Used Porta Horizontal Multispindle Machining Center for sale (72,187)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, Ref. -No.: 10633 Manufacturer: ANAYAK Type: VH Plus 2000-MG Year of construction: 2002 Type of control: CNC-Steuerung Control: Heidenhain Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Germany serial number: M200XXX Ndjdszc D Enepfx Ab Usb X-Travel: 2000 mm Y-Travel: 1500 mm Z-Travel: 1500 mm No. Of Working Stations: 90 Control: 106.253 H machine: 93.170 H Program run: 41.859 H Head and turntable: 1600 x 1450 mm

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2010, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 610 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 610 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 610 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 60 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 60 m/min, controller model: Fanuc 16iMB, workpiece height (max.): 745 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 630 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 400 kg, table load: 400 kg, overall weight: 10,000 kg, spindle speed (max.): 20,000 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 50, tool weight: 10,000 g, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Specification Value Machine Type 4-Axis Horizontal Machining Center Pallet Size 400 x 400 mm Number of Pallets 2 (Automatic Pallet Changer) Table Load Capacity 400 kg X-Axis Travel 610 mm Y-Axis Travel 610 mm Z-Axis Travel 610 mm B-Axis 0.001° Indexing Spindle Speed 20,000 rpm Spindle Taper SK40 Gearbox Yes Spindle Motor Power Approx. 22 kW Rapid Traverse Rate 60 m/min Tool Magazine Capacity 50 Tools Tool-to-Tool Time Approx. 1.3 sec Maximum Tool Weight 10 kg Coolant Through Spindle Yes Chip Conveyor Included Machine Weight Approx. 10,000 kg Ndodpfoy Uvhgjx Ab Ueb Kitamura Mycenter HX400iSII horizontal machining center in very good technical condition. Machine equipped with high-speed 20,000 rpm spindle, gearbox, automatic pallet changer (2 pallets), chip conveyor, through-spindle coolant and FANUC 16i-MB control system. Suitable for high-precision and high-speed machining applications.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2003, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 870 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 710 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 660 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 50 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 50 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 50 m/min, controller model: Fanuc 16iMB, workpiece height (max.): 1,100 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 800 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 600 kg, spindle speed (max.): 15,000 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 50, Equipment: chip conveyor, rotational speed infinitely variable, Specification Value Machine Type 4-Axis Horizontal Machining Center Pallet Size 500 x 500 mm Number of Pallets 2 (Automatic Pallet Changer) Table Load Capacity 800 kg X-Axis Travel 870 mm Y-Axis Travel 710 mm Z-Axis Travel 660 mm B-Axis 0.001° Indexing Spindle Speed 15,000 rpm Spindle Taper SK40 Gearbox Yes Spindle Type Gear Driven Spindle Motor Power Approx. 26 kW Rapid Traverse Rate 50 m/min Tool Magazine Capacity 50 Tools Tool-to-Tool Time Approx. 1.5 sec Nodpfxoy Uvlfs Ab Uedb Maximum Tool Weight 20 kg Through Spindle Coolant Yes Chip Conveyor Included Machine Weight Approx. 20,000 kg Kitamura HX500i Alpha horizontal machining center in very good technical condition. Machine equipped with 15,000 rpm gearbox spindle, SK40 spindle taper, automatic pallet changer (2 pallets), chip conveyor, through-spindle coolant system and FANUC 16i-MB CNC control. Suitable for precision machining and demanding production applications.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, Control: Siemens 840D powerline Ndjdpfx Aszb R I Tob Usb Travel paths X/Y/Z: 630/630/630 mm 2-fold pallet changer Spindle speed: 10,000 rpm Knoll coolant system with paper band filter Tool holder: SK40 Tool magazine with 80 stations

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 25,960 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 238911, travel distance X-axis: 1,400 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,200 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,325 mm, table length: 800 mm, spindle speed (max.): 8,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel range, X-axis: 1,400 mm Travel range, Y-axis: 1,200 mm Travel range, Z-axis: 1,325 mm Table area (L x W): 800 x 800 mm Spindle speed: 8,000 rpm Spindle torque: 1,218 Nm Tool changer positions: 80 MACHINE DETAILS Number of pallets: 2 Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 8,000 x 3,000 x 3,500 mm Weight: approx. 30,800 kg Operating Hours (according to image) Operating hours: 54,415 h Power-on hours: 30,498 h Cutting hours: 25,960 h EQUIPMENT Tool magazine for 80 tools, SK 50 DIN69871 Air blow-off device on the workpiece Nedpozi Ai Rofx Ab Usdb Interface for high-pressure cooling system 70 bar, Knoll Chip conveyor Preparation for Mazak Monitoring System B, optical probe type OMP60 Synchronized tapping Rapid traverse with constant pitch during angular movements 2-pallet changer Spindle with increased torque NC rotary table with 360,000 positions MAZAK Monitoring System B, optical probe type OMP60 Automatic tool length measurement

