Used Mazak Multiplex 610 for sale (297)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 195125, turning diameter: 545 mm, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 410 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 140 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 570 mm, overall weight: 5,040 kg, The MAZAK Integrex 100-IV is a compact and highly precise CNC turning and milling center designed for complete machining of complex workpieces in a single setup. Thanks to the combination of turning and milling capabilities, as well as integrated B- and Y-axes, this machine is particularly suitable for demanding precision parts in medical technology, mechanical engineering, and precision mechanics. The machine was built in 2007 and is equipped with the powerful MAZATROL Matrix control unit, allowing for both conversational and ISO programming, and offering modern features for efficient and productive manufacturing. Technical Data at a Glance: • Travel range: 410 mm on the X-axis, 140 mm on the Y-axis (±70 mm), and 570 mm on the Z-axis. The B-axis features a swiveling range of 225°, enabling complex five-sided machining. The C-axis of the main spindle operates with a high positioning accuracy of 0.001°. • Maximum turning and swing diameter: 545 mm each. • The main spindle reaches speeds up to 6,000 rpm with a power output of approx. 11 kW, enabling dynamic and precise turning operations. The integrated milling spindle operates at speeds up to 12,000 rpm with approx. 5.5 kW of power output, making it ideal for milling, drilling, and tapping operations. • The machine is equipped with a tool changer (included), allowing a maximum tool length of 210 mm, as well as a KM tool holder system which ensures high rigidity and fast tool changes. Equipment includes: • Chip conveyor • “Tool Eye” tool measurement system With a machine weight of approx. 5,040 kg, the Integrex 100-IV impresses with its compact design, high precision, and flexibility—ideal for cost-effective complete machining in modern production environments. You are in the best hands with us – professional, reliable, and passionate about machines! Csdpfx Aeyir I Rsf Ajrd PS CNC Service Germany GmbH & Co. KG All information subject to change without notice.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1999, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 2,500 mm, Mazak INTEGREX 50YR-2500U – Technical Data Crodpfxoyuucns Af Aed Machine type: CNC Turning/Milling Center / Multitasking Manufacturer: Mazak Control: MAZATROL PC-Fusion CNC 640MT Year of manufacture: 1999

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, MAZAK VTC 200B II, year 2004 X axis: 1120 mm Y axis: 510 mm Cedpfoylnxkex Af Aord Z axis: 510 mm Spindle: max. 12,000 rpm SK40 Through-spindle coolant (IKZ) Table length: 1460 mm Table width: 510 mm Table load: 800 kg Tool changer: 30 positions Spindle power: 18.5 kW Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Tool changer: 30 positions IKZ: Yes Number of controlled axes: 3 Chip conveyor: Yes Cooling system: Yes

