Used For Bruderer Presses Sound Insulating Cabin for sale (23,161)

Condition: good (used), Code: 0119 Brand: KOLMAG - ITALY Model: PGP 600 F Hydraulic press for moulds, frames, furniture elements, solid wood doors, plastic materials, composite materials and various Press modular structure with heavy thick plates without weldings and worked by tool machine Oleodinamic plant with pistons prefilling system in order to have a quick opening and closing of the platens Dimensions of massive steel platens mm 1600 x 500 - Thickness mm 60 with electric resistances - Max temperature 260°. N° 3 pistons diameter mm 240 Pressure kg/cm2 56 Thrust Tonn 450 Safety photocells Hydraulic power unit Kw 7,5 Lsdpfxewk Ntzs Alyoah Power absorbed heating platens 31 Kw Control board with pressure control gauge - Timer for platens opening - Telethermometer to regulate upper platen temperature - Telethermometer to regulate lower platen temperature - Switches for opening and closing of the platens - Emergency push button Overall dimensions mm 2250 x 1700 x 3300 h Weight kg 9000

Condition: excellent (used), Briquetting machine POR Oscar 9kW Average briquette output: 130-180 kg Briquette diameter: 70 mm Motor power: 9 kW Laedpfxexdahye Alysh Feeding hopper diameter: 1170 mm Technical documentation CE mark Machine weight approx. 800 kg

Condition: excellent (used), total length: 3,500 mm, total width: 1,300 mm, overall weight: 7,000 kg, operating pressure: 300 bar, transport length: 4,350 mm, transport width: 1,600 mm, transport height: 2,350 mm, Simimpiantin Shelf Press for Veneering 3500×1300 Shelf length: 3500 mm Shelf width: 1300 mm Two loads Press with 8 cylinders Lsdpfx Aoxxpgbjlyjah Shelves heated with water from central heating Max. working pressure: 300 bar Piston diameter: 80 mm Machine weight: 7000 kg Machine dimensions: 435×160×235 cm (H)

Condition: good (used), Code: 0223 Brand: ITALPRESSE Model: PHF Hydraulic press for curved veneers for processing seats, chair backs, benches, tables and other curved items Technical data: Platen dimensions mm 2600 x 1600 Lajdexmhcdjpfx Alysh Opening between platens mm 1500 Thrust ton 100 Movement from bottom to top Motor power Hp 4

Condition: excellent (used), Self-loading press for gluing Orma LS/ECO/CA 30/13 Working length 3000mm Working width 1300mm Laedpfxsv Nhx Uo Alyjh Automatic material loading Glue application system Shelves heated with oil to 130C Top pressure force 57t Side pressure force 9t Year of production 2001 CE certificate

Condition: good (used), Code: 0158 Brand: ITALPRESSE Model: LOCK FORM SYSTEM AIR - CE Standard Hydraulic air membrane press with loading and unloading - CE Standard 3-D coated on one face lamination of veneer to panels shaped or profiled on one face and flat on the other to produce cabinet door raised panels, drawer fronts, desk tops, table tops, kitchen tops, etc. 3-D lamination of plastic foils (PVC, PPE, ABS, Transfer foil ) to panels sheped or profiled on one face to produce: cabinet doors, drawer fronts, desk tops, table tops, kitchen tops, store fixture components, room doors, etc. Platen dimensions mm 2650 x 1250 Piece height mm 55 Lasdpfx Aljpvk Dioyoh Pressure control manometer Automatic pressure reset Opening timer

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1987, machine/vehicle number: 17251, Pressing force: 63 tons, with draw cushion and separate hydraulic unit. Lsdpfx Aljz Nhp Ioyoah

