Used Gear Testing Machine for sale (76,213)

Condition: used, Zwick / Roell Rcjdozfy Ivopfx Aireh Universal testing machine / Material testing machine Zwick / Roell ProLine Z005 Universal Testing Machine 5 kN testing machine for tensile, compression, and material testing For sale is a used universal testing machine from the manufacturer Zwick / Roell. The machine is suitable for tensile tests, compression tests, material testing, component testing, quality assurance, research and development, and laboratory applications. Technical data Manufacturer: Zwick / Roell Type: ProLine Z005 / 5 kN ProLine Type of device: Universal testing machine / Material testing machine Year of manufacture: 2016 Made in Germany Maximum testing force: 5 kN Load cell: Zwick Xforce P Rated force of load cell: 5 kN Start of measurement, accuracy class 1: 20 N Start of measurement, accuracy class 0.5: 100 N Nominal measuring range: 0.06 mm Machine dimensions: approx. 917 x 439 x 1331 mm (W x D x H) Frame width: approx. 720 mm Installation width of frame: approx. 770 mm Testing space width: approx. 440 mm Machine weight: approx. 200 kg Weight of load cell: approx. 0.65 kg Mains connection: 230 V Frequency: 50 / 60 Hz Current consumption: 3.5 A Connection: 1L / PE / N Measuring module: DCSC Measuring range: 0.2 % to 165 % of the nominal measuring value Measurement value acquisition rate: max. 10 kHz Measuring input: Differential input Sensor supply: 10 V DC Strain gauge bridge resistance: 175 to 1200 Ω Connection type: 4- and 6-conductor technology Nominal sensitivity: 2 mV/V Connection thread for load cell: M28 x 1.5 Connection bolt: Ø 20 mm Dowel pin: Ø 8 mm Degree of protection of load cell: IP54 Load cell Type: Xforce P Rated force: 5 kN Working force max.: 150 % of Fnom Limit force: 150 % of Fnom Breaking force: 300 % of Fnom Limit transverse force: 100 % of Fnom Component height: 95 mm Installation dimension: approx. 72 mm Installation height: approx. 61 mm Diameter: 54 mm Equipment Zwick / Roell ProLine testing frame Xforce P 5 kN load cell DCSC measuring module Electronic force measurement Machine electronics on the side of the load frame PC system / testing software as shown in the pictures Accessories as shown in the pictures Application areas Tensile testing Compression testing Material testing Material characterization Quality assurance Incoming goods inspection Research and development Laboratory applications Condition Used Optical condition as shown in the pictures Scope of delivery 1x Zwick / Roell ProLine Z005 Universal Testing Machine 1x Xforce P 5 kN Load Cell 1x DCSC Measuring Module PC system / Software as shown in the pictures Accessories as shown in the pictures The table shown in the photos, as well as any other items not explicitly mentioned, are not included in the sale. Shipping or forwarding possible. Subject to changes, errors and prior sale. We will gladly answer any further questions by telephone.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, ratio of transmission 10:1 min. number of teeth 3 max. number of teeth 200 range of tooth size 20 mm tooth width max. 58 mm diameter of tools min 69,85 mm diameter of tools max. 230 mm x-axis 325 mm y-axis 350 mm z-axis 470 mm work piece table - Ø 212,71 mm b-axis + 90,1 / - 1 ° Control SIN 840 D SIEMENS total power requirement 75 kW weight of the machine ca. 10.000 Kg dimensions of the machine ca. 6,10 x 4,40 x 3,30 m WAGURI Rjdpfx Aisynmm Eerjch with EWAB load cell built in 2012 (Linear loader) no coolant filter system available