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, machine/vehicle number: 18966, functionality: fully functional, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Working area, X-axis: 3,309 mm Working area, Y-axis: 1,703 mm Working area, Z-axis: 120 mm Nodpfszdy S Sex Ab Uedb Table length: 3,100 mm Table width: 1,500 mm Number of milling spindles: 1 Number of controlled axes: 3 Tool clamping system: HSK-F63 Tool changer positions: 12 MACHINE DETAILS System/Software: BiesseWorks Capacity: 360 m³/h Connection diameter: 70 mm Vacuum: 300 bar Main motor power: 11 kW Power consumption: 24 A Power: 14.2 kW Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 4,500 x 2,350 x 2,000 mm Empty weight: 1,530 kg Transport packages: 2 Vacuum pump Busch MM 1322 A VM8 Year of manufacture: 2012 Main motor power: 6 kW EQUIPMENT CE marking CE certificate Documentation (Electrical diagrams, parts list, technical data, user manual (NL, paper form)) Safety fence, safety light curtain Milling table: Flat table Material clamping system: Pneumatic

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2006, machine/vehicle number: AA1/015406, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 14,808 h, working width: 1,300 mm, spindle speed (max.): 24,000 rpm, working height: 200 mm, working length: 3,110 mm, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! The machine is still in operation and can be inspected while powered on. TECHNICAL DETAILS Working area X-axis: 3,110 mm Working area Y-axis: 1,300 mm Working area Z-axis: 200 mm Maximum travel X-axis: 3,500 mm Maximum travel Y-axis: 1,815 mm Maximum travel Z-axis: 440 mm Table length: 3,050 mm Table width: 13 mm Number of milling spindles: 1 Spindle speed: 600 - 24,000 rpm Number of controlled axes: 5 Horizontal drilling spindles: 6 Vertical drilling spindles: 12 Tool changer positions: 16 MACHINE DETAILS Main motor power: 11 kW Main motor power of the vacuum pump: 5.5 kW Capacity of the vacuum pump: 250 m³/h Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 9,000 x 2,450 x 2,850 mm Installed dimensions (L x W x H): 4,600 x 6,500 x 3,400 mm Shipping dimensions: 9,000 x 2,450 x 2,850 mm Empty weight: 4,000 kg Shipping packages: 1 unit Njdjzdy E Sjpfx Ab Usdb Operating hours: 14,808 h EQUIPMENT Milling table: Beam table Tool clamping system: HSK-F63 Material clamping system: Pneumatic Drilling tool Saw unit System/Software: Xilog plus Safety feature: Safety mat Vacuum pump: Becker CNC options: Chip conveyor, Hand control CNC documentation: User key/licenses

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 560 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 610 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 625 mm, Machine type: Horizontal machining center Manufacturer: OKUMA Type: MA-400HA Year of manufacture: 2008 Control system: OSP P200M Country of origin: Japan Delivery time: short-term, by arrangement 4-axis machining center, high productivity, including various accessories Machine equipment: - ConSep chip conveyor system with high-pressure pump - Various software packages - Touchsetter with length measurement and breakage detection - Work area shower Ndedpozm U Ndjfx Ab Uob Technical details: - Travels - Axes X-axis (column right-left) mm 560 Z-axis (table forward-backward) mm 625 Y-axis (spindle up-down) mm 610 B-axis 1° 0 - 360° - Number of pallets: 2 (pallet changer for 2 pallets) - Pallet size (mm): 400 x 400 - Max. pallet load capacity (kg): 400 - Max. pallet workpiece dimensions (mm): 500/600 x 710 - Spindle speed (rpm): 15,000 - Main spindle (10min/cont): 22/18.5 kW - Tool holder: BT40 - Tool magazine: 60 positions Optional: - Transport organization and execution - Machine delivery and installation - Machine commissioning