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 966 h, MAZAK OPTIPLEX NEXUS 3015 FIBER - 4 kW CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Machine Price: EUR 190,000 net Condition: Used – VERY LOW OPERATING HOURS Resonator: IPG YLS-4000 U VERY LOW WORKING HOURS The machine has exceptionally low operating hours. The IPG resonator and critical components are in near-factory condition: - Practically full remaining lifespan of the IPG resonator (rated for up to 100,000 h) - Minimal wear on the optical system, Multi-Control Torch 2.1 head, and linear guideways - Cutting quality and precision comparable to a new machine - Operating hours confirmed by CNC readout – documentation available upon request or during inspection TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Model: Optiplex Nexus 3015 Fiber Laser Type: Ytterbium fiber laser Resonator: IPG YLS-4000 U Laser Power: 4.0 kW Max. Sheet Size: 1,525 x 3,050 mm Max. Pallet Load: 930 kg Travel (X/Y/Z): 3,100 / 1,580 / 150 mm Rapid Traverse (X/Y): 60 m/min (85 m/min combined) Drive X1/X2/Y: Rack & pinion, direct-drive Drive Z: Servo, ball screw Accuracy X/Y: ±0.05 mm / 500 mm Repeatability: ±0.03 mm Head: Multi-Control Torch 2.1, F125-F200 mm Assist Gases: O2, air, third gas; 0.02–2.5 MPa CNC: Mazatrol Preview G, 19" touchscreen Pallet Changer: Automated, 2-pallet Weight: Approx. 12,850 kg Power: 380–480 V, max. 18 kW CUTTING CAPACITY (4 kW) Mild steel O2: 20 mm Mild steel N2: 4 mm Stainless steel N2: 15 mm Aluminum N2: 15 mm Copper O2: 8 mm Brass N2: 8 mm INTELLIGENT FUNCTIONS (INCLUDED) Automatic nozzle changer (8 nozzles), auto focus positioning, focus detection, auto profiler calibration, auto nozzle cleaning, beam diameter control, pierce/plasma/burn detection, fine power ramping, flash cut. SCOPE OF DELIVERY (INCLUDED IN PRICE) Cast-iron frame (foundation-free installation), Mazatrol Preview G CNC 19", Multi-Control Torch 2.1 head with 8-position nozzle changer, OPTIPOD module, automatic 2-pallet changer, chiller with 6 m hoses, cutting nozzles 1.2/2.0/3.0 mm plus 5 adapters, laser edge detection, numerical gas pressure control, multi-tap transformer, slatted table (100 mm spacing), tools, documentation (PL/EN). OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT – NOT INCLUDED The laser system can be purchased separately for EUR 190,000. Options below are available at additional cost. OPTION A – PRESSURE-BOOSTING UNIT – EUR 15,000 net Allows cutting with compressed atmospheric air instead of expensive nitrogen, greatly reducing operating costs. Crjdpfx Afey Dgxuj Aod Components: 1. Compressor SK 25 / max. 15 bar / SK.2-13318 2. Condensate Drain Ultramat UFM-D03 3. Economizer Ultra-Filter DF 0035 - DF 1100 4. Ultra-Filter DF 0035 - DF 1100 5. Pressure vessel, 500 l Air cutting capacity: mild steel up to 6 mm, stainless up to 4 mm. OPTION B – SHEET LOADING CRANE – EUR 5,500 net Sheet loading crane, lifting capacity up to 700 kg. Enables safe and quick loading of sheets onto the laser pallet. PRICE SUMMARY (NET, EUR) Machine only: EUR 190,000 Option A (pressure unit): EUR 15,000 Option B (loading crane): EUR 5,500 Total with both options: EUR 210,500 COMMERCIAL TERMS - All prices are net, in EUR (VAT not included) - Offer valid for 30 days - Payment and delivery terms to be agreed - Inspection and test cutting available by appointment

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, Make: MAZAK Type of machine: QuickTurn Nexus 250-II Year of manufacture: 2007 Control system: Mazatrol Matrix Nexus Machine's weight: 5.200 kg Tool holder: BMT Credpjy I Uvijfx Af Ajd Speed range: 4.000 1/min Cutting diameter: 380 mm Turning length: 500 mm Tool turret - slots: 12 Pl. Spindle opening: 76 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 2,000 h, functionality: fully functional, For sale: Mazak EMC 3015 automatic sheet metal loading and unloading system, Extensible Manufacturing Cell. A new one costs approximately €130,000. The system is practically new. Used with a machine with 2,000 hours of operation, and only occasionally. Manufactured in 2016. High Column model, compatible with the following Mazak machines: Optiplex, Optiplex Nexus, SpaceGear, Optiplex NEO Maximum sheet dimensions: 3000x1500mm Maximum sheet weight: 900kg. Unloading station: max. 2000kg. Sheet metal loading queue management system. Cjdpfx Afsyh N Rdo Ajrd

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, x-travel 1300 mm y-travel 510 mm z-travel 570 mm max. workpiece weight 1200 kg spindle turning speed range 12000 U/min weight of the machine ca. 7,1 t Crodsyyc Svepfx Af Aod required space 5,00 x 3,20 x 3,00 m

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, Table size, pallet size: 500 x 500 mm Pallet quantity: 2 Maximum workpiece size: 730 x 500 mm Maximum table load: 500 kg Travel paths: X-axis: 630 mm Y-axis: 765 mm Z-axis: 510 mm C-axis: 360° (turntable) A-axis: +30°/-120° (swivel table) Speed range: 12 000 rpm Tool holder: SK 40 Tool positions: 80 Internal tool cooling: 20 bar Main drive power: 26 KW Machine weight: 17 000 kg Space requirement (LxWxH): 5 500 x 4 000 x 3 400 mm Control system: Mazatrol Matrix Accessories: Chip conveyor, complete documentation for the machine. Codsr Drcmopfx Af Aerd

Year of construction: 2000, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 2105 mm Measurements depth 3485 mm Crjdpex D N Ipefx Af Aed Machine weight 7500 kg Control Unit Brand MAZATROL Main Drive Spindle speed range 3500–5000 Spindle bore 61 mm Number of axis 4 Movement X-Axis Movement 530 mm X-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min X-Axis Rapid Traverse 30 m/min Y-Axis Movement ±70 mm Y-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min Y-Axis Rapid Traverse 15 m/min Z-Axis Movement 1065 mm Z-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 33 m/min Tail Stock Pinol diameter 80 mm Pinol way 870 mm Pinol tool taper MK4 Tools Number of station 20 Max weight 7 kg Max tool diameter 90 mm Max tool length 250 mm This 4-axis Mazak INTEGREX 200 Y was manufactured in 2000. It features a maximum turning diameter of 540 mm, a swing diameter of 540 mm, and a bar diameter capacity of 51 mm. The machine supports a workpiece weight up to 150 kg and offers a spindle speed range up to 5,000 rpm. It includes a Mazak KM 63 quick change tool system with 20 slots. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Mazak INTEGREX 200 Y machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Application Types Turning