Condition: used, Zwick/Roell Zwick/Roell ProLine Universal Testing Machine Z010 TN – 10 kN, Type: BT1-FB010TN.D30 For sale is a professional material testing machine from Zwick/Roell, suitable for tensile and compression tests up to 10 kN. The machine comes from an industrial setting and has been professionally operated. General Data: Manufacturer: Zwick GmbH & Co. KG, Ulm Rated force: 10 kN Type of test: Tensile and compression test Technical Performance Data: Crosshead speed: 0.001 – 1,000 mm/min Speed accuracy: 0.01% of Vnenn (nominal speed) Displacement resolution: 0.038 µm Positioning repeatability: < 2.0 µm Maximum test frequency: 0.5 Hz Data acquisition rate: 500 Hz Data transfer to PC: 10–100 Hz Force measurement according to ISO 7500-1 Dimensions & Weight: Height with leveling elements: approx. 1,331 mm Width with electronics: approx. 930 mm Depth with electronics: approx. 437 mm Working space width: 440 mm Working space height (bottom): 1,050 mm Weight with typical components: approx. 160 kg Electrical Data: Adjustable mains voltage: 100–250 V Mains frequency: 50 / 60 Hz Power consumption: 800 VA Current consumption at 230 V: approx. 3.4 A Fuse rating: ≤ 16 A Connection: 1L / PE / N Documented test and calibration records: 18.09.2017 Machine BT1-FB010TN.D30 testXpert II Version 3.2 tC-PC System Temperature during testing: 23.3 °C Displacement measurement system: Incremental encoder (rotary) Force sensor installed 29.01.2014 Force sensor: Xforce HP Module: DCSC Calibration at Zwick Ulm 28.08.2013 Force sensor: Xforce P Module: DCSC Rotation before test series: 120° testXpert control system Documented service and calibration records are available. Software & Control: Software: testXpert® II Documented version: V3.2 Installation documentation from version 2.2 Documentation status: March 2010 PC control: tC-PC Interfaces: RS232 / Ethernet Note: testXpert II is a professional industrial testing software. Installed Modules & Components DCSC measuring module Force sensor Xforce P / Xforce HP Incremental encoder (rotary displacement measurement system) ISO 7500-1 compliant force measurement Rcsdpozizrkofx Airsh Installed under the traverse Important Note: “The table shown in the photos is not part of the sale.” Condition: used Scope of delivery: Material testing machine BT1-FB010TN.D30 PC with monitor Force sensor DCSC module Specimens / Grips Adapters and holders Tools Documentation folder with documents Scope of delivery as shown in the pictures. (Changes and errors in the technical data are subject to change!) We will be happy to answer any further questions you may have by telephone.