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, x-travel 810 mm y-travel 610 mm z-travel 640 mm b-axis 360 ° Control Ultimax spindle tunring speed 8.000 U/min power capacity 56 kW tool taper SK 50 rapid traverse 45/40/45 m/min auto power on hours ca. 13.674 h spindle hours ca. 4.211 h In our assessment, the machine is in good used condition and can be inspected under power by appointment. Technical features & accessories: - Internal coolant system 40 bar - Dual pallet changer 500mm x 500mm with clamping tower and zero-point clamping system (Quant) Accessories, tools, and clamping devices shown are only included in the Nedpfezbmzvox Ab Ujdb scope of delivery if this is noted in the additional information. Subject to changes and errors in the technical data and specifications, as well as prior sale!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, Two Heckert H55 4-axis machining centers for sale. Travel distances: x: 700 mm, y: 750 mm, z: 780 mm. Machine dimensions: length: 7060 mm, width: 3030 mm, height: 3835 mm, weight: 10,900 kg. Ndedpew D Hhcofx Ab Usb

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, CNC machining center Deckel Maho DMF 250 linear, year of manufacture 2002, and DMC 63 H, year of manufacture 2002 Nedpfx Abeyphl Eo Uodb

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, Technical details: x-travel: 690 mm y-travel: 400 mm z-travel: 550 mm B-axis (table): 360° mm control: Siemens 840 D number of spindle speeds: max. 15 000 U/min tool clamping: System nach DIN 69893 tool taper: HSK-A63 tool changer magazine: chain magazine: 12 places Stück traversing speed: x/y/z Axis: 40 total power requirement: 195 kW weight of the machine ca.: 13,0 t Ndsdpfx Aju Idl Ssb Ujb Traveling Column Milling Machine - the tool changing unit consist of 3 -NC axis and 1 NC- rotary table axis - ATC ( with magazine) - rotary table Type SKH-NC 4/029, diameter=460mm , table surface plate Ø 500 x20mm, revolution per minute max. 22 rpm - control panel SIEMENS - Spindel-Typ: DRF-WE-255-N-W-15-30, 15000 U/min., Spindelleistung = 30 kW - chip conveyor Make Knoll type 400K-3/280, ejection height 1150mm - cooling system for spindle make SCHIMBKE Type DK 80V, 3,36 kW i.D. *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1984, functionality: fully functional, We offer this used Makino MC 65 horizontal machining center, year of construction 1984. Ndjdpfx Aozivz Teb Usb Type: MC 65 Serial number: 80.4000.0107 Year of manufacture: 1984 Manufacturer: Makino Model: MC65 Year of manufacture: 1984 Control: Fanuc System 6M Technical Specifications Horizontal CNC Machining Center Twin pallet system Pallet size: 500 × 500 mm X-axis travel: 630 mm Y-axis travel: 510 mm Z-axis travel: 510 mm Spindle taper: BT50 / ISO50 Spindle speed: 4,000 rpm Automatic tool changer: 40 positions Fanuc System 6M CNC control Included: Twin pallet system 40-position automatic tool changer BT50 spindle Machine documentation (if available) If you have any questions or need more information, feel free to send us a message or give us a call.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1987, functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 380 V, type of input current: three-phase, We offer this used HELLER BEA 05 horizontal machining center, year of construction 1987. Type: BEA 05 Serial number: 40311 Year of manufacture: 1987 Phase: 3~ Voltage: 380 V Frequency: 50 Hz Nominal current: 79 A Circuit diagram number: 5151 Manufacturer: HELLER Model: BEA 05 Year of manufacture: 1987 Control: uni-Pro NC80-C Technical Specifications Vertical CNC Machining Center CNC control: uni-Pro NC80-C Vertical spindle SK50 spindle taper Rotary CNC table (4th axis) Ndodpfx Aozivzyeb Usb Automatic tool changer Machine weight: approx. 7,000 kg Installed power: 50 kW Power supply: 380 V / 50 Hz Air supply: 6 bar Floor space required: approx. 4.0 × 4.2 × 3.1 m The machine is working and used condition. If you have any questions or need more information, feel free to send us a message or give us a call.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, operating hours: 23,000 h, travel distance X-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 950 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,000 mm, controller model: OSP-E100M, spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! Submitting a bid obligates you to collect the machine on time by the end of week 26 of 2026! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel in X-axis: 1,000 mm Travel in Y-axis: 950 mm Travel in Z-axis: 1,000 mm Main spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Table width: 630 mm Nodpfx Abozbamfs Usdb Table height: 630 mm NCB B-axis: 0.001 degrees MACHINE DETAILS Control system: OSP-E100M Dimensions (L x W x H): 6,500 x 3,460 x 3,280 mm Operating hours: approx. 23,000 h EQUIPMENT 2 APC pallet changing systems 100 ATC tool changer SK50 with tool ID Coolant system Mayfran Consept Renishaw preparation (receiver) Tool breakage monitoring installed in the magazine (special development) An optional tool package with 230 tools is available for the machine for €5,000. The seller can offer dismantling, transport securing, removal and loading for an additional charge of €7,850.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, Technical details: spindle speed:: max. 12000 tool taper: HSK 80 . b-axis: 360 x 0,001 ° worktool support (A-axis): ° weight of the machine ca.: 25 500 Kgs. x-travel: 800 mm y-travel: 700 mm z-travel: 630 mm Ndedpfx Aswdywdjb Uob dimensions of the machine ca.: 6200 x 3000 x 3200 mm pallet size:: 500 x 500 mm no. of tools in the magazine: 61 Nos. Weight approx.: 23,5 t Horizontal Machining Center with CNC Control System SIEMENS 840 C in well maintained condition. Single spindle *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, Heller MC16 103 Serial No. 32-44069 Year of manufacture: 1999 Spindle speed: 45-16000 1/min SK40 X-axis travel: 630 mm Y-axis travel: 630 mm Z-axis travel: 630 mm Number of tools: 80 Tool diameter: 70/150 mm (with adjacent, free tool positions) Tool length: 320 mm Number of pallets: 2 Pallet dimensions: 400x500 Ndjdpfoydi H Tex Ab Ueb Maximum pallet load: 500 kg B-axis: NC Tool length measurement: Yes Control system: Sinumerik 840D Probe: Heidenhain