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2023, operating hours: 2,245 h, load capacity: 2,500 kg, lifting height: 4,900 mm, free lift: 1,380 mm, load center: 600 mm, fuel type: gas, mast type: triplex, construction height: 2,250 mm, motor manufacturer: KUBOTA, gearing type: hydrostat, fork carriage width: 1,400 mm, fork length: 1,200 mm, fork width: 120 mm, fork thickness: 50 mm, tire condition: 100 %, front tire type: cushion tires (black), front tire size: 16 x 7 x 10½, rear tire type: cushion tires (black), rear tire size: 23 x 10 x 16, overall weight: 8,800 kg, empty load weight: 6,300 kg, total height: 2,250 mm, total length: 1,550 mm, total width: 1,500 mm, color: green, Equipment: CE marking, all wheel drive, cabin, head guard, lighting, pallet forks, sideshift, # 🚜 COMBILIFT CB3000 | LPG | 4900 MM | FORK POSITIONER | SIDE SHIFT | FULL CABIN | READY FOR WORK ✅ ## 🔧 FULLY SERVICED MACHINE | 🛡️ WARRANTY | 🌍 WORLDWIDE DELIVERY AVAILABLE If you are looking for a forklift that will generate value from day one instead of incurring maintenance costs, this machine is the perfect solution. We offer a modern and fully prepared COMBILIFT CB3000 multidirectional forklift, professionally serviced, thoroughly inspected, and ready for immediate operation in warehouses, production facilities, timber yards, steel service centers, and logistics environments. --- ## ⭐ Key Benefits ✅ Fully serviced prior to sale ✅ Start-up warranty included ✅ Excellent technical and cosmetic condition ✅ Low operating hours – only 2,245 h ✅ Ready for immediate operation with no additional investment required ✅ Live online demonstration available ✅ Direct delivery to your facility available --- # 📋 TECHNICAL DATA 🏭 Manufacturer: COMBILIFT 🚜 Model: CB3000 📅 Year of Manufacture: 2023 🔢 Serial Number: 73868 ⚖️ Capacity: 2,500 kg 📏 Load Center: 600 mm ⛽ Engine: Kubota LPG Gas ⚙️ Engine Power: 42 kW 🕒 Operating Hours: 2,245 h ⬆️ Lift Height: 4,900 mm 🏋️ Machine Weight: 6,300 kg --- # 📐 DIMENSIONS 📏 Overall Height: 2,250 mm 📏 Construction Height: 2,250 mm 📏 Overall Length: 1,550 mm 📏 Overall Width: 1,550 mm 📏 Fork Positioner Width: 1,400 mm --- # 🔩 FORKS 📌 Fork Length: 1,200 mm 📌 Fork Section: 120 x 50 mm --- # 🛞 TIRES Front: 16 x 7 x 10½ Rear: 23 x 10 x 16 --- # 🛠️ EQUIPMENT ✅ Full enclosed cabin ✅ Heating system ✅ Radio ✅ Hydraulic fork positioner ✅ Side shift ✅ Working lights ✅ Kubota LPG engine ✅ Multidirectional steering system ✅ Operator comfort package --- # 🏭 IDEAL FOR 🌲 Timber and wood processing industry 🪑 Furniture manufacturers 🏗️ Steel mills and steel service centers 🔩 Aluminium and PVC profile handling 📦 Handling of long loads ↔️ Narrow aisle operations 🏢 Indoor and outdoor applications --- # 🤝 WHY CHOOSE FT LOGISTICS? When purchasing from FT LOGISTICS, you are working with a company specialized exclusively in: ✅ Sideloaders ✅ Multidirectional forklifts ✅ Long-load handling equipment ✅ Specialist material handling solutions Every machine undergoes a comprehensive technical inspection, full service, and operational testing before delivery. 🌍 With more than 100 machines available from stock, we supply customers throughout Europe, South America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. --- # 🚀 WE PROVIDE 🔧 Full service before delivery Ledpfxjz Ni Dts Alyjah 🛡️ Warranty 👨‍🔧 Professional technical support 💰 Leasing and financing assistance 🚛 Transport organization 📄 Export documentation and customs support 🔩 After-sales service --- Hundreds of customers across Europe trust our equipment and continue to return for future purchases. 📹 We can arrange a live online demonstration. 📸 Additional photos and videos available upon request. 🚛 Customized transport quotation available for any destination worldwide. --- # FT LOGISTICS ### 🚜 We Deliver Machines Ready for Work.

