Used Horizontal Boring Machine for sale (66,014)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, x-travel 560 mm y-travel 510 mm z-travel 510 mm control Fanuc MSD 501 (Fanuc 16i) spindle speeds 10000 U/min spindle drive 22 kW rapid travel x/y/z 32 mm/min Number of tool station 40 SK40 Gsdpoyq Sllofx Ad Ujip Pallet dimension 2 x 400x400 mm table load 0,5 t table index 1 ° total power requirement 56 kVA weight of the machine ca. 8,7 t dimensions of the machine ca. 2,9x4,1x3 m Control Fanuc MSD 501, 40 tool stations, it has trough spindle coolant, chip conveyor and two paletts.

Condition: new, pressure 20.0 t stroke 185 mm flat steel 200 x 12 mm working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 10.0 mm/min work height max. 930 mm table: 480 x 1060 mm total power requirement 2.2 kW motor 400 Volt 50 Hz oil volume 12.0 ltr. weight 530 kg range L-W-H 1150 x 480 x 1400 mm Furnishing : - electro-hydraulic horizontal bending machine - large, robust machine table made of hardened steel - Machine made of hardened and ground forged steel - Digital display for stroke setting * Programming of 1x bend end point & 1x retract point possible Gijdpfxsxabtve Ad Uep - 1x tool set (1x bending punch / 1x 1V die) - infinitely variable adjustment of the bending speed and pressing force - 1x manual material stop - Free-moving dual footswitch - Machine can be moved with a pallet truck/stacker - Operation manual

Condition: new, pressure 80.0 t stroke 285 mm flat steel 300 x 25 mm working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 10.0 mm/min work height max. 930 mm table: 750 x 1425 mm total power requirement 10.0 kW motor 400 Volt 50 Hz oil volume 120 l Gedsxabhaepfx Ad Usip weight 1700 kg range L-W-H 1500 x 750 x 1800 mm Furnishing : - electro-hydraulic horizontal bending machine - large, robust machine table made of hardened steel - Machine made of hardened and ground forged steel - Digital display for stroke setting * * Programming of 1x bend end point & 1x retract point possible - 1x tool set (1x bending punch / 1x 1V die) - infinitely variable adjustment of the bending speed and pressing force - 1x manual material stop - Free-moving dual footswitch - Machine can be moved with a pallet truck/stacker - Operation manual

Condition: new, pressure 40.0 t stroke 285 mm flat steel 250 x 24 mm working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 10.0 mm/min work height max. 930 mm table: 660 x 1250 mm total power requirement 4.0 kW motor 400 Volt 50 Hz oil volume 40.0 l weight 800 kg range L-W-H 1450 x 800 x 1300 mm Furnishing : - electro-hydraulic horizontal bending machine - large, robust machine table made of hardened steel - Machine made of hardened and ground forged steel - Digital display for stroke setting * * Programming of 1x bend end point & 1x retract point possible - 1x tool set (1x bending punch / 1x 1V die) - infinitely variable adjustment of the bending speed and pressing force - 1x manual material stop - Free-moving dual footswitch - Machine can be moved with a pallet truck/stacker - Operation manual Godpfx Adoxabhmj Ueip

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1986, Used machine Year of manufacture: 1986 Features and technical specifications: - With line drilling head with 7 spindles and locating pins - Spindle pitch: 32 mm - With drilling head for BLUM hinges Godpfx Aoyncppod Uoip - With drilling head for Hettich hinges - With the respective pressing dies - Motor: 400 V, 0.75 kW, 2800 rpm - With stop bars Availability: short notice Storage location: 63934 Röllbach

