Used Automatic Punching Press Four Columns for sale (36,760)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, machine/vehicle number: 4303, pressing force: 500 t, pressure:500 t passage width:2100 x 1500 mm stroke:1000 mm total power requirement:62 kW weight of the machine ca.:39 t dimensions:5100 x 2800 x 4040 mm return capacity:40 t Main cylinder:2 Stück column diameter:Hauptzylinder 360 mm Table dimensions:2100 x 1500 with T-Nute mm Ram size:2100 x 1500 mm table height over floor:850 mm pre-running speed:300 mm/sec return speed:300 (bei 20T Stößelgewicht) mm/sec Pressure Speed:200T = 28 mm/sec Oil Tank Capacity:ca. 1000 l Auxiliary cylinder:2 Stück column diameter:Hilfszylinder 120 mm Total size Table Tops:ca. 2750 x 1600 mm Total size of plunger plates:ca. 2750 x 1600 mm Pressure Speed:300T = 20 mm/sec Pressure Speed:500T = 6 mm/sec Retract force of the plunger:40 t Tension of the control chain:24 V voltage:400 V Frequency:50 Hz Axial piston pump (REXROTH/Bosch A4VSO125):290 lt/min Daylight Opening:1500 mm Hydraulic block:REXROTH pressure control:über PLC (Mindestdruck 50T) Cylinder:4 x ?90 x 70 mm stroke length max.:300 über PLC einstellbar mm Outejection speed forward:95 mm/sec. Outejection speed return:240 mm/sec. Capacity:4 x 15T bei 250 bar t Pressure setting:über Monitor von 50-500T t Pressure constant posture:0-900 sec Hydraulics tank:2000 l Todpsdyynvofx Af Ajc Siemens Control System:S7 300 Storage capacity:200 Programme Electronics from German manufacturers:SIEMENS/MÖLLER Tax desk:auf Schwenkarm Light sensors sick:1500 auf der Vorderseite mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1971, machine/vehicle number: 1967, pressure:30 t no. of strokes:100 - 600 Hub/min stroke adjustable from - to:8 - 40 mm ram adjustment:40 mm inlet width:198 mm mould height - Max./min.:230 - 270 mm roll surface width:110 mm hole in the table:310 x 80 mm distance between columns (le-ri):330 mm Todpfjcxxxmjx Af Aoc distance between columns (vo-hi):280 mm table height over floor:990 mm column diameter:50 mm voltage:380 V frequency:50/60 Hz control voltage:24 V table-size:475 x 450 mm ram diameter:190 mm total power requirement:0,96 - 5,5 kW weight of the machine ca.:2,5 t dimensions of the machine ca.:1,2 x 1,16 x 2,15 m

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1994, punching pressure:20 t total power requirement:4 kW Todpfx Aoh Ra Rnef Asc weight of the machine ca.:2,8 t dimensions of the machine ca.:3,2 x 1,4 x 1,45 m punch diameter:max. 105 mm sheet thickness - max.:6 mm stroke length max.:25 mm voltage:380 V frequency:50 Hz connected load:4 kVA punch diameter:105 max. mm input unit:0,01 mm

Condition: new, pressing force: 100 t, pressure:100 t passage width:700 mm stroke:450 mm weight of the machine ca.:6 t dimensions:ca. 3000 x 1210 x 3100 mm return capacity:10 t :22 kW Max Working height:850 mm :1 - 100 mm speed of return flow:1 - 100 mm/sec :1 - 10 mm/sec. pestle plate:1090 x 600 mm table plate:1090 x 600 mm positioning accuracy:0,1 mm table height over floor:800 mm :300 l Oil cooling (electric):1,5 kW (max) ejector:d=100 mm ejector stroke:210 mm pressure of ejector:100 t no. of ejector pins:1 Stück Monitor WEG:15 Zoll :2.000,-- ? :2.400,-- ? :3.000,-- ? Todpfefxyhqjx Af Aec :2.400,-- ? :5.800,-- ?