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2019, operating hours: 5,614 h, load capacity: 4,000 kg, lifting height: 4,600 mm, free lift: 2,200 mm, load center: 600 mm, fuel type: gas, mast type: duplex, construction height: 3,000 mm, motor manufacturer: G.M., gearing type: hydrostat, fork carriage width: 1,150 mm, fork length: 1,200 mm, fork width: 150 mm, fork thickness: 50 mm, tire condition: 100 %, front tire type: superelastic tires (black), front tire size: 200/50-10, rear tire type: superelastic tires (black), rear tire size: 27X10-12, overall weight: 10,150 kg, empty load weight: 6,150 kg, total height: 2,400 mm, total length: 2,400 mm, total width: 2,250 mm, color: yellow, Equipment: CE marking, all wheel drive, cabin, lighting, pallet forks, sideshift, USED FORKLIFTS WITH QUALITY GUARANTEE – FT LOGISTICS 🔧 🕓 Years of experience | 🧰 Own service & paint shop | 🚛 In-house transport | 🤝 After-sales support Looking for a forklift you can rely on? We are a trusted dealer of new and used forklifts, serving clients all over Europe — from small businesses to large industrial plants. Our forklifts are more than just machines — they ensure smooth, safe, and efficient logistics. 🌟 Why choose us? ✅ Full technical inspection (service, filters, oils, key components) ✅ Optional UDT safety certification ✅ In-house paint & repair workshop ✅ EU-wide delivery by our trained drivers ✅ Operator training & test on delivery ✅ Full post-sale service & spare parts ✅ Financing available – invoice in EUR or PLN ✅ Hundreds of satisfied European clients 🚜 OFFER: COMBILIFT C4000 – Four-way / Multi-directional Forklift Laedpjz Ni Ekofx Alyjh 📅 2019 | ⏱ 5,614 h | ⚙️ GAS | 🏋️ 4,000 kg | 📏 Duplex Mast 4,600 mm 🔩 Fork positioner 1,150 mm | Forks 1,200 mm 🛞 Superelastic tyres (100%) | Free lift 2,200 mm 💯 Condition: Excellent – fully serviced & tested 📐 Dimensions: H: 2,400 mm | L: 2,400 mm | W: 2,250 mm Ideal for narrow aisles, long loads, wood, steel, or tube industries — suitable indoors & outdoors. FT LOGISTICS – Quality you can rely on. Service you can trust. 💼

