Used Mazak Vtc 20 C for sale (302)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 230 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 575 mm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, total height: 1,840 mm, total width: 1,780 mm, overall weight: 5,000 kg, controller manufacturer: MAZATROL, controller model: 640T Nexus, product length (max.): 2,353 mm, number of axes: 4, This 4-axis Mazak QTN-200M was manufactured in 2004. It features a maximum turning diameter of 380 mm and a maximum swing diameter of 675 mm. The machine is equipped with a powerful main spindle that reaches speeds of up to 5,000 rpm and a robust tool turret with 12 positions. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Mazak QTN-200M machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. - Work Area:- Max. Swing Diameter: 675 mm- Max. Swing Diameter over Cross Slide: 276 mm- Max. Turning Diameter: 380 mm- Max. Bar Work Capacity: 65 mm- Main Spindle:- Main Drive Power (30 min rating / 100% continuous): 26 kW / 22 kW (Integrated Spindle Motor)- Max. Torque: 350 Nm- Spindle Nose: A2-6"- Spindle Bore: 76 mm- Chuck Diameter: 210 mm- Second Spindle (Sub-spindle):- Drive Power (30 min rating / 100% continuous): 10 kW / 7.5 kW- Max. Torque: 75 Nm- Speed Range: 35 - 6,000 rpm- Indexing: 0.001°- Chuck Diameter: 169 mm- Tool Turret:- Tool Positions: 12- Tool Mounting Type: VDI-like- Turning Tool Shank Height: 25x25x150 mm- U-Drill Diameter: 20 mm- Boring Bar Shank Diameter: 40 mm- Indexing Time: Approx. 0.2 s (1 step)- Driven Tools (Live Tooling):- Drive Power (10 min rating): 5.5 kW- Speed Range: 25 - 4,500 rpm- Max. Torque: 35 Nm- Travel Ranges & Speeds:- X-Axis Travel: 230 mm- Z-Axis Travel: 575 mm- Rapid Traverse Rate X-Axis: 30 m/min- Rapid Traverse Rate Z-Axis: 33 m/min- Tool Setting / Monitoring:- Automatic Tool Breakage Recognition- Automatic Tool Wear Compensation Adjustment Range: 9,999 mm- Tool Presetter: Tool Eye- Coolant & Pneumatics:- Coolant Tank Capacity: 160 l- Pneumatic Pressure: 5 bar, 100 l/min- Machine Dimensions & Weight:- Connected Load: 46.2 kVA- Operating Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz- Required Floor Space: 1.740 x 1.780 mm (Base layout space)- Transport Dimensions (QTN 200 M - U 500): 2,353 mm (L) x 1,780 mm (B) x 1,840 mm (H)- Machine Weight: Approx. 4,900 kg - 5,100 kgincluded: LNS QUICK LOAD SERVO 3 (2004)- Type: Automatic Short Bar Loader- Bar Diameter Range: 6 mm to 120 mm- Bar Length Range: 100 mm to 1600 mm Technical Specification Counter Spindle Yes Ndedozqz D Njpfx Aiyja Driven Tools Yes

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1991, spindle bore: 51 mm, bar passage: 51 mm, Mazak SQT-15MS CNC gantry Specifications * Manufacturer: Mazak * Model: SQT-15MS * Year: 1991 * Control: Mazatrol T-32 * 12-position turret * Live tooling * Sub spindle * Machine weight: approx. 5,500 kg Condition Njdpfjy Snhmex Aiyjda The machine has been used in production and is sold in working condition unless otherwise agreed. Inspection under power can be arranged upon request. Additional Information * Loading assistance can be arranged at additional cost. * More photos and videos available upon request.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2012, Max cutting diameter 584mm, 845mm swing, 165mm bar capacity, 2,000rpm spindle 24 station turret, 30kW motor power, Ndjdpfsyu N Tzjx Aiysa 3 jaw chuck, Mazatrol Matrix Nexus control, tool setter, tailstock, swarf conveyor, fixed steady

