Used Wadkin Knife Grinding Machine for sale (64,839)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1984, Technical details: grinding diameter min/max: 8 / 40 mm number of spindle speeds: 3000 U/min total power requirement: ca. 1,2 kW weight of the machine ca.: 0,24 t dimension machine xH: 0,7 x 0,9 x 1,3 m The grinding spindle is equipped with two hand levers: Working range left = manual grinding device for small shank drills. working range right = swiveling device of conical shank drills cutting angle max 180 Hsdpfx Aou Ng Irelweu Drill swivel arm small: clearance angle 5° - 9°; drill Ø 8 - 15mm manually adjustable; grinding wheel cup wheel Ø 200 x 40mm with holder Ø 32mm Drill swivel arm large: clearance angle 5° - 9°; drill Ø max 400mm; pitch 6x with index grid manual; grinding wheel currently clamped Ø 180 x 31mm with receptacle Ø 32mm Grinding modes: Normal grinding, DK grinding, center grinding, spiral countersink, multiple step drill. *

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1988, grinding diameter 360 mm Hedpfx Aljzu A Sijwou grinding length 1000 mm centre height 180 mm grinding wheel diameter 500 x203,2 x 50-100 mm total power requirement 12 KvA weight of the machine ca. 4,7 t dimensions of the machine ca. 3,3 x2,0 x 1,8 m - Includes belt filters - Includes grinding wheels

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1982, grinding diameter 630 mm Hodpfovq R Uzjx Alweu grinding length 600 mm centre height 320 mm Maschine wird überholt nach Kellenberger Messprotokoll und neu lackiert. Die anfällige Güttinger Steuerung wird durch die zeitgemäße BEMA X Steuerung ersetzt. Das heißt die Maschine erhält in diesem zuge auch eine komplett neue Elektrik. Siehe Beispielfotos. Maschine mit verstärktem Werkstückspindelstock zum fliegend Schleifen von schweren Werkstücken. Die Werkzeugmaschine entspricht zum derzeitigen Zeitpunkt nicht den grundlegenden Sicherheits- und Schutzanforderungen wie in der BetrSichV 2015 genannt. Eine Anhebung des erforderlichen Mindest-Schutzzieles ist mittels einer Gefährdungsbeurteilung nach BetrSichV zu ermitteln.

Condition: used, grinding diameter 350 mm grinding length 1000 mm centre height 175 mm grinding wheel diameter 400 mm grinding wheel width 50 mm bore 127 mm MK5 work piece spindle speed 20-400 U/min grinding head swivelling 360 ° grinding spindle head - swivable 180 + - ° grinding spindle speed 1500,1700,2200 U/min 0-9,99 mm/Ø 0-9,99 mm/Ø ±8 ° longitudinal feed of the table 1100 mm Hjdpfx Alsuxfupewou table speeds 0,02-6 m/min 130 kg cross travel max. 270 mm 130 inkl. Spannung kg 80 mm tailstock quill taper MT 3 quill travel 30 mm total power requirement 6,5 kW weight of the machine ca. 3,05 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4 x 2 m Overhauled according to Kellenberger guidelines including new, modern and future-proof control system. Photo of already delivered machine in centre distance 1000mm. -Operation via the touch panel is extremely simple. -The symbols on the control panel are practically identical to the original original control system, so there is no need for familiarisation. -Diagnostic function with display of PLC messages and digital I/O -Dressing function can be extended or changed at the customer's request. -Orientated spindle stop of the workpiece spindle possible on request. -New maximum infeed of 40 mm can be extended on request. -Digital display in 2 axes. Resolution x-axis 0.5my Options: -Encoder with digital display in the workpiece headstock -Rotary encoder with digital display in the grinding headstock (no height adjustment with spindle possible) with spindle possible) -New stable internal grinding device diameter 80mm or 100mm with height adjustment. -Increase of the centre height to max. 225mm -Speed control for the grinding spindle Included: -Operating tool -Clamping tube for chuck Further accessories on request. The x-axis of the machine has an electronically controlled infeed system with stepper motor drive. Hydraulic longitudinal and rapid traverse table movement. Versatile application in production for external cylindrical and internal internal grinding or for external, face and internal grinding in one clamping clamping of individual parts. Possible options: -Semi-automatic dressing cycles for external and internal grinding -automatic dressing compensation. -Measuring control