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, Hydraulic Press Bunorm 4S-500 Manufacturer: Bunorm AG Model: 4S-500 Year of Manufacture: 2014 Pressing Force: 500 kN Maximum Pressure: 225 bar Weight: 3,200 kg Electrical Connection: 3×400 V + N + PE Frequency: 50 Hz Protection: 20 A Control System: Siemens Simatic HMI Touch Safety System: SICK C4000 Light Curtain SCOPE OF DELIVERY Includes, among others (non-exhaustive list): Hydraulic Press Bunorm 4S-500 Exact scope of delivery as shown in the photo series. Laedpfxexfl Axe Alyjh The Bunorm 4S-500 hydraulic press impresses with its robust construction and a pressing force of 500 kN at a maximum pressure of 225 bar. With its solid build and a weight of 3,200 kg, the press is suitable for demanding production applications. The integrated Siemens Simatic HMI Touch control system enables precise and user-friendly operation. Thanks to the modern SICK C4000 light curtain safety system, a high level of operator protection is ensured. This machine is the ideal solution for companies that value reliability, precision, and safety. No guarantee is given for the correctness, completeness, or currentness of the information provided.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1974, Vulcanizing Press Mapelli T60 Manufacturer: Mapelli Type: T60 Year of manufacture: 1974 Operating voltage: 380 V Frequency: 50 Hz Control panel: Integrated temperature controllers and operating modules Heating control: Three separately adjustable temperature zones Main switch: Present Manual/automatic operation: Selectable via control panel Ledjx Exndepfx Alyoah Safety features: Emergency stop Pressure display: Analog manometer Press area: Vertical closing unit with upper and lower heating plates Construction: Robust steel design Application: Vulcanizing and pressing of molded parts The Mapelli T60 vulcanizing press is a heavy-duty industrial press designed for reliable and uniform vulcanization processes. The robust housing made of solid steel ensures high stability and longevity. The clearly arranged control panel allows for precise adjustment of heating temperatures, operating modes, and pump functions. Three digital temperature controllers enable precise regulation of the heating plates, ensuring reproducible results during vulcanization. The vertical pressing mechanism offers a solid support and closing unit, ideal for molded parts and various materials. The machine features an integrated safety circuit including emergency stop, as well as an analog pressure gauge to monitor the pressing process. Due to its industrial design, the Mapelli T60 is excellently suited for continuous operation and offers an economical solution for companies requiring robust vulcanizing technology. No guarantee is given for the accuracy, completeness, or currentness of the information provided.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, AL-KO POWER UNIT® 300 P-BP 30 -50 Intake nozzle: 300 mm Engine rated power: 7.5 kW / 3-phase Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz Maximum volumetric flow rate: 6000 m³/h Laedpsh D If Hofx Alysh Nominal volumetric flow rate: 5,089 m³/h Negative pressure: 2,587 Pa Filter area: 30 m² Dimensions (L x W x H) in mm: 3,000 x 1,361 x 2,817 Briquetting capacity: 30 - 50 kg/h Briquet diameter: 50 mm Weight: 1570 kg Machine is brand new and in stock at our warehouse. - AVAILABLE IMMEDIATELY - Subject to prior sale Location: 54634 Bitburg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Gannomat Concept 70 Eco Laminate – Body press with rapid traverse Technical data: Laminate body press from our showroom; Working area: width from 150 – 2,500 mm, height from 150 – 1,400 mm; depth 700 mm; - Laminate press beam at the top with 6 elements, laminate press beams on the side with 5 elements - Laminate press beams with proven tolerance compensation for tight body joints - Counterpressure surfaces are 40 mm thick, coated, continuous support plates - The pressing force of the press beams is continuously adjusted electronically via 2 potentiometers and set via a frequency converter, therefore, the torque transmission is absolutely wear-free. - Pressing force for horizontal press beams min. 500 daN (kg) to continuously max. 2200 daN (kg) - Pressing force for vertical press beams min. 300 daN (kg) to continuously max. 2200 daN (kg) - Including option: Lodpfxoiidm Ns Alyjah Rapid traverse speed for quick positioning of the press beams, controlled via automatic workpiece detection with sensors in the press beams, pressing speed 5/10/25 mm/sec. and rapid traverse speed 50 mm/sec, the sensors can be switched off for pressing special parts. - Tapping mode for precise positioning of the two press beams, e.g. for low pressing forces, drawers and bodies at 45 degrees. Simple operation via 6 separate push buttons, freely adjustable preselection of pressing time with automatic opening, loading height 300 mm The machine is in our showroom and can be delivered immediately. Location: in stock at 54634 Bitburg - immediately available -

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, TECHNICAL DATA Pressing force 30t Maximum load on prism jaw 7.5t Piston stroke 160mm Piston travel 550mm Dimensions and weights Length (product) approx. 1240mm Width/Depth (product) approx. 650mm Height (product) approx. 1920mm Weight (net) approx. 280kg Clear opening 790mm Maximum installation height 1030mm Frame depth 200mm SCOPE OF DELIVERY 2-part prism set for inserting round material Hand and foot levers Winch for raising and lowering the table Location: Ex works - available for immediate delivery - Lodpfx Alsi Amnpsyoah

Year of construction: 2026, condition: as good as new (ex-display), Vacuum Membrane Press The VP series is the optimal solution for woodworking. The VP 3000 is equipped with heating technology, which shortens the drying time of the adhesive, thereby increasing performance. Possible applications: Veneering / Form gluing / Coating... Coating of various profiles (veneer, paper, plastic...) Wood bending: Production of bent and laminated components The heating system is equipped with temperature control. Rubber membrane 2.5 mm Table top is made of plastic, 12 mm Oil-free Becker vacuum pump, 25 m3/h The control system for the vacuum / tank capacity is 15 l Working area: 3000x1500mm Heating system temperature: Max. 60 degrees C Lodpodwh E Ajfx Alyoah Heating system: 4.5 kW Pump power: 0.75 kW Vacuum pump capacity: 25 m3/h Rubber membrane External dimensions: 3100 x 1650 x 1600 mm Weight: 450 kg The machine is equipped with a chassis. Location: Available ex-stock in 54634 Bitburg - free loading -