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2005, B axis is with 0.001 indexing degree CTS system Fanuc based control system Please feel free to contact us for your further questions Nsdpfjnyh R Ejx Ab Uedb

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, controller manufacturer: Fanuc, controller model: 30i, spindle nose: BT40, number of slots in tool magazine: 51, input voltage: 380 V, type of input current: three-phase, MATSURA HPLUS 405 2007 MODEL PALLET SIZE 500-500 FANUC 30i CONTROL SYSTEM BT40 12000 rpm SPINDLE KNOLL TYPE COOLING SYSTEM NEARLY AROUND 50 SETS OF TOOL HOLDERS ALONG 51 TOOL CAPACITY ATC 600-600-600 X-Y-Z AXIS TRAVEL Nedpfx Aeyrdywsb Uedb IN OUR STOCKS WE HAVE: *Horizontal Machining centers *CNC lathes 2 axis *CNC lathes 2 axis + C axis *CNC lathes 2 acis + C axis + Y axis *CNC tapping centers *CNC vertical machining centers %100 owned +50 CNC machine tools in stock! You are welcome to contact us for your further questions CNC World Machine LTD

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 950 mm, controller manufacturer: Fanuc, controller model: PRO 3, spindle nose: HSKE 63, input voltage: 380 V, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: chip conveyor, Our machine is located in Plovdiv , Bulgaria. Machine is in working condition. Extremely clean for its age. As machine is big in size , It is dismantled. ATC is disconnected and packed next to machine. IN OUR STOCKS WE HAVE: *Horizontal Machining centers *CNC lathes 2 axis *CNC lathes 2 axis + C axis *CNC lathes 2 acis + C axis + Y axis *CNC tapping centers *CNC vertical machining centers %100 owned +50 CNC machine tools in stock! Ndjdpfxoyrdn Ij Ab Uob You are welcome to contact us for your further questions CNC World Machine LTD