Year of construction: 2023, condition: excellent (used), 1 used universal testing machine / tensile testing machine / material testing machine Manufacturer: Zwick Roell Type: Retroline 50 KN Modernization/inspection by ZwickRoell: 01/2023 with testControl II measuring, control, and regulating electronics. Rcedpfjz Eyqnjx Airoh Maximum testing force: 50 kN 2 × wedge-type specimen holders, ZwickRoell 8404R, 50 kN Specimen holder part no. 1006757 Flat specimens: 0–22 mm, depending on the set of jaws Round specimens: Ø 4–19 mm, depending on the set of jaws Opening width with jaws: 22 mm Connecting pin: Ø 36 mm Weight per specimen holder: approx. 11 kg suitable for static and cyclic tensile tests extensive original ZwickRoell documentation inspection report available very well-maintained condition Application areas: Tensile tests and material testing on metals, plastics, and other materials; suitable for quality assurance, testing laboratories, research, development, and training.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1983, max. wheel diameter 1500 mm gear width 550 mm max. module 25 min. module 2 workpiece weight max. 6000 kg max. number of teeth 432 min. number of teeth 12 table diameter 990 mm grinding wheel size 400 mm total power requirement 75 kW weight of the machine ca. 20,5 t With tailstock max. wheel dia. 1250mm, without tailstock 1500mm The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- Rcedpfx Ajyq Szaoirsh binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: excellent (used), Material Testing Machine / Universal Testing Machine Type: BT2-FA005TN.A50.002 Article No. Base Machine: 1004473 Z005 TN AllroundLine Table-Top The system is a comprehensively equipped ZwickRoell Z005 TN AllroundLine tabletop testing machine. The system has been specifically configured for mechanical and functional testing of automotive injectors and injection systems. In addition, the system features pneumatic sample holders, a visual color recognition system, and a precision scale, as well as extensive product-specific accessories. Technical data: Testing machine: Maximum testing force of the load frame: 5 kN Total testing space height: 1,164 mm Testing space height at the bottom without attachments: 1,030 mm Testing space height at the top without attachments: 1,015 mm Testing space width: 440 mm Crosshead speed: 0.0005 to 3,000 mm/min Return speed: max. 3,000 mm/min Deviation of the drive speed: max. 0.05 % Drive stroke resolution: 0.959431 nm Positioning repeatability: ±2 µm Control: adaptive Control cycle: 1,000 Hz Load cell: Type: Xforce HP Rated force: 0.5 kN / 500 N Suitable for static and dynamic tensile and compressive forces Accuracy class 1 from 1 N Accuracy class 0.5 from 5 N Maximum operating force: 150 % of the rated force Limit force: 150 % of the rated force Breaking force: 300 % of the rated force Rcsdpezwvu Nofx Airjh Protection class: IP54 Connection thread: M28 × 1.5 Connection pin: Ø 20 mm Measuring and control electronics: ZwickRoell testControl II machine electronics DCSC measuring module for strain gauge load cells Measured value acquisition rate: 400 kHz Measured value transmission to PC: 500 Hz Automatic zero point correction Measured signal time correction Ethernet interface to PC Measuring amplifier for strain gauge full bridges Measuring range: 0.2 to 165 % of the rated measured value Measured value acquisition rate of the DCSC module: max. 10 kHz Force measurement technology according to ISO 7500-1 and ASTM E4 Testing device for automotive injectors: Article No.: 3002956 Maximum testing force: 200 N Dimensions: approx. 396 × 235 × 309 mm Weight: approx. 20 kg Pneumatic sample holders: Article No.: 3001461 Maximum testing force: 200 N Maximum opening width: 40 mm Closes on both sides and symmetrically Interchangeable clamping jaws Dimensions of the load frame: Height without base profiles: 1,314 mm Height with base profiles: 1,528 to 2,108 mm Width without base profiles: 680 mm Width with base profiles: 856 mm Width including machine electronics: 1,044 mm Depth with base profiles: 650 mm Depth including machine electronics: 690 mm Weight: Load frame with machine electronics: approx. 161 kg Base profiles: approx. 31 kg Machine with typical attachments: approx. 226 kg + Laser measuring system / visual color recognition system from Keyence + Precision scale: Article No.: 085770 Maximum load: 220 g Readability: 0.1 mg Repeatability at 200 g: 0.1 mg Linearity: 0.25 mg RS232 interface for data transmission Separate weighing cell, display unit and operating terminal + PC with ZwickRoell testXpert III testing software, version 1.2 + Microphone and many other accessories shown in the pictures Condition: used Optical condition according to the pictures Functional scope according to the pictures The complete configuration of all components and accessories, as well as the calibration of the system, must be carried out by the customer themselves. Shipping or freight shipping is possible. Subject to changes, errors and prior sale.