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2019, machine/vehicle number: DF0362, pressing force: 250 t, pressure:250 t passage width:1800 mm stroke:600 mm total power requirement:22 kW weight of the machine ca.:24 t dimensions:ca. 3390 x 3400 x 3800 mm column diameter:160 mm return capacity:25 t max. working heidht:800 mm Table dimensions:1800 x 1600 mm :2350 x 1600 mm table height over floor:900 mm hydraulic table shift:25 mm/sec table load:5 t pre-running speed:10 mm/sec Todpjfxyinjfx Af Asc pressure speed:10 Return Speed:25 mm/sec speed rapid traverse:10 mm/sec :600 l Oil cooling (electric):1,5 kW (max) :46er / 10 my Monitor SIEMENS:10 Zoll

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1992, machine/vehicle number: 9802, pressure:80 t Todpeh Ra N Rsfx Af Ajc no. of strokes:100 - 1000 Hub/min stroke:16-63 mm table surface area:970 x 920 mm hole in the table:740 x 100 mm ram surface:760 x 510 mm distance between table / ram:280 mm compressed air:6 - 10 bar :43 kw weight of the machine ca.:15,5 t dimensions of the machine ca.:232 x 125 x 326 m

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1970, pressure 80 t passage width 350 mm stroke 600 mm table dimension - longitudinal 400 mm dimensions of the machine ca. 1400 x 1050 x 2350 m Tedpfxsvwgqre Af Aoc

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2018, machine/vehicle number: DF0116 - Rev.00, pressing force: 110 t, pressure:110 t passage width:1300 mm stroke:1500 mm Tjdpfx Afedxvflj Ajc Weight of machine approx.:12 t dimensions:ca. 2300 x 2090 x 4200 mm return capacity:11 t Max Working height:1500 mm pestle plate:1730 x 1100 mm table plate:1730 x 1100 mm table height over floor:700 mm column diameter:140 mm Thickness of ram plate:100 mm thickness of clamping plate:100 mm Noise Level (Max.):67 dB Color machine body:7035 RAL Color moving parts:2009 RAL Colour other components:7021 RAL Colour of balcony and casing:1021 RAL motor capacity:18 kW Approaching Speed max. :300 mm/sec pressure speed:15 mm/sec Oil Tank Capacity:150 l Siemens Control System:S7 1200

Condition: new, pressure: 150motor: 15daylight: 500stroke lenght (max.): 400table diamension: 900 x 600tappet area: 900 x 600table height: 850messurements (LxWxH): ca. 1300 + (300 Schaltschrank) x 2000 x 3200weight approx.: 8000oil filling: 400Hydraulic C-Frame PressType: C-Frame, hydraulicCapacity: Pressing force: 150 tons at 240 bar Return force: 30 tons at 150 bar Control ModesMode 1: Setup mode without light sensor Mode 2: Automatic single stroke with light sensor Hydraulic SystemMain cylinder: Ø 270 mm Auxiliary cylinders: 2 pcs Ø 70 x 40 mm Guiding columns: 4 pcs Ø 50 mm Main motor: 15 kW / 22 HP (IE3) Pump: 45 cc, 65 l/min – REXROTH Tank capacity: 500 liters Oil volume: 400 liters Auxiliary motor: 2.2 kW / 3 HP Auxiliary pump: included Oil tank air cooler: included Adjustable Speeds (via PLC)Advance stroke: 120 mm/s Return stroke: 140 mm/s Pressing phase: 13 – 5 mm/s Mechanical DataDaylight (open height): 500 mm (distance between ram and table) Stroke length: 400 mm Table depth: 650 mm Throat depth: 350 mm Table height: 850 mm (floor to top of table) Plate DimensionsTable plate: 900 x 600 x 120 mm (with T-slots – customizable) Ram plate: 900 x 600 x 300 mm (with T-slots & spring welding) Hydraulic AccessoriesHydraulic block & valves by REXROTH Pre-fill valve Hydraulic and mechanical ram locking at TDC Pressure & speed adjustable via PLC Side safety doors (slidable towards rear) Control & ElectronicsMain control cabinet PLC: Siemens S7–1200 Tsdpfx Afjwzzzfj Aec Safety PLC: SICK Swiveling control panel with soft starter Mobile two-hand control Light sensors: SICK (700 mm + 130 mm) Stroke measurement: 500 mm linear scale HMI: 9 Siemens display (storage for up to 500 tools) Remote maintenance module: Secomea Dual LED work area lighting 8 free I/O ports on PLC (for external systems like robot or coil feeder) General SpecificationsPower supply: 400 V / 50 Hz Standards: Complies with EN 693 machine directive Control safety: Dual-channel secured Valves: Hydraulic proportional valves Documentation: Operating manual, parts list & maintenance plan (in German) Warranty: 12 months (optional 24 months) Paint color: Main frame RAL 7035 – light grey Dimensions & WeightOverall dimensions (W x D x H): approx. 1300 mm + 300 mm control cabinet x 2000 mm x 3200 mm Weight: approx. 8,000 kg