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2024, New hydraulic heating plate press Manufacturer: ITALPRESSE, Type XL/6 30-13 with gold-anodized plates Touch display control - Electric heating plates, 3,000 x 1,300 mm - Total pressure: 90 tons - Number of heating plates: 2 pcs. - Number of tiers: 1 pc. - Cylinder stroke: 350 mm - Tier opening: 350 mm - All-side loading - Number of pressure cylinders: 6 pcs. - Diameter of pressure cylinders: 85 mm - Power requirement of hydraulic unit: 3 kW - Electric heating plates made of solid, hard aluminum with built-in heating wires - Heating power: 22 kW - High-pressure insulation plates - Working temperature: 90° C - Max. temperature: 120° C - Operating voltage: 400 V/50 Hz - Safety regulations according to CE standard Standard equipment: Ljdedx R Tfopfx Alyeah - Movement of the press table with rack and pinion and parallel guides at 2 corners of the press table, made of self-lubricating material - Electronic control unit with touch screen for controlling and monitoring the machine - Digital timer for setting the pressing time and automatic opening - Digital input and monitoring of the pressing pressure - Digital timer for setting the pressing time - Digital diagnostics and display of error messages - Safety circuit with two-hand operation - Safety pull cord - Safety bracket for the lower press table Integrated accessories: - Touch screen TS/400 - EFC Electronic flatness control - Gold-anodized heating plates (bus bars) Location: In stock at 54634 Bitburg - Immediately available -

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2026, Technical specifications: Laminated panel press from our showroom; Working area: width from 150 - 2,550 mm, height from 150 - 1,400 mm, depth from 150 - 700 mm; Variable pressure adjustment 300/700/1100/1400/1800/2200 dN (kg) of the side pressing beam; Variable pressure adjustment 500/800/1200/1500/1900/2200 dN (kg) of the top pressing beam. Simple operation via 6 separate push buttons, freely adjustable pre-selection of pressing time with automatic opening function, loading height 300 mm. The machine is in our showroom and can be delivered immediately. Lsdpfxob Eln Dj Alyjah Location: available from our warehouse in 54634 Bitburg.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, FLAT PANEL CASE CLAMP GANNOMAT "CONCEPT 70 EASY 170" Fully equipped in standard configuration with: - Sturdy, torsion-resistant steel frame made with welded and bolted construction - Lateral pressing beam with continuous pressure surface, equipped with a 25 mm thick coated support plate - Counter-pressure surfaces (side pressure wall, base) are continuous, 25 mm thick coated support plates - Electromotoric adjustment of the pressing beam via precision trapezoidal threaded spindles (with increased pitch and concentric accuracy) and high-performance carriage nuts with grease reservoir - Pressing is performed by electromotor via worm gear motor (0.75 kW) - The pressing force of the pressing beam is infinitely variable and electronically set via potentiometer, regulated by frequency converter, allowing completely wear-free pressure force control - Pressing force for vertical pressing beam: min. 300 daN (kg) up to stepless max. 2200 daN (kg) Ljdow Sgnkopfx Alyoah - Pressing and adjustment speed of the pressing beams with fine positioning, via 3-stage selector switch: 5 / 10 / 25 mm per second - Jog mode for precise positioning of the pressing beam, e.g. for low pressing forces such as drawers, etc. - Extremely simple operation via two separate pushbuttons; two motion sequences (open/close) can be selected via controller - Freely adjustable pressing time preselection 0–30 min (switchable to seconds or hours), with individually programmable opening dimensions for both pressing beams - Re-pressing function to increase or decrease the pressing force during the pressing process - Working height/loading height: 200 mm - Working dimensions: Length min: 150 mm, max: 1300 mm Height min: 150 mm, max: 1700 mm Depth: 700 mm Electrical connection: 400 Volt, 50 Hz, 16 A Available: at short notice