Condition: new, The 9D717 balancing machine is a versatile and reliable tool for balancing a wide range of rotors from 15 to 1500 kg. This machine is capable of balancing different types of rotors, including inboard and outboard cantilever rotors, rotors on special mandrels and rotors in their own bearings. The machine's design is simple yet functional, allowing it to easily balance armatures, generator rotors, impellers and fan wheels, even with large initial imbalances. In addition, the machine can balance rotors in their own bearings, saving repair time and preventing damage to the rotor trunnions. It is suitable for determining and eliminating unbalance on rotors of electric motors, metallurgical gears, screws and printing equipment. The 9D717 balancing machine is also capable of balancing disc-type parts such as impellers and smoke pump impellers, as well as correcting unbalance on shaft-type parts such as threshing drums and combine rotors. Overall, this machine is highly versatile and effective in balancing various types of rotors, making it ideal for repair and production shops. HIGHLIGHTS • The specially designed rollers use advanced patented “Exact Barrel” grinding technology and are mounted on precision bearings. • The monolithic design of the supports and base eliminates vibration losses during balancing by reducing the number of "oscillating system" elements. • Allows large initial unbalances to be measured without destroying the machine, and rotor unbalance to be corrected directly on the machine. • The low natural resonance frequency of the supports allows the rotor to be balanced at low speeds. • The width of the support rollers and roller block allows the installation of rotors with very short rotor bearing journals. The modular design allows rotors with unusual configurations to be mounted using spacers or tools. • The height of the roller block is adjustable, allowing rotors with different journal diameters to be balanced. • The belt drive has a patented "Long stroke" design that allows any rotor to be rotated using only two drive belts. • The frequency converter drive provides smooth acceleration and deceleration of the electric motor and infinitely variable speed control of the rotor. MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL • We make balancing easier - the main advantage of our balancing systems. • The balancing process is displayed in real time and the unbalance behaviour of the rotor is monitored on the screen to achieve the best possible result. • The maximum sensitivity of the machine at any moment of operation, the set-up and calibration of the machine is carried out by the operator himself. • Free from the influence of external vibration factors on the measurement result, it has a high degree of protection against various types of interference. • Easy to learn working skills and maintenance for any employee. SPECIFICATIONS Weight range of balanced rotors 15 - 1500 kg Maximum rotor diameter (above the bedding) 1800 mm Gsdpjpdpn Uefx Ad Uoip Distance between centres of rotor supports 360 – 3000 mm Support type Rollers Transmission element for rotor rotation Belt / Cardan Minimum achievable residual specific unbalance 0.4 g*mm/kg Rotor speed range 300 – 1500 rpm Electric motor power 7.5 kW Parameters of the supply network 380V, 3 Ph, 50Hz Do you need a machine for a different load capacity, diameter or length? We manufacture balancing machines for every needs. Please contact us to get the best offer! 👇

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2017, 4 axes Giedoyn Drxjpfx Ad Ujp Travel: X = 730 mm, Y = 730 mm, Z = 880 mm Tool holder: HSK-A63 Pallet changer / shuttle table Number of tool stations: 40

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1987, Control: Siemens 8-M Godpfx Adeyrb I Eo Usip X-axis travel: 10,500 mm Y-axis travel: 5,000 mm Z-axis travel: 1,250 mm W-axis travel: 1,250 mm Spindle diameter: 225 mm Spindle taper: SK 60 with adapter for SK 50 Spindle power: 100 kW Spindle speed: up to 750 rpm Spindle speed multiplier 1:4 = 3,000 rpm Spindle torque: 18,000 Nm Ram cross-section: 460 x 550 mm Feed rate: 4 m/min Rapid traverse X/Y: 5,800 mm/min Rapid traverse Z/W: 4,800 mm/min The machine is supplied without clamping plate and without table.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2015, FOR SALE: 4-Axis Palletized Horizontal Machining Center – MCM TANK 1300 MP4 Description: Offering a CNC horizontal machining center from the Italian manufacturer MCM S.p.A., model TANK 1300. This is a high-performance, extremely rigid, and precise machine designed for intensive machining of complex components, ideally suited for the aerospace, energy, and general engineering sectors. Technical Specifications (Manufacturer Source): Brand: MCM S.p.A. (Vigolzone, Italy) Model: TANK 1300 (Type MP4) Year of Manufacture: 2015 Axes: 4 axes (X, Y, Z + continuous rotary B-axis on table) Compliance: CE marked Working Capacities: Travel (X / Y / Z): 1,300 mm x 1,300 mm x 1,300 mm (Generous machining envelope) Pallet Dimensions: 800 x 800 mm or 1,000 x 1,000 mm Pallet System: MP4 configuration (4-position multi-pallet) for increased production autonomy Spindle Speed: Up to 10,000 rpm (depending on motorization, with high-speed options available) Giodpfxoyr Hdfo Ad Usp Spindle Taper: HSK-A100 or ISO 50 (high rigidity) Tool Magazine: Large capacity (standard 80 to 199 tools, expandable) Key Features: "T"-Shape Design: Ensures constant thermal and geometric stability for micron-level accuracy Productivity: Pallet system allows for loading/unloading parts in masked time, ensuring maximum machine utilization Condition: 2015 machine, maintained in a modern industrial environment.