Condition: used, grinding diameter 350 mm grinding length 1500 mm centre height 175 mm grinding wheel diameter 400 mm grinding wheel width 50 mm bore 127 mm MK5 work piece spindle speed 20-400 U/min grinding head swivelling 360 ° grinding spindle head - swivable 180 + - ° grinding spindle speed 1500,1700,2200 U/min 0-40 mm/Ø 0-40 mm/Ø ±6,5 ° longitudinal feed of the table 1530 mm table speeds 0,02-6 m/min 130 kg 130 inkl. Spannung kg cross travel max. 270 mm 80 mm tailstock quill taper MT 3 quill travel 30 mm total power requirement 6,5 kW weight of the machine ca. 3,05 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4 x 2 m Overhauled according to Kellenberger guidelines including new, modern and future-proof control system. Photo of machine already delivered with special options -Operation via the touch panel is extremely simple. -The symbols on the control panel are practically identical to the original original control system, so there is no need for familiarisation. -Diagnostic function with display of PLC messages and digital I/O -Dressing function can be extended or changed at the customer's request. -Orientated spindle stop of the workpiece spindle possible on request. -New maximum infeed of 40 mm can be extended on request. -Digital display in 2 axes. Resolution x-axis 0.5my Options: -Encoder with digital display in the workpiece headstock -Rotary encoder with digital display in the grinding headstock (no height adjustment with spindle possible) Hodpeuxftrsfx Alweu with spindle possible) -New stable internal grinding device diameter 80mm or 100mm with height adjustment. -Increase of the centre height to max. 225mm -Speed control for the grinding spindle Included: -Operating tool -Clamping tube for chuck Further accessories on request. The x-axis of the machine has an electronically controlled infeed system with stepper motor drive. Hydraulic longitudinal and rapid traverse table movement. Versatile application in production for external cylindrical and internal internal grinding or for external, face and internal grinding in one clamping clamping of individual parts. Possible options: -Semi-automatic dressing cycles for external and internal grinding -automatic dressing compensation. -Measuring control

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1989, AUTOMATIC GEAR GRINDER – 2 units available Hsdpfozxzlisx Alwju Manufacturer: CSEPEL Model: FKA 326-10 THE MACHINE USES THE FASSLER DRESSING METHOD. • Gear diameter: 320 mm • Module range: 0.5 – 6 • Slide stroke: 180 mm • Number of teeth: 10 – 260 • Max. workpiece weight: 80 kg • Clamping length: 420 mm THE MACHINES ARE COMPLETE WITH NUMEROUS ACCESSORIES: GRINDING WHEELS, WHEEL HOLDER, FASSLER DRESSING TOOL, CHANGE GEARS.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, grinding length 300 mm grinding width 500 mm Hedezpf Ucjpfx Alwju

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, grinding diameter 500 mm grinding length 1000 mm centre height 250 mm -major maintenance -New table geometry -partial painting of the interior grinding wheel equipment LEFT 400x63x127mm (standard) grinding wheel equipment RIGHT 300x40x127mm Internal grinding unit Ø120mm for HF spindles CNC control KELCO 120 C-axis for non-circular grinding. Kel-Poly B-AXIS: CNC-controlled B-axis KELCO 120: v constant 35m/s or 45m/s High-frequency internal grinding spindle Hsdpfx Alexzk Nijwsu Operating unit for MFV and MFZ spindles Hydraulic quill retraction for the tailstock NO micro-adjustment on the tailstock Spring-loaded quill insert Top table cooling Standard workpiece headstock MK 5 DIN 55026 size 5" Micro-adjustment for the standard workhead Dressing device on the lower table Active longitudinal positioning KELPOS, MARPOSS, mounted on the grinding head Tool measuring system KELSET, MARPOSS MARPOSS gate sensor Measuring control MARPOSS Minialsar prepared Paper belt filter