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 2,587 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 259052, feed length X-axis: 510 mm, feed length Y-axis: 910 mm, feed length Z-axis: 510 mm, spindle speed (max.): 18,000 rpm, type of input current: three-phase, overall weight: 13,000 kg, input voltage: 415 V, input current: 55 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, Mazak Variaxis i-600 – 5-Axis CNC Machining Center (2015, Demo Machine) Crsdpfx Afoy A Na Ee Ajd Manufacturer: Mazak Model: Variaxis i-600 Year: 2015 Control: Siemens Sinumerik 840D Condition: Very good – used only for software demonstrations (no serial production) Working Hours: Spindle: 2,466 h Cycle: 2,587 h Technical Data: 5-axis simultaneous machining Spindle speed: 18,000 rpm Tool magazine: 40 positions, SK40 (DIN 69871) Rapid traverse: up to 42 m/min Tilting rotary table (A/C axes) Equipment: Robotic-ready table 4 × Schunk pneumatic zero-point clamping system Renishaw RMP600 workpiece probing system Internal tool measurement system (tool setter) Original factory table included Highlights: Demo machine → low wear Excellent condition Ready for immediate use Ideal for automation / robotic integration Additional Information: Tool holders, vises, and fixture plates are not included in the price Available separately upon individual agreement Availability: By arrangement Inspection: Available on request

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2003, X 1740mm, Y 766mm, Z 660mm 10000 rpm Parts shown by hand not come. Crsdpfewyblzex Af Asd

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2000, Parts shown by hand not come. Tool cabinet and cutting tools not come. Only tool holders will come. Crjdpfx Afox Atyas Aed

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1990, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 93200, turning length: 500 mm, turning diameter: 270 mm, spindle bore: 70 mm, spindle speed (max.): 3,600 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 36 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 180 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, overall weight: 4,200 kg, Working length 500 mm Credjy Ibipepfx Af Aed Max. working diameter 270 mm Swing over bed 440 mm Spindle speeds 36 - 3600 rpm Spindle bore 70 mm Number of tools 8 pcs X-axis travel 180 mm Z-axis travel 510 mm Control MAZATROL T - 32

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, turning length: 200 mm, turning diameter: 349 mm, Used Mazak Multiplex 6300Y CNC lathe Max turning diameter approx. 350 mm Max turning length approx. 200 mm Gantry loader max 2 x 40 kilograms Crsdpfoyvgbxjx Af Aod 2 spindles, 3 axes per spindle + Y axis, C axis + M spindle Gantry loader, loading magazine, discharge conveyor

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 510 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 510 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 460 mm, controller model: Mazatrol Fusion 640M, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel X-axis: 510 mm Travel Y-axis: 510 mm Travel Z-axis: 460 mm Swivel range A-axis: +30° / -120° Rotation range C-axis: +/- 360° Feed rate range (X-/ Y-/ Z-axis): 1 - 50,000 mm/min Rapid traverse (X-/ Y-/ Z-axis): 50 m/min Indexing A and C: 0.001° Swivel time 90° A/C: 1.9 / 1.5 s Main spindle Max. spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Spindle drive power: 22/15 kW Tool holder: ISO 40 Spindle diameter: 80 mm Acceleration time to max. speed: 1.7 s Worktable Clamping surface: 500 x 400 mm Number of T-slots: 5 T-slot width: 18 mm T-slot spacing: 80 mm Distance from spindle to table: 190 - 650 mm Csdpfxoyxmq Ts Af Asrd Max. workpiece size: 500 x 500 x 405 mm Max. table load: 300 kg Tool changer Max. number of tool positions: 40 Max. tool diameter: 80 mm Max. tool diameter with adjacent spaces free: 125 mm Max. tool length: 300 mm Max. tool weight: 8 kg Tool change time: 4.5 s MACHINE DETAILS Control: Mazatrol Fusion 640M Total power requirement: 51 kVA Dimensions & Weight Space requirement: 3.4 x 3.7 x 2.8 m Machine weight: 7.5 t EQUIPMENT Hydraulic unit Coolant system Chip tray Tool measurement Documentation