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, total height: 5,300 mm, ram adjustment: 150 mm, installation height: 570 mm, total width: 3,300 mm, total length: 5,250 mm, pressing force: 250 t, type of input current: three-phase, stroke length: 35 mm, input voltage: 400 V, distance between side stands: 820 mm, overall weight: 58,000 kg, control voltage: 24 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, HR 250/2200 SL – Punching Line (Demonstration and Trial System) Press frame + ram in cast design with optimal damping properties Turnkey complete system for: • Production of electrical sheet metal parts • Flat stamped parts • Flat progressive die-cut parts EQUIPMENT + ACCESSORIES: • Punching machine HR 250/2200 SL [ZEULENRODA] 2,500 kN | Stroke rate 80…250 min-¹ >also available without accessories/peripherals upon request< • Roller feed “push-pull”, [ZEHNDER & SOMMER] • RAZIOL roller strip lubricator • Strip thickness measuring device • Punching package control [UNIDOR / TRsystems] • Unwinding reel 3.0t [KOHLER] • 21-roll fine leveling machine, deburring attachment [KOHLER] • Motorized tool changing system with hydraulic lifting bars + insertion clamp • Scrap and parts removal • Servo punching shear Tedjzu Ryhepfx Af Aoc • Control cabinet platform • Operator platform • Soundproof cabin • Safety fence TECHNICAL DESIGN: Stroke rate of the press: 80 - 250 min-¹ Ram stroke: 35 mm Quick lift: 75 mm Installed height: 570 mm at max. stroke (fixed 35 mm) at the bottom, ram adjustment (150 mm) at the top Table surface: 2300 x 1100 mm Clamping plate: 2300 x 1100 mm T-slots DIN 650: 22 mm Table opening: 2020 x 400 mm Ram surface: 2240 x 900 mm Ram stroke, fixed: 35 mm Quick lift: 75 mm Height above floor: 1380 mm (including clamping plate 200 mm) Strip inlet height: 200 - 400 mm (above the clamping plate) Stand opening, side: 820 x 500 mm (W x H) Recommended max. upper tool weight: 2200 kg Recommended upper tool weight: 1950 kg - Control system SIEMENS S7-1500 - 15’’ touch panel + two-hand control panel - Remote maintenance DESCRIPTION: - Press frame in gray cast iron design - Press ram in cast design - Direct drive with electro-pneumatic clutch-brake combination - Fully eccentric two-point eccentric shaft, forged - Power transmission via two connecting rod joints - Roller guide, 8-fold for precise ram guidance - Rotating mass balancer - Ram weight compensation by means of pneumatic bellows cylinder - Quick Lift 75 mm (quick lift function for fast tool access) - Condition monitoring (forces, temperatures, lubrication, pneumatics)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1991, operating hours: 49,637 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 9666, ram adjustment: 64 mm, conveyor belt width: 203 mm, pressing force: 50 t, control cabinet length: 940 mm, control cabinet width: 760 mm, stroke length: 1,651 mm, input voltage: 380 V, overall weight: 9,000 kg, control voltage: 24 V, sheet thickness steel (max.): 4 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 4 mm, Technical Data Manufacturer: BRUDERER AG Model: BSTA 50 EL CNC Machine Type: CNC High-Performance Punching Machine Year of Construction: 1991 Machine Number: 9666 Press Force: 500 kN (50 t) Connected Load: 40 kW Main Motor Power: 25 kW Supply Voltage: 380 V / 50 Hz Control Voltage: 24 V DC Compressed Air Connection: 6–10 bar Operating Hours: approx. 49,637 h Adjustable Stroke: 16–51 mm Mounting Space/Clamping Plate: 760 x 940 mm Main Drive: 22 kW Power Supply: 400 V / 50 Hz Table Area: 940 x 580 mm Strip Feed Height (adjustable): 50–140 mm Max. Strip Width: 203 mm Max. Material Thickness: 4 mm Dimensions of machine with BBV 202: 2390 x 1270 x 3090 mm Machine Weight: approx. 9000 kg Configuration 2 x BRUDERER BBV 202/120 DOUBLE strip feeder KOHLER leveling machine 100.180/2.500.2M, year of construction 1992 Todpfx Aszuur Uef Aoc Unwinding reel / coil reel Soundproof cabin Conveyor belt for part removal Lifting and sorting device for containers Roller conveyors and stacking racks Technical documentation available Description Complete BRUDERER high-performance punching line consisting of a precision punching machine BSTA 50 EL, BRUDERER strip feeder BBV 202/120, KOHLER leveling machine, unwinding reel, soundproof cabin, and discharge and conveying equipment. The system is designed for the efficient processing of strip material in high-speed punching operations. Extensive technical documentation is available.