Condition: used, INSTRON Spring Testing Machine / Universal Testing Machine SPRING SF1392-E1-L12-SPL Professional 100 kN testing machine for spring, compression, and material testing For sale is a used spring testing machine from the manufacturer INSTRON. The system was designed for highly precise spring, compression, and material testing. It is ideal for use in testing laboratories, research and development, quality assurance, and industrial manufacturing. Technical data: Manufacturer: INSTRON Type: SPRING Model: SF1392-E1-L12-SPL Serial number: SPRGK4348 Year of manufacture: 2007 Testing force: 100 kN Power supply: 240 V AC / 1~ / 50–60 Hz Mains current: 25 A Control voltage: 24 V AC / 50–60 Hz Max. ambient temperature: 40 °C Dimensions: Machine (W × D × H): approx. 1,307 × 757 × 2,392 mm Sliding door with 0 mm additional opening space Base Extension Model: 2910-061 Weights: Testing machine: approx. 1,145 kg Base Extension: approx. 96 kg 5800 Controller: approx. 31.8 kg Total weight: approx. 1,273 kg 5500 Controller: Dimensions (H × W × D): 650 × 280 × 570 mm Weight: approx. 31.8 kg Equipment: 100 kN testing frame Protective enclosure with sliding door Base Extension Model 2910-061 Instron 5500 Controller Operating console Rcodpfx Ajzlp Ixoirjh Industrial PC Monitor Keyboard Mouse Emergency stop system Testing platens / compression tools as shown in the pictures Technical documentation as shown in the pictures Application areas: Spring testing Compression testing Material testing Component testing Load testing Material testing Quality assurance Testing laboratory Research & Development Scope of delivery: Instron SPRING SF1392-E1-L12-SPL Base Extension Model 2910-061 Instron 5500 Controller Operating console Testing platens / compression tools as shown in the pictures Machine accessories as shown in the pictures Technical documentation as shown in the pictures Important note: To operate the system, the original Instron testing software including a valid software license is required. The software and the software license are not included in this offer. According to the manufacturer, a corresponding retrofit is required for recommissioning. A functional test could not be carried out due to the missing software. The sale is therefore preferably aimed at specialist companies for recommissioning or upgrading. Condition: Used Optical condition according to the pictures. Normal signs of wear and tear are present. The workbench shown in the photos is not part of the sale. The operating console and the machine accessories shown are included in the scope of delivery. Transport information: Original shipping dimensions according to the manufacturer: 2,795 × 1,600 × 1,295 mm (L × W × H) Shipping weight according to the manufacturer: approx. 1,565 kg Loading with a forklift is possible. Shipping via a freight forwarder is possible. Subject to changes, errors and prior sale. We will gladly answer any further questions by telephone or email.

Condition: used, AFFOLTER 90 CNC machining center in perfect condition! Rcodezzcdxjpfx Airjh

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 0430342, Spur gear hobbing machine Tos OFE 22 Rodj Abanxepfx Airoch machine no. 0430342

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1991, max. wheel diameter 10 - 330 mm gear width 180 mm max. module 7 min. module 0,5 clamping length 420 mm Rcodpfx Aozd Hgijireh number of teeth 10 - 600 max.helical angle +/- 45 ° turning speeds 1100 - 1900 U/min grinding wheel diameter 280 - 350 mm grinding wheel width 84 - 104 weight of the machine ca. 5,1 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4,5 x 6,0 x 2,3 m

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, CNC Spiral Bevel Gear Cutting Machine Gleason No 631 Year of manufacture: 2011 Rcodsw Tfb Sopfx Aireh Control: SIEMENS 840d Retrofitted in 2011/2012 with new control, drives, etc. The machine was fully overhauled in 2011. A new control system and drives were installed.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Gear shaping machine STANKO 5M150 Max. diameter of gears that can be cut: 800 mm Max. module: 12 mm Max. cutter stroke: 200 mm Saddle indexing gear diameter: 360 mm Distance between axes (tool and table): 0-700 mm Largest tool diameter: 200 mm Cutter arbor diameter: 44.443 mm Rcedpfxjqcvkvo Airjh Taper: M5 Table diameter: 800 mm Distance from floor to table: 870 mm Indexing gear diameter: 762 mm Table hole diameter: 120A mm Double stroke per minute (s.p.m.): 33-188 mm Range of table feed rates per cutter double stroke: -Circular: 0.2-1.5 mm -Radial: 1-5.4 mm Table rapid rotation speed: 1.7 rpm Table rapid travel speed: 137 mm/min Cutter rapid rotation speed: 3 rpm Main electric motor power: 4.8; 5.7; 7.5 kW Dimensions: 3100x1800x3500 mm Weight: 10200 kg

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1985, functionality: fully functional, 1 used Iseli surface grinding machine, model EBW-E. Rsdpfx Ajzz Rhloirjch