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2021, spindle speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 450 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 200 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 960 mm, number of axes: 5, This 5-axis Mazak INTEGREX J-200 S was manufactured in 2021. It features a maximum machining diameter of 500 mm, X-axis travel of 450 mm, Y-axis travel of 200 mm, and Z-axis travel of 960 mm. The machine is equipped with a 36-tool magazine and a maximum spindle speed of 4,000 rpm. If you are looking to get high-quality mill-turn capabilities, consider the Mazak INTEGREX J-200 S machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Control: Smooth G • Distance between spindles: 1000 + 440 mm • Max machining diameter: 500 mm • Spindle attachment: A2-6 • Max bar capacity: 65 mm • Spindle bore: 76 mm • Tool magazine: 36 Capto Cedsyxc N Espfx Af Aord Additional equipment • Chip conveyor: Mayfran belt type

Condition: excellent (used), MAZAK INTEGREX 400-3S is a CNC Turning-Milling-Drilling Center designed for precision, high accuracy and reliability. Capacities: distance between centres 1500 mm, swing 760 mm, max turning length 1524 mm, bar passage 102/77 mm, tool magazine 40 stations (Ø max 90 mm, L 400 mm). Main specs: main spindle A2-8 stepless 35–3300 t/min 30 kW 1200 Nm; back spindle A2-8 35–4000 t/min 26/22 kW 500 Nm; milling spindle CAPTO C6 15–12000 t/min 18.5 kW 120 Nm. Travels X630 Y±115 Z1585 mm; feeds 0–8000 mm/min; rapid X/Z 38 m/min Y26 m/min; weight ~13300 kg; footprint 5110x2196 mm; height 2798 mm. Equipment: coolant 444 l (15 bar through milling spindle), Forkhardt 3-jaw chucks Ø400/315 mm, linear scale for X, RS232, PCMCIA, spindle sync, chip conveyor, synchronized tapping, foot pedal. Enables tight tolerances; typical applications: automotive, aerospace, medical, machine tools, watchmaking. Cjdoyxn H Njpfx Af Ajrd

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, Mazak QTN 200 lathe, year of manufacture 2005 Codpoxgpqpsfx Af Ajrd Mazatrol 640T 210 mm Kitagawa BB 208 chuck Spindle bore 65 mm Turning length 500 mm Turning diameter 380 mm Tailstock Tool probe

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, Mazak SQT30M CNC Lathe, year 1998, Japan C-axis, driven tools Mazatrol T plus Turning length: 1000mm 12-inch chuck Spindle bore: 98mm Codsxutcfjpfx Af Asrd VDI50 turret Tailstock Probe Chip conveyor

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 1,476 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 174275, travel distance X-axis: 1,050 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 510 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, controller model: Mazatrol 640M, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, Due to spindle replacement – machine has only 1,476 spindle hours TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel X-axis: 1,050 mm Travel Y-axis: 510 mm Travel Z-axis: 510 mm Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Number of tool changer positions: 30 Table size: 1,700 x 750 mm MACHINE DETAILS Spindle motor power: 18.5 kW Control: Mazatrol 640M Codpfsy Am Ndsx Af Asrd Weight: 7,100 kg Operating hours Counter 1: 43,723 h Counter 2: 1,476 h EQUIPMENT Chip conveyor

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, Main Drive Number of axis 5 This 5-axis Mazak INTEGREX I-150 turn-mill centre was manufactured in 2012. Consider the opportunity to buy this Mazak INTEGREX I-150 turn-mill centre. Contact us for more information. Application Types Credjx D I Rpjpfx Af Aod Turning