Condition: new, stroke: max. 500daylight: max. 1000motor: 15performance of pump: 65oil filling: 120messurements (LxWxH): 1300 x 3300 x 2950weight approx.: 6000pressure: 300Speed: vorlauf 8 / rücklauf 13,5Electro-hydraulic workshop press 300 t- Anti-rotation device for the cylinder piston - Pressure regulating valve - Speed control throttle valve Lajdpez Hgb Asfx Alyoh - Emergency stop safety device - Noise level: 75 dB - Soft starter - Two-hand control panel - Linear measuring device for stroke adjustment with digital display - Pressure gauge - Digital pressure display - Emergency stop buttons on the control cabinet and on the two-hand control panel - Hydraulic tank including motor mounted at the lower side next to the frame - Hydraulic lines with check valves - Table manually height-adjustable and secured with 3 locking pins

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, COLUMBUS PIONEER – Modular Vacuum & Membrane Press with Lifetime Guarantee The COLUMBUS Pioneer is the professional solution for joineries and woodworking shops looking to produce flexibly and invest securely for the long term. Ideal for: * Veneering * Form gluing Laedpfx Aljz Izrfsysh * Laminating * Thermoforming * Solid surface materials * Curved workpieces Your benefits: * Modular system – can be expanded at any time * Lifetime guarantee on the machine frame * Robust industrial construction * Columbus 360° included: Master Manual + AI support * Premium components from BECKER, FESTO, and SIEMENS * Simple operation and high reliability Features: * Quick-change membrane system * Natural rubber membrane rated up to +130 °C * Adjustable vacuum pressure from 400–900 mbar * Connection for external vacuum bag * Sturdy phenolic resin work surface * Smooth-running swivel casters Available sizes: * L: 3,050 x 1,350 mm * XL: 4,050 x 1,350 mm * XXL: 4,050 x 1,700 mm COLUMBUS has been developing vacuum technology for professional users for 50 years. Viewing and consultation available by appointment.

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, COLUMBUS PIONEER – The Modular Professional Vacuum Press for Flexible Joineries More possibilities. More applications. More future security. The COLUMBUS Pioneer is not just a vacuum press, but a well-designed complete system for modern joineries and woodworking businesses. Ideal for: * Veneering * Form bending * Laminating * Thermoforming * Solid surface materials * Curved and complex workpieces Why choose COLUMBUS? Many businesses discover completely new uses and additional orders within a short time because the Pioneer makes jobs economical that were previously turned down. Your advantages: * Modular system – grows with your business * Lifetime warranty on the machine structure * Heavy-duty industrial construction for decades of use * Columbus 360° included: Practical expertise, master manual, and AI support for maximum application safety * Premium components from BECKER, FESTO and SIEMENS * Simple operation and reproducible results Equipment: * Quick-change membrane system Lajdpfx Asz Iz Dbelyjh * Highly elastic natural rubber membrane up to +130°C * Pressure regulation from 400–900 mbar * Connection for external vacuum bag * Sturdy phenolic resin worktop * Smooth-running swivel castors Available sizes: * L: 3,050 x 1,350 mm * XL: 4,050 x 1,350 mm * XXL: 4,050 x 1,700 mm COLUMBUS has been developing vacuum technology for professional users for almost 50 years. Viewing and personal consultation available by appointment.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1992, functionality: fully functional, Press force: 135 t Bending length: 3050 mm Distance between uprights: 2550 mm Control system: LVD MNC 95 Total power consumption: 14 kW Lsdpoz I N Hwofx Alyjah Machine weight (approx.): 7,700 kg

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, Pellet production line ZEPPI ! Capacity - 2t/h Laedpfxez I S Svj Alyoh Pellet press - ZEPPI 132 Kw Year - 2014 Exellet condition !

Condition: reconditioned (used), Year of construction: 2015, Presto HAN10R Ljdpfsz E U Twox Alysah Year of manufacture: 2015 2 units immediately available Skip loader container 10 cubic meters usable volume Top-hinged discharge door Two-part lid, opening to the left/right above the filling opening Prepared for ramp operation Technically refurbished, inspected, and serviced Painted in RAL6018 We will gladly prepare an offer including delivery.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2010, Used press brake from MVD Ledpfx Aoz Il U Rslyjah Type EAP12 040D Capacity 1250 x 40 tons Delem DA56 CNC control Y1, Y2 and X axes CNC controlled Akas Fiessler laser safety system Includes numerous tools