Condition: new, pressure: 100motor: 15daylight: 500stroke lenght (max.): 400table diamension: 800 x 600tappet area: 800 x 600table height: 850messurements (LxWxH): 1.300 x 2.000 x 2.750weight approx.: 5.500oil filling: 200 Control / Key switch:         1. setup mode Manual without light sensor(max. 10mm. /sec. speed). 2. automatic (full speed) with light sensor Main cylinder: Ø 230mm. Auxiliary cylinder: 2 pcs. Ø 50 x 30mm. Auxiliary guide: 2 pcs. Ø 50mm. Motor: 11kw. - 15hp. ( IE-3 ) Pump: 23Liter / ASC. Speed : flow 110mm./sec. - return 200mm./sec. - Pressure : 9 mm/sec. Installation height: 500mm. Stroke length: 400mm. Table top: 800 x 600 - (with T - grooves) Plunger plate: 800 x 600 - (with T - grooves) Table height: 850mm. (Floor to table top upper edge) ----- Accessories Hydraulics:           Hydraulic control block & accessories: REXROTH Pressure adjustment via PLC.  (10 - 60 tons) Speed adjustable via PLC. Air cooler Pre-fill valve Todjm Nntyopfx Af Asc Accessories control: Siemens S7-1200 Main control box   Swivel control panel Safety PLC. - SICK Light sensors SICK 700 + 150mm. Linear scale for adjusting the stroke length 9 PLC screen - Siemens (German & English) Movable two-hand control Ethernet connection for remote maintenance Alarm annunciator for malfunctions (candlestick & sound) 2-fold workspace lighting 8 free ON & OFF buttons on the PLC. for external connections The press complies with the machine directives Hydraulic proportional valves Dual channel cable protection Instruction manual & parts list (German + English) With side safety door (doors can be moved backwards)

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 632/6, pressure:30 t no. of strokes:100-600 Hub/min sheet width:120 mm table-size:480 x 450 mm Tsdpfxecxxyco Af Ajc Bruderer Double Roll Precision Feed:links stroke adjustable from - to:16-40 mm distance between columns:330 x 300 mm dimensions of the machine ca.:2,10 x 1,65 x 0,75 m with air cooler, piece counter, separate electrical cabinet, air clutch, BRUDERER precision double-roll feeder on left side, machine technically, mechanically and optically as new

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 8483, pressure:30 t no. of strokes:100-600 Hub/min sheet width:115 mm table-size:450x450 mm Bruderer Double Roll Precision Feed:BBV 190/85 links stroke adjustable from - to:16-40 mm distance between columns (le-ri):330 mm :280 mm dayligth:290 mm Tsdpfxjcxxrds Af Aec inlet width:120 mm feed length:15-80 mm dimensions of switch cabinet:1,1 x 1,2 x 2,2 mm hole in the table:315 x 100 mm total power requirement:5,5 kW weight of the machine ca.:3 t high speed triple-column design, BRUDERER BBV 190-85 feeder on left side, cooler ventilation, swivelling safety gate, pneumatic clutch, manual roll vent. on feeder