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 1,200 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, Mazak Quick Turn Nexus 350M CNC turning center with Mazatrol 640T Nexus CNC control Year of manufacture: 2004.11 Ndedpfjx Dccyex Aiyoa Turning length: 1,200 mm Max. swing diameter: 750 mm Standard machining diameter: 336 mm Max. machining diameter: 420 mm Bar capacity: 102 mm Maximum spindle speed: 4,000 rpm 12-position tool turret Kitagawa 12-inch hydraulic 3-jaw chuck Tailstock Machine weight: 7,500 kg Includes various turret-mounted tool holders, 4 driven tool holders, and additional accessories. Accessories: 4 driven tools Mazak tool holders Chip conveyor

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, Machine dimensions: 2.9m x 2.8m x 2.9m Machine weight: approx. 7 tons Year of manufacture: 2006 Travel ranges: X 1050 Y 530 Z 510 (150 above table) Spindle speed: max. 12,000 rpm Motor spindle: SK40 Measuring probe: Renishaw OMP 60 Measuring head: Mazak Internal cooling pressure: 25 bar External cooling Tool magazine: 30 positions Articulated belt conveyor Machine control: MAZATROL M640 • One machine each in left-hand and right-hand configuration (chip conveyor on the left or right) • Various tool holders can be purchased separately. • NO clamping devices (vices) included! • NO dust extraction system The stated price is for one machine only. Nedpfx Aey Tlu Tsiyeda

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2016, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, actuation type: electric, controller manufacturer: Mazak, laser type: fiber laser, laser source manufacturer: IPG, sheet thickness (max.): 20 mm, power: 4 kW (5.44 HP), total length: 4,000 mm, total width: 2,000 mm, year of last overhaul: 2023, Equipment: centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, Well-maintained Mazak Optiplex II Laser Cutting Machine Sheet capacity: 4x2 meters 4 kW – Mostly used for cutting steel and stainless steel up to 8 mm, occasionally 12-15 mm. Machine has been used for in-house production. Received 1 to 2 maintenance services per year, always properly carried out. After relocation, the machine became redundant and is currently unused due to the purchase of a second machine. Nsdeyrybqepfx Aiyjda Immediately available. Installation services can be provided if required.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 2,000 h, functionality: fully functional, For sale: Mazak EMC 3015 automatic sheet metal loading and unloading system, Extensible Manufacturing Cell. A new one costs approximately €130,000. Nsdjyh N Rdjpfx Aiysda The system is practically new. Used with a machine with 2,000 hours of operation, and only occasionally. Manufactured in 2016. High Column model, compatible with the following Mazak machines: Optiplex, Optiplex Nexus, SpaceGear, Optiplex NEO Maximum sheet dimensions: 3000x1500mm Maximum sheet weight: 900kg. Unloading station: max. 2000kg. Sheet metal loading queue management system.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2009, functionality: fully functional, MAZAK QUICK TURN NEXUS 250-II M 500U Max. machining diameter: 380 mm Max. machining length: 504 mm Max. milling speed: 4,500 rpm Max. spindle speed: 4,000 rpm Ndsdpfx Aijznnl Isyja Max. bar diameter: 74 mm Machine is equipped with: - CNC control: Mazatrol Matrix - KITAGAWA 3-jaw chuck, B-210, diameter 254 mm - Tool Eye - C-axis - NC tailstock - reinforced coolant pump - chip conveyor, discharge to the side - 8 pcs. fixed tool holders - 2 pcs. driven tool holders