Condition: excellent (used), IM Very good condition. Godpfx Aoytc Naed Ueip

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, total height: 2,700 mm, total length: 7,700 mm, total width: 2,420 mm, CNC machining centre SCM Morbidelli M-600 5-axis machine Year of construction 2012 Machine no. AA2/002032 Working distance X-axis 5020 mm Working distance Y-axis 1680 mm Working distance Z-axis 250 mm Tool positions 36 Vertical drilling spindles 24  Software SCM XILOG MAESTRO SCM PRISMA K SCM TTS system Milling spindle liquid-cooled Gsdpfx Aewnhccjd Uoip SCM TecPad MORBIDELLI TV Matic SCM PRO-SPACE SCM RAPID 12 SCM RAPID 24 Including vacuum pump Capacity 250 m3/h Disassembled for transport Weight 7450kg - Year: 2012 - Documentation available: No - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: AA2/002032 - Drilling unit present: Yes - └ Vertical drilling spindles [pcs.]: 24 - Tool changer positions [pcs.]: 36 - System/software: SCM Maestro - Vacuum pump present: Yes - └ Capacity [m³/h]: 250 - Working range X [mm]: 5020 - Working range Y [mm]: 1680 - Z-axis working range [mm]: 250 - Transport dimensions: 7700mm x 2420mm x 2700mm (l x w x h) Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Glenn Smeets

Condition: used, Morbidelli line boring machine, price Ex Works. Gsdoxp Hxcjpfx Ad Uoip