Condition: used, grinding diameter 350 mm grinding length 600 mm centre height 175 mm grinding wheel diameter 400 mm grinding wheel width 50 mm bore 127 mm MK5 work piece spindle speed 20-400 U/min grinding head swivelling 360 ° grinding spindle head - swivable 180 + - ° grinding spindle speed 1500,1700,2200 U/min 0-9,99 mm/Ø 0-9,99 mm/Ø ±10 ° longitudinal feed of the table 1100 mm table speeds 0,02-6 m/min 130 kg 130 inkl. Spannung kg cross travel max. 270 mm 80 mm tailstock quill taper MT 3 quill travel 30 mm total power requirement 6,5 kW weight of the machine ca. 3,05 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4 x 2 m Overhauled according to Kellenberger guidelines including new, modern and future-proof control system. Photo of already delivered machine in centre distance 1000mm. -Operation via the touch panel is extremely simple. -The symbols on the control panel are practically identical to the original original control system, so there is no need for familiarisation. Hodouxft Eepfx Alweu -Diagnostic function with display of PLC messages and digital I/O -Dressing function can be extended or changed at the customer's request. -Orientated spindle stop of the workpiece spindle possible on request. -New maximum infeed of 40 mm can be extended on request. -Digital display in 2 axes. Resolution x-axis 0.5my Options: -Encoder with digital display in the workpiece headstock -Rotary encoder with digital display in the grinding headstock (no height adjustment with spindle possible) with spindle possible) -New stable internal grinding device diameter 80mm or 100mm with height adjustment. -Increase of the centre height to max. 225mm -Speed control for the grinding spindle Included: -Operating tool -Clamping tube for chuck Further accessories on request. The x-axis of the machine has an electronically controlled infeed system with stepper motor drive. Hydraulic longitudinal and rapid traverse table movement. Versatile application in production for external cylindrical and internal internal grinding or for external, face and internal grinding in one clamping clamping of individual parts. Possible options: -Semi-automatic dressing cycles for external and internal grinding -automatic dressing compensation. -Measuring control

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, grinding diameter 250 mm Hedpfx Alsywntyswou grinding length 650 mm centre height 125 mm Maschine wird mit Wartung und neuer Geometrie verkauft Betriebsstunden bisher 12260 Reitstock mit Feinverstellung Schleifspindelstock schwenkbar mit 5° Hirtverzahnung Papierbandfilter Marposs Messeinrichtung Innenschleifeinrichtung