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, One used CNC gear grinding machine OERLIKON Opal 800 Max. tip diameter: 1000 mm Min. root diameter: 40 mm Min. module: 1 Max. module: 16 Number of teeth: 999 Max. gear width: 630 mm Opal grinding wheel and diamond disk Only single profile grinding possible, see photo. Rjdpfxoyucd Hj Airoch

Condition: good (used), Gear Hobbing Machine Strausak 30 Workpiece diameter for manual loading: Ø 35 mm Workpiece diameter for magazine loading: Ø 15 mm Workpiece diameter for fully automatic loading: Ø 10–12 mm Maximum hobbing length: 12 mm Plunge feed at 42% of longitudinal feed: 22 mm Plunge feed at 25% of longitudinal feed: 14 mm Module in steel max.: 1.0 mm Module in non-ferrous metals max.: Solid material ø26 / ø35 mm Selectable number of teeth: 5–390 Cutter speeds: 1160–8550 rpm Plunge feeds per workpiece revolution: 0.0325–0.273 mm Longitudinal feeds per workpiece revolution: 0.033–0.65 mm Cutter diameter: 8–24 mm Machine weight: 600 kg Main motor: 0.8 HP at 3000 rpm Hydraulic motor: 0.25 HP at 1500 rpm Coolant motor: 0.25 HP at 1500 rpm Rcjdpfx Ajx Dxu Sjireh No guarantee is given for the accuracy, completeness or timeliness of the information provided.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1987, max. wheel diameter 4400 mm gear width 645 mm max. module 35 Control Siemens main drive motor 37 kW table diameter 2500 mm ical angle +/- 30 ° workpiece weight 40000 kg total power requirement 142 kVA weight of the machine ca. 75 t Partial overhaul 2006 5 controlled axes a, c, x, y, z Max. gear outer diameter 3000 mm Max. outer diameter for internal gears 3560 mm Max. module with hobs 30 Max. module with internal form cutters 18 Min. gear diameter 900 mm Axial feed travel 1800 mm Largest axial slide travel 1800 mm The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. Rcjdpfxjyqt S Hj Airjh We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, Zwick / Roell Type: LTM10 Max. testing frequency: 100 Hz, depending on the amplitude Dynamic testing force in tension/compression: 10 kN Static testing force in tension/compression: 7 kN Rjdpfx Aiozh D R Hsrech Piston stroke: 60 mm Positioning and repeat accuracy: +/- 2 µm Speed range: 1 mm/min - 1 m/s Testing space height without load cell: 1170 mm Weight with linear motor: 1065 kg (without control unit) Maintenance: according to maintenance specifications, partially performed by Zwick/Roell Accessories: screw chucks, software (TestXpert research) Connection: 400V 50/60 Hz 32A 3-phase/PE Condition: used Scope of delivery: (See image) (Changes and errors in the technical data are subject to change!) We will gladly answer any further questions you may have over the phone.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Oerlikon SL-2, bevel gear lapping machine. Rcsdpfxjz H Np Ao Airjh

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 5585HK1182, We are offering this used Instron 5585HK1182 universal testing machine for sale. Rjdpfx Ajzgv Etsiroch Stroke: 1182 mm Pressing force: 25 t Dimensions (installation): 1.5 x 1.0 x 2.5 m Weight: 952 kg Control system: Instron Blue Hill If you have any questions or require further information, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: unexamined, Gear hobbing machine – Celta model C4, with a cutter diameter of 480 mm, maximum workpiece diameter of 550 mm, and maximum module of 8. Total power: 9 kW, estimated weight: 4500 kg. Rcsdpfezbzygox Airjh