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, Ref. -No.: 10621 Manufacturer: PAMA Type: Speedmat 3/TR16 Year of construction: 2008 Type of control: CNC Control: SIEMENS SINUMERIK 840 D PL Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Italy X-Travel: 3500 mm Y-Travel: 2500 mm Z-Travel: 2200 mm W-Axis: 800 mm Bore Spindle Diameter: 160 mm Table Load: 12000 kg Table surface: 1600 x 2000 mm Tool Taper: ISO 50 BIG PLUS Turning Speeds: 3500 RPM Max. Torque: 2.765 Nm Rapid Travel X/Y/Z: 25000 mm / min Drive Capacity - Spindle Motor: 46 kW Internal cooling: 15 / 45 bar External cooling: 50 / 4 bar Spindle speed gear stage 1: 2.120 1 / min Spindle speed gear stage 2: 2.765 1 / min Further information: Automatic tool changer SK50 DIN 69871, 80 positions. Gsdpfx Adjym Nfuj Ujip Automatic angle milling head TS 35 with 360 positions, speed 2,000 rpm and torque 2,000 Nm. Automatic universal milling head TU25C (2-axis), speed 3,000 rpm and torque 800 Nm. Automatic accessory changer, 2+1 units. Touch probe (Renishaw). The machine can be inspected under power.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2004, Ref. -No.: 10604 Manufacturer: UNION Type: TC 110 Year of construction: 2004 Type of control: CNC Control: SINUMERIK 840 D Powerline Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Germany X-Travel: 2000 mm Y-Travel: 1250 mm Z-Travel: 1000 mm W-Axis: 550 mm Table Height: 1050 mm Spindle Diameter: 110 mm Number of T-slots: 10 Max. Workpiece Weight: 6000 kg Clamping Area: 1250 mm T - groove width: 22 mm T - slot spacing: 125 mm Tool Taper: ISO 50 Max. Torque: 1639 Nm Feed Speeds X/Y/Z Axis: 6000 mm / min Rapid Traverse X-Axis: 15000 m / min Rapid Travel Y-Axis: 15000 m / min Rapid Traverse Z-Axis: 15000 m / min Giedsym Ndwspfx Ad Usp Feed Capacities X/Y/Z: 16000 x 16000 x 20000 N swivel angle: 360 ° Further information: Includes angle head 0,001° The machine can be viewed under power.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1981, Ref. -No.: 10447 Manufacturer: SKODA Type: WD 200 Year of construction: 1981 Retrofit: 2010 Type of control: CNC Control: SIEMENS SINUMERIK 840D Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Germany X-Travel: 9000 mm Y-Travel: 4000 mm Z-Travel: 1450 mm Godpfx Adeym Nbps Ujip W-Axis: 2000 mm Bed width: 2000 mm Bed height: 550 mm Spindle Diameter: 200 mm Quill Stroke: 1600 mm Rotary Table (Lxw): 4000 x 4000 mm Table Load: 80000 kg Clamping Area: 3000 x 3000 mm Turning Speeds: 257 - 2570 RPM Spindle taper: 120 Automatic feeds: 342 mm / rev Spindle Turning Speed - Stepless: 1,5 - 630 RPM Max. Torque On The Boring Spindle: 20000 Nm Rapid Traverse: 16000 m / min Drive Capacity - Spindle Motor: 9,8 - 35,5 kW Total Power Requirement: 75 kW Bore Depth: 2000 mm Vertical headstock movement on the column: 3150 mm transverse movement of the stand on the bed: 4000 mm Lowest position of the spindle axis above the bed: 1100 mm Spindle speed when moving the quill forward: 1,6 - 300 max. rpm Drill feeds (spindle, quill) continuously variable in the range: 1,6 - 1600 mm / min Milling feeds (headstock vertical, column horizontal) infinitely variable: 1,6 - 1600 mm / min Machine length: 11350 mm Machine width: 5450 mm Machine Height: 7350 mm Weight Of The Machine Ca.: 65 t Further information: Threading: 22 metric threads, pitch range 0.5 - 12mm 32 Whitworth threads, pitch range 28 - 1 (gears) Accessories: - console for tools - 1 set of operating tools - ejector and fastening wedges for spindle - lubricating press - 1 set of spare parts for electrical equipment - clamping base plate - setting stick with electrical equipment Machine can be inspected under power by appointment.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2007, Ref. -No.: 10357 Manufacturer: STARRAG HECKERT Type: HEC 630 Athletic Year of construction: 2007 Type of control: CNC Steuerung Control: Sinumerik 840D Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Schweiz X-Travel: 1200 mm Y-Travel: 950 mm Z-Travel: 1200 mm Work spindle drive power (25% ED): 67 kW Work spindle torque (25% ED): 1508 Nm Tool Taper: HSK-A100 Workpiece interference circle diameter: 1250 mm Tool Piece Magazine With: 80 Pcs./pcs. Tool changer: Werkzeugkettenmagazin Max. Workpiece height: 1200 mm Feed Speeds X/Y/Z Axis: 60000 mm / min Feed Capacities X/Y/Z: 22/18/22 N Speed range - main spindle: 20 - 6000 RPM Numbers Of Pallets: 2 Max pallet load: 1500 kg Gsdpfx Asym Nafod Uoip Size Of Pallet: 800 x 630 mm pallet change time: 14 s Pallet clamping area (lxw): 800 x 630 mm Weight Of The Machine Ca.: 25 t