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2023, x-travel 3000 mm y-travel 820 mm z-travel 720 mm Control Mazatrol Smooth G spindle taper SK 40 spindle turning speed range 35 - 12.000 U/min spindle motor 15 kW distance spindle centre table top edge 140 - 860 mm table load 2500 Kg rapid travel x/y/z 50 m/min table width 3500 mm table length 820 mm table height over floor 870 mm T-slots 7 T-slot - width 18 mm T-slot - distance 100 mm tool change unit 48 tool changing time 4,7 sec wotkpiece diameter with 2 vacant positions 130 mm workpiece diameter at full load 80 mm max. tool weight 8 kg tool length - max. 350 mm air pressure - required 5 - 9 bar Air volume 260 l/min electrics - voltage/frequency 400 / 50 V/Hz coolant tank 500 l total power requirement 46,7 kW weight of the machine ca. 15,4 t dimensions of the machine ca. 5,3 x 3,6 x 3,3 m Standard machine including the following optional extras: - Provision for dual oil mist extraction - Air cooling via the rotating milling spindle - 48-tool magazine - Pulse handwheel - 3-colour LED signal light - Additional work area lighting - Air blow-off device on the milling spindle - High-pressure coolant supply through the spindle (15 bar) - Provision for MAZAK Monitoring - Chip conveyor with left-hand ejection (Crowther) - Manual grease gun - Grease cartridge - Mazak API - Drilling cycle with automatic chip breaking - Synchronous thread cutting - Rapid traverse with constant angle of inclination STANDARD ACCESSORIES Adaptation for the European market USB port (1 port) Mazak standard colour Work area lighting SAFETY FEATURES Operator door with interlock switch Work area cladding The splash guard enclosure encloses the work area from the side. Fully enclosed work area Protection against chips, coolant and access to the work area during automatic machining. Safety precautions in accordance with global standards COOLANT SUPPLY Coolant supply via spindle (pump pressure = 5 bar) Complete coolant system includes pumps, valves, pipework and nozzles for the efficient production of high-quality components. FACTORY AUTOMATION Automatic start/stop and warm-up function Automatic activation of a warm-up via digital timer MEASURING SYSTEM Tool length measurement and tool breakage detection NUMERICAL CONTROL Horizontally adjustable NC control panel Relocation Detector Mazatrol SmoothG control 19" colour LCD screen (touch screen) Mazak Tornado tapping/drilling cycle (Mazatrol) EIA/ISO input function Tool path verification in the background 3D coordinate conversion Shape compensation for rotating axes Mazacc-2D software (contour correction) Mazacc-3D software package MAZACC-3D high-speed software package (NO456) is additionally required. Control system with high smoothing Interface for LAN SD memory card interface Smooth Standard Software for M/C - NO443 B) MAZACC-2D software (workpiece shape compensation) - NO444 D) MAZACC-3D high-speed software package - NO445 B) Shape compensation for rotating axes - NO497 D) High-precision control for finishing - Seamless corner point control Credpfx Afjyvvlus Asd - Variable acceleration control - Ultra-high-speed machining mode - NO498 Rapid traverse paths, rounding function Absolute positioning system - All dimensions, weights and performance specifications are subject to change - - Used machine without warranty - - Subject to prior sale -

Condition: good (used), Description: The machine is in good technical condition, with the possibility of testing by prior arrangement. Maximum turning diameter: 660 mm Maximum swung diameter: 660 mm Main spindle: - Speed range: 35–5,000 rpm - Main drive power: 22/15 kW - Maximum torque: 349 Nm - Spindle bore: 76 mm - Chuck diameter: 210 mm - Indexing (C axis): 0.0001° Sub spindle: - Speed range: 35–5,000 rpm - Power (10 min/continuous): 18.5/15 kW - Maximum torque: 326 Nm - Chuck diameter: 210 mm - Indexing (C axis): 0.0001° Coolant tank capacity: 300 l Machine power supply: 66 kVA Operating voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz Air pressure: 5 bar, 500 l/min Control system: MAZATROL Fusion 640 MT Flush cooling: - Pump capacity: 20 l/min - Pump pressure: 5 bar Accessories: - Technical documentation Codpfxoy Amqzo Af Aerd - Chip conveyor with coolant - Tool magazine for 20 tools - B axis (positioned at 0.001° increments) - C and Y axes - Sub spindle angular position indexing - Synchronization of main and sub spindle - Tool presetting system (Tool Eye) - Front door locking - 20-position tool magazine - Complete cooling system - Interface for IC memory card

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2000, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 880 mm, nominal power (apparent): 61 kVA, controller manufacturer: Mazatrol, controller model: 640M, workpiece height (max.): 1,000 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 900 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 1,000 kg, total height: 3,200 mm, total length: 6,100 mm, total width: 3,500 mm, table width: 500 mm, table length: 500 mm, overall weight: 18,000 kg, spindle speed (min.): 35 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 7,000 rpm, spindle motor power: 26,000 W, Equipment: chip conveyor, Dear Sir or Madam, we are offering you a used CNC horizontal machining center "MAZAK" in good condition. Codoxf T Txopfx Af Ajrd Please refer to the attached file for details.

Year of construction: 1996, condition: good (used), Used CNC machining center, MAZAK, equipped with: - MAZATROL M32B control system - 24-tool magazine - Chip conveyor - Lighting - Clamping system (two machine vises and hydraulic unit) - Documentation Travel ranges X/Y/Z: 1120/510/510 Spindle speed: 40-7000 RPM Spindle taper: BT 40 Crsdpfx Ajhl Dbdof Asd Further technical details can be found in the PDF document. Total machining time: 7,800 hours Technical data and dimensions: Subject to change.