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 172087, turning diameter: 660 mm, spindle bore: 76 mm, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, controller model: MAZATROL Fusion 640 MT, spindle torque (max.): 349 Nm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Maximum turning diameter: 660 mm Main spindle Ndodpfx Aozgufroiyea Speed range: 35–5,000 rpm Power (10 min / continuous operation): 22 / 15 kW Maximum torque: 349 Nm Spindle bore: 76 mm Chuck diameter: 210 mm C-axis indexing: 0.0001° Sub-spindle Speed range: 35–5,000 rpm Power (10 min / continuous operation): 18.5 / 15 kW Maximum torque: 326 Nm Chuck diameter: 210 mm C-axis indexing: 0.0001° Cooling Coolant tank volume: 300 l Pump capacity: 20 l/min Pump pressure: 5 bar Compressed air requirement: 5 bar, 500 l/min MACHINE DETAILS Control model: MAZATROL Fusion 640 MT Total power consumption: 66 kVA Operating voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz EQUIPMENT Technical documentation Chip conveyor with cooling system 20-position tool magazine B-axis (positioning in 0.001° increments) C-axis Y-axis Milling spindle Angular positioning of the sub-spindle Synchronization of main and sub-spindle Tool setting system (Tool Eye) Interlock for the front door Complete cooling system Interface for IC memory card

Year of construction: 2000, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 2105 mm Measurements depth 3485 mm Machine weight 7500 kg Control Unit Brand MAZATROL Main Drive Spindle speed range 3500–5000 Spindle bore 61 mm Number of axis 4 Movement X-Axis Movement 530 mm X-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min X-Axis Rapid Traverse 30 m/min Y-Axis Movement ±70 mm Y-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min Y-Axis Rapid Traverse 15 m/min Z-Axis Movement 1065 mm Z-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min Ndsdex D N Ipspfx Aiysa Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 33 m/min Tail Stock Pinol diameter 80 mm Pinol way 870 mm Pinol tool taper MK4 Tools Number of station 20 Max weight 7 kg Max tool diameter 90 mm Max tool length 250 mm This 4-axis Mazak INTEGREX 200 Y was manufactured in 2000. It features a maximum turning diameter of 540 mm, a swing diameter of 540 mm, and a bar diameter capacity of 51 mm. The machine supports a workpiece weight up to 150 kg and offers a spindle speed range up to 5,000 rpm. It includes a Mazak KM 63 quick change tool system with 20 slots. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Mazak INTEGREX 200 Y machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Application Types Turning

Condition: used, MAZAK QTN 200II MSY Year: 2007 Y-axis Counter-spindle Parts catcher Tool probe Max. diameter: 380 mm Max. length: 538 mm Max. bar capacity: 65 mm 12-position turret X-axis: 230 mm Y-axis: 100 (+/- 50) mm Z-axis: 575 mm W-axis: 585 mm Ndsdpfezvn Ifsx Aiysa Interface for bar feeder Hainbuch chuck on the main spindle Included with the machine: - Chip conveyor - Documentation - 11 collets, including 4 driven collets (2/2)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, Offered is a vertical CNC machining center. Travels X/Y/Z: 560mm/410mm/510mm, spindle holder: SK40, spindle speed: 12000rpm, table size: 900mm x 410mm, max. table load: 500kg, tool positions: 30, max. tool weight: 8kg, max. tool length: 350mm, rapid traverse X/Y/Z: 36m/min, spindle motor: 18.5kW, operating hours: 66174h, control system: Mazatrol 640M. Equipped with 30-position tool changer, flood cooling, 1 set of manuals, 1 set of adjustment tools, adaptive feed control function, documentation available. Weight: approx. 5000kg, overall dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 2600mm/2500mm/2850mm. Inspection possible by arrangement. Ndodpfxjy Ulmrs Aiysa