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1961, Technical details: grinding length: 600 mm grinding width: 200 mm workpiece height: 270 mm grinding length: mit Magnet: 500 mm Distance Spindlecenter - clamping surface area, min:: 350 mm grinding spindle speed: 1000...4700 U/min table surface area: 720 x 200 mm table load capacity: 60 kp magnetic plate size: 455 x 180 (Gleichstrom) mm magnetic-table: vertical kippen 90° längs Stück total power requirement: 2,0 (2,7 PS) kW weight of the machine ca.: 1600 + 176 kg Gleichrichter kg dimension machine xH: 1,4 x 1,8 x 1,7 m transport measurements machine: 1,4 x 1,8 x 1,6 m dimensions electric cabinet: L: 850 x B: 450 x H: 1.100 mm dimensions of grinding wheel: Ø 225 x 20 x Bohrung Ø 51 mm mm The magnetic plate (24V) is cooled. Grinding spindle: The grinding wheel infeed is electric, vertical 270mm, infeed z-axis 0,002 mm to unlimited inching infeed 0,001 - 0,010mm Peripheral speed max 35 m/sec. allowed equipped with coolant tank, pump and magnetic separator, as well as grinding wheel - size Ø 152 x 14mm plus various accessories (in the cabinet) like some grinding wheels and balancing flange The machine is pre-equipped for an exhaust system. Hodpfsu Ngg Uox Alwsu *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, Plus freight 4,000.00 € and installation and commissioning 5,000.00 € Grinding system B Sand 5 with partial lathe Working principle The panel is placed on the infeed table. It goes into the partial lathe and centered. It is ground in the grinding system, through and back. The panel is turned in the partial lathe. It is ground on the other side in the grinding system. Then there are two options: either the panel goes onto the outfeed table and unloaded or it comes back onto the infeed table and is unloaded there (the second option extends the working time). Grinding system equipment 1 upper grinding lamella roller suitable for surfaces. Power 3 kW; D 420 mm; L 1300 mm. Cross brush suitable for grinding the cross fibers. D 420 mm; L 300 mm. Power 1.1 kW. Cross brush suitable for grinding the cross fibers. D 420 mm; L 300 mm. Power 1.1 kW. 3 upper sanding discs for perfectly trimming the longitudinal and transverse wood fibers. Power 1.5 kW each; D 400 mm. Disc brush for beveling edges. The unit functions as a deep brush. After detecting the panel edges, it will follow the door edges. Power 0.75 kW; D 250 mm. Machine features: -The unique sanding system of this machine guarantees perfect wood sanding and/or intermediate sanding of the panels. -All tools are controlled by frequency converters. -All brushes are equipped with quick-release sanding strips without replacing the hub. -The discs are equipped with air bladders to optimize cleaning and service life. -Sanding discs are equipped with a Velcro fastening system. -The feed and rotation speed are PLC-controlled to prevent edge breakage. -High-quality sanding on 4 sides thanks to the system's constant removal rate. -Automatic and rapid unit changeover. - Constant throughput height, PLC and industrial software enable interlinking in a surface line. - Continuously variable speed of the discs, brushes and feed thanks to the fully equipped frequency converter. - Right/left rotation of the discs and brushes with different abrasive grits. - Individually driven feed of the discs, rollers and belts. - Additional adjustment of the brushes and discs to balance the use of the abrasive and to allow for changing the grinding pressure on the surfaces. - Strong support bed made of tubular steel guarantees the best rigidity, stability and flatness. - Planed upper support bed to ensure the best parallelism of the working surface for the grinding discs. - All unit carriages are designed with linear recirculating ball bearing guides, thus high load capacity and high precision. - Motorized feed belt controlled by a frequency converter, 0.55 kW. Machine doors equipped with safety devices. - Machine doors equipped with windows to observe the workpieces during operation. - Under the units, there are 80 mm rubber-coated pressure rollers to hold the workpieces in place during processing. · Low follow-up costs thanks to individual blade replacement. · Low running noise thanks to the enclosed system housing. · All units have suction housings with their respective suction supports. Cover plate with suction nozzle. · Completely encapsulated machine housing for a clean environment. Hjdpfx Alovvkipjwju

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1993, Technical details: Hedpou Ngp Nsfx Alwou rotary table diameter: 2x700 mm grinding height: 200 mm grinding head - power requirement: 15 kW max. dia. of grinding wheel: 400 mm grinding spindle speed: 1400-2800 stufenlos /continous U/min automatic feeds: 0,001-0,02 weight of tools max.: 650 kg table speed: 5-10 m/min rotary table revolutions per minute : 5-10 stufenlos U/min rotary table: Querbewg. 0,2...10 m/min total power requirement: 49 kW weight of the machine ca.: ca. 12,0 t dimension machine approx.LxWxH: 6,0x3,0x2,8 m dimensions electric cabinet LxWxH: 2,0x0,55x2,2 m ROTARY TABLE SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE - 2 magnetic rotary tables each Ø=700mm - diamond roller dressing device - without coolant unit i.D. *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, Control SIEMENS 840D powerline spindle drive 11 kW grinding wheel diameter 400 mm grinding wheel width 100 mm Max. table load ca. 800 kg x-axis 800 mm y-axis 700 mm z-axis 600 mm machine weight ab. 5.700 kg In our assessment, the machine is in good used condition and can be inspected under power by appointment. Hjdpfxozy Sino Alwju Accessories, tools, and clamping devices shown are included in the scope of delivery only if specified in the additional information. Subject to change, errors in technical data and specifications, and prior sale.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, grinding diameter 350 mm grinding length 1000 mm centre height 175 mm Control Kelco weight of the machine ca. 4 t Hsdpjzmy Thsfx Alweu

