 3050x2200x1600mm - Weight: 800kg ADVANTAGES – Manufactured in Poland – DTR documentation included – Blade guard – Equipped with scorer unit – With table extension and enlargement – Used saw, in very good condition Bdodpfszhv Absx Apvof Net price: 15,900 PLN Net price: 3,780 EUR (based on exchange rate 4.2 EUR) (Prices may change with significant rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER: 8026 TECHNICAL DATA: - Max. cutting length: 3100 mm - Max. cutting height: 80 mm - Max. cutting width: 570 mm - Main saw motor power: 10 kW - Blade diameter: 450 mm - Work table height: 850 mm - Work table width: 660 mm Bedpfxszf Ixpe Apvjdf - Dust extraction port diameter: 1x160 mm, 1x170 mm - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 5500x2100x1600 mm - Weight: approximately 2500 kg ADVANTAGES: - Suitable for trimming boards - Used saw, very good condition Net price: 29900 PLN Net price: 7119 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.20 EUR (Prices are subject to change due to significant fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7904 Technical data: - Max cutting height: 160mm - Max element width: 700mm - Working width of the shaft with saws: 600mm - Shaft diameter: 70mm - Max saw blade diameter: 450mm - Top: - Pawls - 2 geared feed rollers - Pressure with metal slip roller - Bottom: - Slip roller - Pawls - Geared feed roller - Shaft with saws - Smooth feed roller - Metal slip roller - Infinitely variable feed speed control - Feed motor: 1.5kW - Main motor: 55kW - Overall dimensions L/W/H: 1700x1400x1900mm - Weight: approx. 2740kg ADVANTAGES – Made in Poland – Robust construction – Used machine, in very good condition Net price: 56,900 PLN Bdedpfx Apezh Ib Njvsf Net price: 13,550 EUR Net price calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (in case of larger exchange rate fluctuations, the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 8031 TECHNICAL DATA - track width 300mm - working width of the roller 300mm - max. disc diameter 350mm - disc bore diameter 70mm - max. cutting height 120mm - table width with extension 1030mm - table length 1740mm * from above: - kickback pawls (barrier to prevent material from retracting) 2 rows - sliding roller, metal, pressure roller - kickback pawls/ratchets - sliding roller, metal, pressure roller Bdsdpfxszha Ize Apvsf - roller with saws - 2 smooth, metal sliding rollers * from below: - guide strip - kickback pawls/ratchets - track - central, electric track lubrication - stepless feed speed adjustment - feed motor 1.1kW - main motor 25kW - dust extraction nozzle diameter 1x200mm, 1x120mm - overall dimensions L/W/H 2550x1800x1450mm - weight 1770kg ADVANTAGES - Made in Italy - Unpainted - Very good condition - Used multi-blade saw Net price: 57900 PLN Net price: 13786 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.20 EUR (Prices may vary due to larger fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7678 TECHNICAL DATA - Guide bar length: 1670 mm - Cutting length: 1500 mm - Automatic lubrication of the cutting system - Damping and tensioning system in the head - Manual feed of the guide bar - Electric motor: 7.5 kW - Transport dimensions (L/W/H): 1650x900x2350 mm - Total weight: 240 kg ADVANTAGES – Austrian manufacturing – Suitable for cross-cutting packs or round timber – Unpainted – Mobile, on wheels – Used saw, very good condition Bjdpfx Apozh If Ievjdf Net price: 25,900 PLN Net price: 6,160 EUR depending on an exchange rate of 4.2 EUR (Prices may change with greater fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7751 TECHNICAL DATA - Track width: 250mm - Working width of roller: 250mm - Max blade diameter: 300mm - Blade bore diameter: 60mm - Max cutting height: 100mm - Table width with extension: 520mm - Table length: 1580mm *from above: - pawls: 2 rows - metal pressure slip roller - shaft with saw blades - smooth metal slip roller *from below: - slip roller - guide rail - pawls - track Bjdpfozcc Rcsx Apvodf - central track lubrication - stepless feed speed adjustment - feed motor: 0.75kW - main motor: 15kW - extraction port diameter: 200mm - overall dimensions L/W/H: 1640x1400x1550mm - weight: 1000kg ADVANTAGES – Italian manufacture – in very good condition – used multi-blade saw Net price: 32,900 PLN Net price: 7,830 EUR Net price calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (if there are significant exchange rate fluctuations, the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 8006 TECHNICAL DATA - max. diameter of the main saw blade with scoring blade: 350mm - max. diameter of the main saw blade without scoring blade: 450mm - cutting height with installed 350mm blade: 100mm - electric adjustment of the main blade up/down + angle - electric angle display - electric adjustment of the scoring blade up/down, left/right - spindle diameter: 30mm Bjdpfx Apszh Izpevjdf - spindle locking - with a rip fence carriage - cutting length on the carriage: 3400mm - cutting width with the guide: 1300mm - with a side carriage - with a scoring blade - max. diameter of the scoring blade: 120mm - spindle diameter: 22mm - scoring blade motor: 0.75kW - main motor: 5.5kW - 4 types of blade