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 168121, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Max. turning Ø 130 mm X-Axis 300 mm Z-Axis 240 mm Spindle bore Nedpfowhrnijx Aiyoda 32 mm Speedrange 7000 rpm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, operating hours: 7,827 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 119713, turning diameter over cross slide: 160 mm, turning length: 244 mm, turning diameter: 160 mm, spindle bore: 45 mm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 1 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 155 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 290 mm, spindle motor power: 10,000 W, rapid traverse X-axis: 30 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 30 m/min, rotational speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, total height: 1,780 mm, total length: 2,000 mm, total width: 1,330 mm, quill travel distance: 150 mm, quill diameter: 55 mm, quill stroke: 150 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 25 kg, overall weight: 2,700 kg, bar passage: 40 mm, chuck outer diameter: 154 mm, bar diameter (max.): 45 mm, spindle diameter: 50 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, The Mazak Quick Turn 10 is a compact CNC lathe manufactured by the Japanese company Mazak. It has been specifically developed for the precise machining of small and medium-sized turned parts and is widely used in mechanical engineering, toolmaking, as well as in series production. The machine features a robust slant-bed design, a tool turret, and the dialog-based Mazatrol control system, which enables fast programming directly at the machine. This makes it suitable both for single parts and small series production. Control: Mazatrol T-Plus Standard chuck: Kitagawa N-06A0515 The quoted price does not include dismantling, packaging, or shipping. Sale ex location, subject to prior sale. The machines are sold in used condition; any warranty and guarantee are excluded. Ndedpfxoyt E Nve Aiyoa

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2004, Vertical machining center, Mazak VCN-510C, manufactured in 2004. Njdpfxjzcu D Us Aiyjda

Condition: used, Technical details: x-travel: 800 mm y-travel: 800 mm z-travel: 800 mm turning speeds: 35-10.000 1/min spindle: 37 / 30 kW max. torque on the spindle: 525 / 206 Nm Tool bore: BT 50 rapid traverse: 60 m/min tool change unit: 160 Pos. size of pallet: 500 X 500 mm control: MAZATROL 640M Nexus c-axis: 0,001° x 360.000 workpiece weight: 1.000 kg workpiece height max.: 1.000 mm interference area: 900 mm 2 pcs. horizontal machining centers (HCN 6000 + HCN 6000-II, 2008), interlinked with pallet pool (16 pallets) MAZAK FMS, Ndodpfowix E Rex Aiyoa 2 pallet changer, chipconveyor, coolant device with internal coolant supply, accessories for both machines: 18 pallets, approx. 300pcs. toolholders, miscellaneous devices for workpiece-clamping... *

Condition: used, Makatrol Smart Control Serial Number 254702 YOM 2014 EIA & Mazatrol Programming Full Factory 4th Axis 30 Tool Magazine CAT Tooling USB Ports Ndedpfozilpmox Aiysa No swarf conveyor or thru coolant UK Buyers - Price £39,000 +VAT Carriage/delivery is additional

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, Mazatrol Matrix CAM PC workstation with full-featured 5-axis license (incl. PCI card & PC) Description: A complete, ready-to-use PC workstation with the powerful Mazatrol Matrix CAM software is for sale. The license is perpetual and hardware-bound via a PCI card. The system was used on 5-axis machines (Integrex e-1060 V8/II) and includes rare high-end options. The PC has been recently reinstalled and is fully functional. Ideal for companies with an older Mazak machine park looking for an independent programming solution. Details on license & options: Nodpfx Aijx Sq Nmsyjda The following key options are unlocked and active (see photos): - 40 SIMULTANEOUS 5 AXIS (simultaneous 5-axis machining) - 49 TILTED WORKING PLANE - 55 TOOL CENTER POINT CONTROL Additional basic options such as EIA, Smoothing Control, Spiral, etc. (see photo of the options menu) Scope of delivery: - PC system: Windows 7 Pro x86 (32 Bit), Intel i5-3470 3.2 GHz, 4 GB RAM, AMD Radeon HD7570 GPU. - The fully functional computer with installed operating system (Windows 7 Pro_x86) and pre-installed software. - PCI license card: The physical license hardware installed in the PC. - Original packaging: The original packaging of the software as shown. Documentation: Manual, original CDs/media