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, Ref. -No.: 10335 Manufacturer: HüLLER HILLE Type: NBH 170 Year of construction: 2008 Type of control: CNC Control: Sinumerik 840D pl Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Germany X-Travel: 1000 mm Y-Travel: 800 mm Z-Travel: 800 mm B-Axis: 360 ° Distance spindle center - table: 150 mm Table Dimensions (Lengthxwidth): 500 x 630 mm Table Load: 800 kg Max. Workpiece Weight: 40 kg Max. Tool Length: 650 mm Max. Tool Diameter: 325 mm Workpiece Diameter At Full Load: 100 mm Tool Taper: HSK - 100 Giedpfxsym I U Uo Ad Uep Spindle Speed: RPM Rapid Traverse: 60 m / min Machine length: 9500 mm Machine width: 4500 mm Machine Height: 3500 mm Further information: Coolant system = 1250 l

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, operating hours: 39,000 h, functionality: fully functional, drilling depth: 1,800 mm, drill diameter: 30 mm, Manufacturer: SFT Model: TBM 3-1500 Machine type: Deep hole drilling machine with BTA system Drilling diameter: 15 – 30 mm Drilling depth: 1800 mm Chip conveyor: included Control: SFT / PS 100 incl. control cabinet Frequency inverter: included Oil sump: included Coolant tank: 2,500 liters oil Coolant pumps: 3 units, each adjustable to 40 liters, 100 bar Signal beacon: included Tailstock: rotating and adjustable according to drilling length Clamping: hydraulic clamping operation Drill spindle: speed regulation available Gedpfjynui Isx Ad Usip Paintwork: light grey / blue Loading station: automatic door Machine footprint: 7,000 x 1,200 mm Filter footprint: 3,000 x 800 x 1,250 mm Commissioned: late 2007 Recurring maintenance according to manufacturer’s specifications Available: end of March 2026 Operation: 2/3-shift operation

Condition: excellent (used), feed length X-axis: 700 mm, feed length Y-axis: 350 mm, feed length Z-axis: 475 mm, travel distance X-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 475 mm, spindle speed (max.): 1,500 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 25 rpm, quill stroke: 100 mm, table length: 1,510 mm, table width: 350 mm, Cincinnati 2MK Horizontal Mill with Universal Vertical Head Model: 2MK Table Atea: 1510 x 350mm (60” x 14”) Longitudinal Travel: 700mm Cross Travel: 350mm Vertical Travel: 475mm Giodpfx Aeygk Drjd Ujp Spindle Taper: 50 INT Spindle Speeds: 25 – 1500 RPM Machine with: Horizontal Arbor & Arbor Support Angular Double Swivel Head

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 760 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 760 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 800 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 63 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 63 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 63 m/min, nominal power (apparent): 48 kVA, controller manufacturer: Fanuc, controller model: F31i-B Plus, workpiece height (max.): 1,150 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 800 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 700 kg, table width: 500 mm, table length: 500 mm, table load: 700 kg, spindle speed (min.): 100 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 15,000 rpm, coolant supply: 70 bar, spindle nose: BT40, number of slots in tool magazine: 60, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: chip conveyor, Machine Technical Specifications: Travels: X: 760mm Y: 760 mm Z: 800 mm Table: 500x500mm Load capacity: 700kg Workpiece dimensions: Ø 800 x 1150mm (depending on workpiece shape) Taper: BT40 (dual contact) Spindle power: 37/26/18.5 kW Maximum speed: 15,000 rpm Controller: FANUC 31i 5Plus Tool magazine slots: 60 Max. tool length: 550mm Max. tool diameter: 95mm (170mm with no tools in adjoining pockets) Giodpfxoytfnxj Ad Ujp Max. tool weight: 12kg Machine dimensions: 4605 x 2750 x 3605 mm (L x W x H) Weight: 10,500kg Additional equipment: CTS (Coolant Through-Spindle) preparation High-pressure unit (70 bar) Tool breakage detection in magazine (contact type) Lift-up chip conveyor – scraper type with drum filter & floor magnet (Type E) Soft AC Coolant shower gun (medium pressure)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1997, - USED - 4-AXIS HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTRE WITH PALLET CHANGER X-AXIS TRAVEL: 1500 mm Y-AXIS TRAVEL: 1200 mm Z-AXIS TRAVEL: 1250 mm SPINDLE: 10-4000 rpm; 40 kW; HSK-A 100 PALLET: CONTINUOUS ; 1000X1000 mm; 1-500 rpm MAX ADMITTED LOAD: 2000 Kg Godpfxsh Hfrne Ad Usip TOOL MAGAZINE: CHAIN-TYPE ; 161 POS CONTROL UNIT: SIEMENS 840 C OVERALL DIMENSIONS: 8500 x 4800 x 4800 mm ACCESSORIES: SWARF CONVEYOR ; PAPER FILTER NOTE: COMPLETELY OVERHAULED MACHINE; HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL AUTOMATIC HEAD; TURNING TABLE