speed - electronic speed display - dust extraction port diameter: 120mm, 80mm - table dimensions: 1220x730mm - table dimension with extension: 1440mm - table dimension with extension: 2060mm - blade guard - dimensions (L/W/H): 3550x3400x1500mm - weight: 1140kg ADVANTAGES – electric adjustment of the blade and scoring blade – with original angle guide – carriage length: 3400mm – made in Germany – unpainted – used saw, very good condition Net price: 38,900 PLN Net price: 9,260 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.2 EUR (Prices may vary due to higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7212 TECHNICAL DATA - Track width: 250mm - Shaft width: 400mm - Shaft diameter: 80mm - Maximum blade diameter: 400mm - Blade bore diameter: 80mm - Maximum cutting height: 140mm - Table width with clearance: 730mm - Table length: 2130mm From the top: - Pawls - Pressure shaft, slip type - Pawls - Pressure shaft, smooth - Saw shaft - Smooth pressure shaft, 4 pcs From the bottom: - Smooth slip shaft - Pawls - Track Infeed table + guide rail: - Roller width: 460mm - Feeder dimensions (L/W): 1660x630mm - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 2010x630x900mm Outfeed table: - Feed rollers: 8 pcs - Roller width: 800mm - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 4400x980x880mm - Centralized lubrication - Electric body raising/lowering: 0.55kW - Electric adjustment of saw shaft: 0.55kW Bedpezh Ilzefx Apvedf - Stepless feed speed adjustment: 1–39m/min - Feed motor: 1.1kW - Main motor: 30kW - Extraction port diameter: 210mm - Overall dimensions of multirip saw (L/W/H): 2520x1870x2000mm + control panel - Total weight: approx. 2500kg ADVANTAGES – German-made – High cutting height – Infeed and outfeed tables – Used multirip saw, very good condition Net price: 89,900 PLN Net price: 21,400 EUR Net price calculated at the exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (Price may change in case of significant exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, CATALOGUE NUMBER 8030 TECHNICAL DATA - Track width 495mm - Working width of the saw blade shaft 500mm - Max. blade diameter 500mm - Max. cutting height 170mm - Blade arbor diameter 80mm - Table dimensions 2170x950mm - Min. material length 740mm * Top: - Pneumatic pressure roller - Feed rollers/pawls, 2 rows - 2 smooth, metal feed rollers - Saw blade shaft - 3 smooth, metal feed rollers * Bottom: - Guide rail - Feed roller - Feed rollers/pawls - Track - Toothed feed roller, metal - Central lubrication, electric - Infinitely variable feed speed adjustment 2.5 – 24 m/min - Electric lifting of the machine body up/down, 0.55kW - Feed motor 5.5kW - Main motor 75kW - Dust extraction nozzle diameter 290mm - Overall dimensions L/W/H 2800x2100x2000mm - Weight 4250kg ADVANTAGES – Made in Germany – Control panel at eye level – Max. cutting height 170 mm – Multi-blade saw, used – Very good condition Bodozg Hanjpfx Apvjdf Net price: 78900 PLN Net price: 18786 EUR, depending on the exchange rate of 4.20 EUR (Prices are subject to change due to currency fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number: 7885 TECHNICAL DATA - Max main blade diameter: 400 mm - Max cutting height: 120 mm - Main blade adjustable up/down and at an angle - Large blade guard - Spindle diameter: 30 mm - Cutting length on sliding table: 1400 mm - Cutting width at guide: 1300 mm - With side sliding table - Guide on side table adjustable at angle - Main saw motor power: 4 kW - 2 speeds: 3000/4500 rpm - Table dimensions: 1120x1020 mm - Table dimensions with extension: 1630x1730 mm - Extraction port diameter: 80 mm, 140 mm - Dimensions (L/W/H): 3300x2180x1450 mm – weight: 1040 kg Bodpfx Aszhvbdopvsdf ADVANTAGES – Polish production – DTR documentation – Used saw - Very good condition Net price: 9900 PLN Net price: 2360 EUR (at rate 4.2 EUR) (Prices may change with exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7890 Technical specifications: - Track width: 245 mm - Shaft width for edger: 380 mm - Shaft width for multi-blade saw: 320 mm - Max. blade diameter: 350 mm - Blade bore diameter for edger: 80 mm - Blade bore diameter for multi-blade saw: 65 mm - Max. cutting height: 120 mm - Table width (clearance): 900 mm Bdedpezhvhkjfx Apvef - Table length: 1,780 mm Top components: - Pawls/kickback devices - Smooth pressure roller - Pawls - Smooth pressure roller - Short element insert - Shaft with saw blades - 2 smooth pressure rollers Bottom components: - Guide - Pawls/kickback devices - Track - Centralized lubrication - Laser - Stepless feed speed adjustment - Feed motor: 1.1 kW - Main motor: 30 kW - Manual body height adjustment - Manual saw shaft adjustment - Extraction outlet diameter: 210 mm - Overall dimensions (L x W x H): 1900 x 1500 x 1800 mm - Approximate weight: 2,000 kg ADVANTAGES – Made in Germany – Stepless feed speed adjustment – Shaft with floating blade for edging – Sleeve for multi-blade saw included – Laser – Short element insert – Used multi-blade saw, in very good condition Net price: PLN 55,900 Net price: EUR 13,300 (based on exchange rate of 4.2 EUR/PLN) (Prices are subject to change depending on exchange rate fluctuations)