Condition: used, grinding diameter 250,350,450 mm grinding length 1000 mm centre height 125,175,225 mm grinding wheel diameter 400 mm grinding wheel width 50 mm bore 127 mm MK5 work piece spindle speed 20-400 U/min grinding head swivelling 360 ° grinding spindle head - swivable 180 + - ° grinding spindle speed 1500,1700,2200 U/min 0,001-0,030 mm/Ø 0-0,95 mm/Ø ±8 ° longitudinal feed of the table 1300 mm table speeds 0,02-6 m/min 130 kg 130 inkl. Spannugkg kg 70 mm total power requirement 6,5 kW weight of the machine ca. 2,5 t Hsdpfxst Ii Nus Alwju dimensions of the machine ca. 4,2 x 2,0 m As the world’s leading company in Kellenberger overhaul and retrofit we are not only able to deliver machines in a quality similar to a new machine and with warranty, but we can also offer you the service for your machines. Geometrically overhauled with new paint and original electrics. Foto of a 600U which we already have delivered. -Digital display in 2 axes. Resolution of x-Achse 0,5my Options: -Encoder with digital display in workpiece spindle head -Encoder with digital display in grinding spindle head (Height adjustment with spindle not possible) -New stable internal grinding diameter 80mm oder 100mm with height-adjustment. -Increase the center heigh to max. 225mm -Speed control of the grinding spindle Including:: -Adjustment tool -Draw tube for chucks other accessories on reqeust Die Werkzeugmaschine entspricht zum derzeitigen Zeitpunkt nicht den grundlegenden Sicherheits- und Schutzanforderungen wie in der BetrSichV 2015 genannt. Eine Anhebung des erforderlichen Mindest-Schutzzieles ist mittels einer Gefährdungsbeurteilung nach BetrSichV zu ermitteln.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, Fully renovated, repainted drilling machine. Guides, bearings, compressed air pipes has been fully changed. Hodexz Ez Hepfx Alwsu

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, CNC series 245 A 3l T R DH, control system, manufacturer: Siemens, type: Sinumerik 840D SL, 2 spindle units (1x external type WMZ; 3x internal, manufacturer: GMN, type HSX 150-24.000/23 with tool holder HSK 63; grinding spindle turret), 2 cross slides, 2x C-axis, 2x magnetic chucks Ø 800 mm, workpiece Ø max. 1,000 mm, workpiece length max. 400 mm, spindle speeds max. 1,000 rpm, table travel X1/X2 axis 885 mm, table travel Z1/Z2 axis 1,000 mm, 4 table levelers, electronic balancing system MPM, coolant system, manufacturer: Liqui, type KSS system MTBF V500, MW250, capacity 1,900 l, band filter, temperature control, manufacturer: Hyfra, chip conveyor, switchgear and control cabinets, platform, table system, 5-piece, 3 drawer cabinets, 5 drawers, contents: setup tools, machine accessories. Hsdpfx Alezgvlyowju

Condition: used, Jung F 50 Surface Grinding Machine Condition: Used Technical Data Grinding Length: 500 mm Grinding Width: 200 mm Grinding Height to Spindle Center: 285 mm Table Size: 700 x 200 mm Spindle Speed: approx. 3000 rpm Grinding Wheel: 225 x 20 x 51 mm Feed: manual via handwheel Hodpfx Aleyuy Euoweu Rapid Traverse Wheel Dressing Device Dimensions (L / W / H): approx. 1850 mm / 1300 mm / 1750 mm Weight: approx. 1400 kg

Condition: new, grinding range 3 -28 mm angle adjustable from - to horizontal 0-180 Grad angle adjustable from - to vertikal 0-45 Grad angle adjustable from - to negativ 0-52 Grad clamping range 3 - 28mm mm 0 5200 U/min connected load 230 / 250 Volt / Watt wheel diameter 100 x 50 x 20 mm weight of the machine ca. 45 Kg dimensions 0,5 x 0,4 x 0,4 m This grinder is ideal for regrinding tools such as end mills, drills, TIG welding needles and much more. Hodpfxevn U Ade Alwju comes standard with: Lathe tool accessories Drill accessories Accessories for milling 5C spring collet (4-6-8-10-12 mm) Clutch key 38-42 Grinding wheel wrench Allen key M3-M8 screwdriver Diamond grinding disc Ø 100 x 50 x 20 Grinding wheel: Ø 100 x 50 x 20 Diamond pen Spring collet: 3/16" - 5/16" - 3/8" - 1/2"