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, number of spindles: 35 pneumatic head inclination Gedpfx Adsw U Aiie Ueip

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2021, controller manufacturer: Sonstige, controller model: Professional 6, _____ Description: Year of manuf. : 2021 Control : Sonstige Professional 6 Speed : 14000 rpm Movement X/Y/Z : 730/650/800 mm Tool holder : HSK-A63 Spindle: Speed:14.000 U/min Torque (max.):303 Nm Taper:HSK-A63 NC-Roundtable: B-Axis:0,0001° Palletsize:500 x 500 mm Tableloading (max.):500 kg Workpiecedimensions (max.):ø800 x 1.000 mm In general: Toolmagazine:60 Stations Rapid travers in X/Y/Z:60 m/min Ausstattung/Zubehör: Positionsensor:Direct Scales in X/Y/Z Chipmanagement:Chip conveyor Coolingmanagement:Internal cooling unit with paperbeltfitler and High-pressure, 70 bar Automation:Palletchanger, 2 Stations Workpiececlamping:Hydraulic, 6+3 Giedpfx Aeymhx Hjd Uop Contactcontrol:Penumatic Oilmistseparation:Mechanical extraction, SARA UC1 SD III Setup operations:Electronic Handwheel Further Equipment:Trafo

Condition: not inspected (used), Year of construction: 2011, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 35114, travel distance X-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 300 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, spindle speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, controller model: HEIDENHAIN TNC 124, No minimum price - guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! Bidding obligates the buyer to collect the item within the specified timeframe: either between 11.05.2026 and 13.05.2026 or between 18.05.2026 and 21.05.2026. TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel X-axis: 600 mm Travel Y-axis: 300 mm Gisdpfsym Nuvsx Ad Usp Travel Z-axis: 600 mm Travel W-axis: 650 mm Spindle speed: 0 – 4,000 rpm Table dimensions: 1,000 x 680 mm Drilling diameter, twist drill: max. 16 mm Single-lip drill: 4 – 16 mm Thread cutting: max. M12 MACHINE DETAILS Control: HEIDENHAIN TNC 124 Operating voltage: 400 V Frequency: 50 Hz Rated current: 14.2 A Connected load: 0.8 kVA Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 3,500 x 1,500 x 2,100 mm Weight: 2,000 kg EQUIPMENT With 4 T-slots Including various tool holders External reference: Laubender

Year of construction: 2005, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Machine weight 4600 kg Measurements height 1900 mm Measurements depth 1980 mm Control Unit Gjdpfx Adox Hbl Is Usip Brand FANUC Model 21i-TB Dimensions Machine Length 4230 mm This Biglia B550B was manufactured in 2005. A robust horizontal turning machine featuring a 2-Axis CNC Lathe, it handles a bar diameter of 65 mm and a maximum machining diameter of 296 mm. It includes a 12-position automatic turret and a CNC automatic tailstock, enhancing its operational efficiency. Ideal for precision machining with a spindle speed of up to 4000 rpm. Contact us for more information about this machine. Application Types Turning