Year of construction: 1999, condition: used, pressure 630 t passage width 1390 mm stroke 400 mm table surface area 1390x1250 mm total power requirement 75 kW Todelp U R Sepfx Af Ajc weight of the machine ca. 36 t dimensions of the machine ca. BxTxH 3200x2800x4000 mm

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, Mossini Transfer Press PDM/4BLD Pressing force: 2,000 kN Table area: 6,000 x 2,500 mm Slide area: 6,000 x 2,500 mm Stroke height: 900 mm Strokes per minute: 10 - 25 1/min Slide adjustment: 400 mm Overall height: 1,270 mm TOTAL STROKES: 1,000,000 strokes NORDA Transfer X-axis travel: 0 - 1,200 mm Y-axis travel: 0 - 1,125 mm Z-axis travel: 350 mm Max. transport weight: 200 kg Mill tool strip system Strip width max. up to 1,850 mm Strip thickness: 0.5 - 3.0 mm Coil load capacity: 24,000 kg Tsdpfx Ajz Dw U Uef Ajc

Condition: used, Single-column eccentric press KIESERLING & ALBRECHT, type PEDRU 100 Factory No. 549150, Year of manufacture 1990 Pressing force 100 tons Reach 320 mm Frame opening at the rear 400 mm Table size 830 x 600 mm Ram size 600 x 355 mm T-slot hole Ø 50 mm with clamping piece Table height above floor 880 mm Ram stroke 8 - 129 mm Ram adjustment travel 80 mm Installation height approx. 350 mm (with table insert plate) Stroke rate approx. 55 strokes/min Motor power 11 kW Drive power 400 Volt, 50 Hz - Overload protection in the ram with shear plate - Ram weight compensation cylinder - Automatic centralized lubrication with motor drive - Pneumatic clutch-brake combination - Pneumatic auxiliary brake DESCH - Table clamping plate 90 mm thick - Electric foot switch and 2-hand operation - Control cabinet fixed to the machine - Press control with SEZ, OTR and ZBS Todez Alg Sjpfx Af Ajc - UVV 11.062 § 9 Para. 3 (Safe for manual feeding operations) - Draw cushion or ejector in the table plate (custom-built) Ø 125 mm, stroke 50 mm - currently not functioning Space requirement L x W x H 2000 x 2000 x 2880 mm Weight of the press 10 tons Good condition

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1979, functionality: fully functional, Paper punching machine (for creating perforations) for WIRE-O spiral binding. The device is designed for continuous operation and heavy-duty use. The machine has 2 tools for punching 3:1 holes, 4x4 mm square. Tedpfx Aezuzxhef Aec After the holes are punched, the sheets fall onto a collecting table at the end of the machine. Quick and easy tool change (5 minutes). Maximum sheet size for punching: 550x500 mm, minimum 150x150 mm. Power supply: 1.5 kW, dimensions: 2800x1200x1250 mm, net weight: 950 kg. A video demonstrating the machine's operation can be sent upon request.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1982, Press force: max. 200 kN Tsdpfxjzvfp Hs Af Asc Safety distance: 100mm Post-travel: max. 10 mm Motor power: 3 kW

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1979, machine/vehicle number: 5255, pressure:30 t no. of strokes:100-600 Hub/min sheet width:120 mm table-size:540 x 450 mm Bruderer Double Roll Precision Feed:links stroke adjustable from - to:16-40 mm distance between columns:330 x 300 mm total power requirement:5,5 kW Tjdpfecxxu Nox Af Ajc weight of the machine ca.:3 t dimensions of the machine ca.:2,10 x 1,65 x 0,75 m with air cooler, piece counter, separate electrical cabinet, air clutch, BRUDERER precision double-roll feeder on left side, machine technically, mechanically and optically as new