Condition: new, grinding range 2 - 13 mm sharp cornered angle min./max. 90 - 140 Grad connected load 230 V Hodpoupxdqefx Alwou weight of the machine ca. 10 Kg dimensions of the machine ca. 0,35 x 0,2 x 0,2 m

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, Technical details: Hedpfx Asu Ngrqjlwou height of profile: 180 mm max. dia. of grinding wheel: 200 / Topfscheibe mm grinding wheel hole diameter: k.A. grinding spindle speed: 2800 U/min Table dimensions: LxB: 500 x 160mm mm voltage: 220 / 380 V total power requirement: 3,0 kW weight of the machine ca.: 0,57 t dimension machine approx.LxWxH: 1,28 x 1,0 x 1,75 m Application for face grinding Magnet mount: LxW = 680 x 200mm; tilt approx. 15°; swivel 360° via radial scale magnet: Type S2D; permanent magnet, clamping surface 300 x 150mm. Grinding wheel support: -adjustment vertical = length 180mm manual; swivel = approx. 45° right/left manual. Operation via control panel on machine. Coolant tank with pump and feed *

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, Type FNX 640 NC-T, fully enclosed Magnetic clamping plate/grinding area 600 x 400 mm Spindle speed 3000 rpm, drive power 7.5 kW Hsdpfx Aloz Hyarjweu Operating voltage 400 V / 50 Hz Table axis with V-shaped flat guide and toothed belt drive Y/Z axis with linear guides and ball screw drive Table load 300 kg Control: FANUC NC-T with Stöckel touch-screen interface Grinding-related equipment: Folding dresser Grinding mist extraction Strip filter system Options: Cycle chaining Profile grinding VPN connection for remote diagnostics/remote maintenance etc. The machine is fully functional and can be inspected at the manufacturer's premises by appointment.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2026, grinding diameter 350 mm grinding length 1500 mm centre height 175 mm grinding wheel diameter 400 mm grinding wheel width 50 mm bore 127 mm MK5 work piece spindle speed 20-400 U/min grinding head swivelling 360 ° grinding spindle head - swivable 180 + - ° Hsdpfxoy R Edvs Alwou grinding spindle speed 1500,1700,2200 U/min 0,001-0,030 mm/Ø 0-0,95 mm/Ø ± 6 ° longitudinal feed of the table 1750 mm table speeds 0,02-6 m/min 130 kg 130 inkl. Spannugkg kg 80 mm total power requirement 6,5 kW weight of the machine ca. 2,9 t dimensions of the machine ca. 5,6 x 2,0 m Komplett überholt mit Umbau auf Technik der modernsten Ausführung. -Neuer Schaltschrank -Modernes Hydraulikaggregat -Moderner Werkstückspindelstock -Moderner Reitstock mit Feinverstellung -Moderner Steuerblock,Zustellung,Getriebekasten -Innenschleifvorrichtung für Spindeln mit 80mm Durchmesser -Schwenkwinkelanzeige Schleifspindelstock -Schleifwinkelanzeige Obertisch -Luftabhebung Obertisch -Reitstock mit Feinverstellung -Sinuslineal -stufenlos regelbare Schleifspindeldrehzahl 70-100% -stufenlos regelbare Innenschleifspindeldrehzahl 70-100% -Auf Wunsch Umbau auf separaten Innenschleifspindelantrieb mit Kühlung und regelbarer Innenschleifspindeldrehzahl 0-100% -Spritzschutztüren z-Achse Optionen: Schwenkwinkelanzeige Werkstückspindelstock Schwenkwinkelanzeige Schleifspindelstock Schwenkwinkelanzeige Obertisch Teilraumverkleidung in X sowie Sonderwünsche

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, Junker cylindrical grinding machine, type EJ 10 Year of manufacture: 2005 Hjdpoznx Hcofx Alwju Control system: Siemens 810 Distance between centers: 150 mm Center height: 100 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 5 kg Maximum grinding wheel diameter: 400 mm Maximum grinding wheel width: 63 mm Grinding wheel bore: JUNKER spindle bore 27 mm This offer is exclusively aimed at business operators within the meaning of §14 of the German Civil Code (BGB).