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2015, A high-performance planetary gear production line EMAG including automation and peripheral equipment is available. 1) Raw parts storage (stacker) EMAG. 2) Vertical single-spindle turning center EMAG VLC100, max. workpiece diameter: 100mm, max. workpiece height: 150mm, max. chuck diameter: 160mm, max. swing diameter: 210mm, travel X/Z: 650mm/375mm, speed: 6000rpm, rapid traverse X/Z: 60m/min/30m/min, tool stations: 12, tool holder: VDI30, control: Siemens 840D sl. 3) Vertical single-spindle turning center EMAG VLC100, max. workpiece diameter: 100mm, max. workpiece height: 150mm, max. chuck diameter: 160mm, max. swing diameter: 210mm, travel X/Z: 650mm/375mm, speed: 6000rpm, rapid traverse X/Z: 60m/min/30m/min, tool stations: 12, tool holder: VDI30, control: Siemens 840D sl. 4) Vertical hobbing machine EMAG VLC200H, max. workpiece diameter: 200mm, max. module: 4, travel X/Y/Z: 790mm/120mm/400mm, swivel range: +/-35°, control: Siemens 840D sl. 5) Vertical chamfering/deburring machine EMAG VLC100C, max. workpiece diameter: 100mm, max. workpiece height: 150mm, travel X/Z: 900mm/375mm, control: Siemens 840D sl. 6) Internal automation EMAG TrackMotion with 2x TransLift carriages. Type: transfer automation, purpose: part feeding/intermediate station transport/part removal, control: HT8. 7) O-belt automation for each EMAG machining machine with pallet and belt buffer, max. pallets: 24pieces/machine. 8) Marking press Markator for part marking. 9) Part handling unit EKF Automation in gantry design. 10) Basket stacking cell EKF Automation for the finished parts storage, number of stacks: 3. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible under power connection. Rjdpfx Aiox Dm D Ierech

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 7,000 kg, This machine is configured with 4 fully electronic CNC axes and has integrated software that generates the automatic program. Description Maximum gear diameter: 400 mm Gear width: 76 mm Stroke: 82 mm Rotation: 150 - 700 rpm Module: min. 0.5 mm Module: max. 6 mm Machine weight: approx. 7500 kg Electrical equipment: Rjdpfswvbqijx Airsch – Operating voltage: 380/400 V – Protection: 20kva Machine with new CNC Siemens 808D Siemens drives and servomotors New update 2025 Screens for automatic program generation Automatic cycles NR12 Included in Chip conveyor Coolant tank Automatic lubrication Digital pressure controls Hydrostatic guide

Year of construction: 2026, condition: as good as new (ex-display), Universal Testing Machine PM10 Force: 10 kN Crosshead travel: 700 mm Installation space: 400 mm Overall height: 1230 mm Weight: approx. 85 kg Resolution: 0.01 mm Testing speed: 1-500 mm/min Return speed: 700 mm/min Rcjdod R Dpmspfx Aireh Load cell: 10 kN Includes evaluation electronics and basic software. Our testing machines can be operated in stand-alone mode via a numeric keypad, allowing for a “quick test” even without a PC. For tests that require data storage and recording of the curve profile, we offer the option of control and evaluation with the basic software. This allows you to generate different test sequences and create a test report. Furthermore, you have the option to process the raw data in your own programs. Optional: - Delivery and commissioning - DAkkS or factory calibration according to DIN EN ISO 7500-1 - Clamping devices: Pressure plates, bending fixtures, shear fixtures, wedge clamps, scissor clamps, peeling clamps, screw clamps, pneumatic clamps, and hydraulic clamps.

Condition: used, max. wheel diameter 2000 mm gear width . mm max. module 22 max. hob diameter 250 mm hob turning speeds 16-92 U/min total power requirement 13 kW The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale Rcodsyqukkopfx Airjh apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team

Condition: used, Technical details: traction force: 250 kN control: SCHENCK HYDROPULS PSB dayligth: 1000 - 1200 je nach Spannwerkzeug /acc. clamp.tool mm Rodpfx Aozi R R Aoirech piston stroke: 180mm mm A servo-hydraulic leaf spring testing machine with Series 65 digital electronics is designed for testing leaf springs used in commercial vehicles, railway vehicles, and industrial applications. A hydraulic actuator applies defined loads while force, displacement, and, if required, strain are measured. Typical tests: ·Static spring characteristic (force-displacement curve) ·Fatigue and endurance testing ·Cyclic load testing ·Service life testing ·Tensile and compression testing ·Production quality control *