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2010, The machine is powered and can be inspected. Max. machining diameter: 280 mm Max. machining length: 409 mm Bar capacity (main spindle): 52 mm Main spindle: Chuck size: 6 inches Max. speed: 6,000 rpm Motor power: 15 kW (40% duty cycle), 11 kW (continuous operation) Max. torque: 184 Nm Counter spindle: Chuck size: 5 inches Max. speed: 6,000 rpm Motor power: 11 kW (25% duty cycle), 7.5 kW (continuous operation) Max. torque: 90 Nm Tool turret: Number of stations: 12 Max. speed of driven tools: 5,000 rpm Motor power (milling spindle): 5.5 kW (40% duty cycle), 3.7 kW (Continuous operation) Max. torque (milling spindle): 47 Nm Travel ranges: X-axis: 187 mm Y-axis: 100 mm Z-axis: 510 mm W-axis (counter spindle): 460 mm Rapid traverse speeds: X/Z-axis: 33 m/min Y-axis: 21 m/min W-axis: 30 m/min CNC control: MAZATROL SmoothG Machine weight: approx. 3,600–4,720 kg (depending on model) Dimensions (L × W × H): approx. 2,400 × 1,800 × 2,000 mm Special features Multi-tasking capability: Turning, milling, Y-axis, and counter spindle enable complex machining operations in one Clamping. Nodpfewk Hwqex Aiysda Integrated motor spindles: Both the main and counter spindles feature integrated motors that minimize vibration and ensure high machining accuracy. Y-axis machining: Enables the machining of complex workpieces with high precision.

Condition: used, Technical details: x-travel: 800 mm y-travel: 800 mm z-travel: 800 mm turning speeds: 35-10.000 1/min spindle: 37 / 30 kW max. torque on the spindle: 525 / 206 Nm Tool bore: BT 50 rapid traverse: 60 m/min tool change unit: 160 Pos. size of pallet: 500 X 500 mm control: MAZATROL 640M Nexus c-axis: 0,001° x 360.000 workpiece weight: 1.000 kg workpiece height max.: 1.000 mm interference area: 900 mm 2 pcs. horizontal machining centers (HCN 6000-II + HCN 6000, 2005), interlinked with pallet pool (16 pallets) MAZAK FMS, 2 pallet changer, Nedpfxowix Hho Aiysda chipconveyor, coolant device with internal coolant supply, *