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2020, pressing force: 300 t, machine/vehicle number: DF0240 - Rev.00, pressure:300 t passage width:600 mm stroke:500 mm Weight of machine approx.:8,5 t Todsdxvfkepfx Af Aec dimensions:ca. 2275 x 1650 x 4050 mm Return Capacity:30 t Engine Output:30 kW Max Working height:800 mm Approaching Speed max. :10 mm/sec Pressure Speed:10 mm/sec Travel:500 mm Ram plate:600 x 600 mm Table size:600 x 600 mm Table height above ground level (approx.):850 mm Oil Tank Capacity:350 l Oil cooling (electric):1,5 kW (max) ejector stroke:250 mm pressure of ejector:50 t Maintenance Balcony:2.800 ? Drip pan to prevent oil spil:2.800 ? Upper and lower tooling (for 8kgs salt stone):11.000 ? automatic filling with 500 kg depot:58.000 ? speed increase to 80 mm/sec:19.000 every additional meter conveyor belt:850 ? Light barriers front and back:6.800 ? Side trim:4.200 ? 7m roller coaster-for salt stone transport and interim storage:12.900 ? Faster Version with approach and working speed at 60mm/sec ist available on request. Price (excl. options): 117.500,--

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1988, pressure 400 t distance between columns 1100 mm stroke 250 mm no. of strokes 25 - 75 /min distance table/ram, max. stroke up, adjustment up 900 mm table surface area 1100 x 965 mm capacity of ejector in table 30 t ejector stroke of ejector in table 80 mm capacity of ejector in ram 3 t stroke of ejector in ram 60 / 70 mm ram surface 980 x 800 mm column travel -side 800 mm ram adjustment 20 mm power capacity 80,0 + 5,5 kW weight 47,0 t Tsdpfezrpt Uox Af Asc Dimensions (WxDxH) 3,5 x 3,3 x 6,0 m weight of switch cabinet 1,4 t dimensions of electrical cabinet (WxDxH) 4,9 x 0,5 x 2,6 m Multi-station cold extrusion press with link drive with infinitely variable drive, hydraulic clutch-brake combination (Ortlinghaus), hydraulic overload protection in the slide, motorised slide adjustment, pneumatic counterbalance cylinder in press frame, cam-controlled ejector in table (30 t / 80 mm), pneumatic ejector in slide (3 t, 60 mm), motorised central lubrication

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2017, pressing force: 150 t, machine/vehicle number: DF0149, pressure:2x 75 / 150 t passage width:2050 x 965 mm stroke:800 mm total power requirement:Hauptmotor 22 kW weight of the machine ca.:6,5 t Todpfx Afed Aftps Aec dimensions of the machine ca.:1500 x 1025 m :150 mm :150 mm :72 mm :2 kW :870 x 350 x 150 mm :1500 x 600 x 150 mm :1500 x 1025 x 75 mm :1500 x 1025 x 150 mm :120 mm :80 mm :350 l demand for oil:320 l :350 mm max. open height:1600 mm :15-0 mm/sec :100 mm/sec :2050 x 965 mm :6 mm :0,5 mm

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, total height: 2,100 mm, total width: 1,400 mm, table length: 480 mm, table width: 450 mm, pressing force: 30 t, distance between side stands: 280 mm, year of last overhaul: 2026, Stroke: 16-40 mm Tsdjz Hk I Tspfx Af Aoc Strokes per minute: 100-600

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, machine/vehicle number: 1830977, pressure:32 t no. of strokes:30 - 1100 Hub/min sheet width:0 - 120 mm table-size:760 x 580 mm feed::SANKYO V76 stroke adjustable from - to:3-50 mm distance between columns (le-ri):800 mm :200 dayligth:235 mm feed length:0 - 76,2 mm hole in the table:670 x 110 mm ram adjustment:50 mm surface area of ram:710 x 410 mm plate thickness:0 - 3 mm band speed:max. 70 m/min control:OP 15 SIEMENS SPS Feeding Angle:165 ° total power requirement:18 kW weight of the machine ca.:6,5 t dimensions of the machine ca.:2,6 x 1,7 x 2,6 m Tjdpjcxxrljfx Af Asc precision machine in 4-column design, Sanyo V76 precision cam feeder, feed direction right to left, with Siemens CNC control OP15, noise reduction cabin, Herion press security valve, central lubrication, emergency cut-off