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, x-travel 1800 mm y-travel 1600 mm z-travel 1400 mm Control Siemens type 840 D size of pallet 1000x1250 mm numbers of pallets 2 360 ° Table load 3500 kg workpiece swivable +/- 2100 mm positioning accuracy 0,01 mm spindle taper ISO 50 transmission ratio 2 Torque 1130 NM turning speeds 25-10.000 U/min Feed 1-40.000/50.000 mm/min weight of the machine ca. 43 t dimensions of the machine ca. 11x9x34,5 m The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- Ndodpsyquvmsfx Ab Uob binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, CNC Control: MSX-501III X axis mm: 730 Y axis mm: 730 Z axis mm: 850 B axis mm: 0.001 Pallet size mm: 500 x 500 Number of pallets: 2 Table load capacity kg: 500 Cutting feed mm/min X, Y, Z: 50,000 Max. rapid traverse m/min X, Y, Z: 50, 50, 50 Spindle speed rpm: 14,000 Spindle power kW: 22/18.5 Taper type: BT-40 Torque Nm: - Tool changer type: Chain Tool magazine positions: 60 Max. tool diameter mm: 70 Max. tool diameter with adjacent pockets empty: 140 Max. tool length mm: 500 Max. tool weight kg: 8 Coolant tank capacity l: 760 Nsdeythprepfx Ab Usdb Through-spindle coolant bar: Yes Equipment Chip conveyor Internal coolant Rigid tapping Manuals, electrical diagrams, etc.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2011, TECHNICAL DETAILS CNC control: MSX-501III Ndjdpjxfka Nefx Ab Ueb X axis mm: 560 Y axis mm: 560 Z axis mm: 660 B axis deg.: 360.000 Table load capacity kg: 400 Cutting feed rate mm/min X,Y,Z: 60,000 Max. rapid traverse m/min X,Y,Z: 50 Spindle speed rpm: 12,000 Spindle power kW: 15 Taper type: ISO-40 Torque Nm: 120 Tool changer type: Chain Tool changer positions: 60 Max. tool diameter mm: 70 Max. tool diameter with adjacent positions empty mm: 170 Max. tool length mm: 450 Max. tool weight kg: 8 Coolant tank capacity l: 500 Through-spindle coolant (high-pressure): Yes EQUIPMENT Double chip conveyor ISO-40 taper High-pressure through-spindle coolant with pump Tool breakage detection probe Part measuring probe RENISHAW MACHINE DIMENSIONS Length mm: 3,755 Width mm: 2,300 Height mm: 2,610 Weight kg: 7,600

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 560 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 510 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, controller model: FANUC 160is-MB, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, Submitting a bid obligates you to collect the item within the timeframe of calendar week 29 (July 13 - July 19, 2026)! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel in X-axis: 560 mm Travel in Y-axis: 510 mm Travel in Z-axis: 560 mm Table length: 400 mm Table width: 400 mm Spindle and Feed Distance between spindle nose and table: 150 - 710 mm Spindle speed: stepless Spindle speed from: 100 rpm Spindle speed to: 12,000 rpm Maximum torque: 150 Nm Working feed rate: 1 - 40 m/min Rapid traverse rate: 40 m/min Workpiece data Max. workpiece length: 620 mm Max. workpiece width: 620 mm Max. workpiece height: 700 mm Max. workpiece weight on the table: 400 kg Pallet changer Pallet station: 2 pallets Number of pallets: 8 Tool magazine Number of tool positions: 60 Tool diameter: 82 mm Diameter with available adjacent positions: 140 mm Maximum tool length: 300 mm Maximum tool weight: 8 kg Tool change time: 1 s Average chip-to-chip time: 3.4 s Tool holder: ISO 40 Nodpfxjy Uy H He Ab Uedb MACHINE DETAILS Control: FANUC 160is-MB Coolant system: 400 l Coolant through the spindle (IKZ): 20 bar Dimensions (L x W x H): 2,100 x 3,955 x 2,844 mm EQUIPMENT Chip conveyor NC rotary table Coolant/mist extraction Status indicator

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, x-travel 700 mm y-travel 630 mm z-travel 700 mm Control SIN 840 D SIEMENS spindle turning speed - stepless 10.000 U/min power capacity at 100 % load 13,00 kW feeding force at 40 % ED 18,00 KW tool taper HSK-A63 spindle diameter in front bearing 80 mm feed X/Y/Z/-axis 1 - 50.000 mm/min rapid traverse X/Y/Z 50,00 m/min feed capacity X/Y/Z 5,00 kN B - axis 360 x 1 ° B-axis 30,00 U/min size of pallet 2x 500 x 500 mm workpiece weight 500 kg 0 700 x 700 x 750 mm tool magacine with 40 Plätzen tool length - max. 350 mm tool diameter 80 mm tool diameter with 2 vacant positions 150 mm weight of tools max. 10,00 kg Chip to chip time 4,00 sec. total power requirement 24,00 kW weight of the machine ca. 15,00 t Njdpfx Abowhqtqj Usdb dimensions of the machine ca. 4,00 x 4,00 x H3,00 m Horizontal machining center with SIEMENS SIN840D (PCU50); chip conveyor, coolant-unit, coolant throu the spindle 40bar at 23 l/min;