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2014, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,050 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 530 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 42 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 42 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 42 m/min, nominal power (apparent): 11 kVA, workpiece weight (max.): 8 kg, total height: 2,808 mm, total length: 2,880 mm, total width: 2,929 mm, table width: 550 mm, table length: 1,300 mm, table load: 1,200 kg, rotational speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, overall weight: 6,800 kg, operating hours of spindle: 16,024 h, spindle nose: 150-660, tool length: 350 mm, tool diameter: 80 mm, input voltage: 400 V, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: chip conveyor, Mazak Vertical Machining Center VCS 530C – well-maintained, inspected & ready for operation For sale is a Mazak VCS 530C vertical machining center in well-kept, technically flawless condition. The machine has always been serviced regularly and is in very good visual and technical condition. It is fully functional, thoroughly inspected, and immediately ready for operation. With our all-inclusive service package, we personally handle the entire process for you upon request – from delivery right up to commissioning your new machine. This includes unloading, setting up, and aligning the machining center. Afterwards, our experienced service technicians will carry out professional commissioning, perform all necessary function checks, and ensure that your Mazak VCS 530C runs reliably and precisely. We also offer customized training sessions for your employees, so you can utilize the machine optimally from day one. Even after installation, we continue to support you – whether with maintenance, technical inquiries, or future expansions. With our all-inclusive package, you don’t have to worry about a thing – we ensure everything runs smoothly so you can focus entirely on your production. Additionally, you can purchase extraction units, attachments, and accessories from us, including high-quality Donaldson extraction systems to make your production more efficient and cleaner. Our service commitment: Quality, expertise, and customer satisfaction are our top priorities. Our team consists of qualified and experienced technicians, specialized in Mazak machines as well as other brands. We place great value on personal support and are happy to assist you at any time, even after your purchase. You are also welcome to visit and inspect the machine under power at our facility. You’re cordially invited to see the condition and functionality for yourself on site. Ndedpfxoxuqrko Aiyea With us, you’re in the best hands – professional, reliable, and passionate about machines! PS CNC Service Germany GmbH & Co. KG All details without guarantee.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, LATHE MAZAK SUPER QUICK TURN 250 MAX. TURNING DIAMETER: 300 mm MAX. TURNING LENGTH: 550 mm CNC: MAZATROL 640 T SPINDLE MOUNT: ASA – 6 SPINDLE SPEED: 35 – 4,000 RPM SELF-CENTERING CHUCK DIAMETER: 250 mm SPINDLE BORE: 76 mm BAR CAPACITY: 65 mm TOOL MAGAZINE: 12 POSITIONS Nodpfjyuqbaox Aiysda TRAVELS: X: 190 mm Z: 585 mm TAILSTOCK TOOL PRESETTING CHIP CONVEYOR COMPLETE WITH FULL DOCUMENTATION YEAR: 2003 WEIGHT: 5,000 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1985, Mazak Slant Turn 40 MC CNC lathe with chip conveyor. Year of manufacture 1985, weight 8 tons. Control system Mazatrol T3, with three-jaw chuck, tool turret, tailstock. Ready for use, can be viewed while still powered. Njdpfovzgyhox Aiysda

Condition: ready for operation (used), Mazak Mazatrol Cam M-2 Control Panel YM2B BN110B367, used, shows significant signs of wear, 100% functional, scope of supply as shown in the photos. Ndjdpfx Aji Eb Dkoiyea

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, Year of manufacture: 2000 Control: Mazatrol 640 Documents included Chip conveyor TECHNICAL DATA – MAZAK INTEGREX 200SY Performance / Capacity Max. swing: Ø 540 mm Chuck size: 8" Max. machining diameter: Ø 540 mm Max. machining length: 1018 mm Max. outside diameter for bar material: Ø 51 mm Main spindle Spindle nose: JIS A2-6" Spindle bore diameter: Ø 61 mm Spindle speed: 35 – 5000 rpm (Standard) / 35 – 4500 rpm (Option: 5000)* Motor power (30 min. rating): 22 kW (18.5 kW*) Max. torque: 350 Nm (35.7 kgf·m) Sub spindle (counter spindle) Spindle nose: JIS A2-6" Spindle bore diameter: Ø 44 mm Spindle speed: 35 – 5000 rpm Nedpfxsyh E Irs Aiyoda Motor power (10 min. rating): 7.5 kW Max. torque: 57 Nm (5.8 kgf·m) Turret / Tool data Turret type: With ATC, spindle turret External turning tool size: □ 25 mm Internal turning tool size: Ø 40 mm Milling tool: Max. Ø120 × 250 mm length Indexing time (90°): 0.5 s Milling spindle speed: 15 – 6000 rpm (Option: 10000) Milling spindle motor power: 7.5 kW Max. milling spindle torque: 62.29 Nm (6.35 kgf·m) Feed axes X-axis: Travel 530 mm / Rapid traverse 30,000 mm/min Z-axis: Travel 1065 mm / Rapid traverse 33,000 mm/min Y-axis: Travel 140 mm / Rapid traverse 15,000 mm/min Z2-axis: Travel 1005 mm / Rapid traverse 20,000 mm/min Media / Control Coolant tank volume: 250 L Power consumption (continuous): 32.7 kVA Machine dimensions / Weight Overall length: 3485 mm Overall width: 2105 mm Overall height: 2416 mm Weight: 73,575 N (7,500 kgf)