Used System Solution for sale (36,839)

Condition: excellent (used), Width: 450 mm length: 1000 mm space requirement: 1050 x 550 mm height adjustable: 620 - approx. 1000 mm Ksdpfxod E Ucte Abcolp

Condition: excellent (used), System 3R 3R-901-20E compatible 3Refix mandrel Ø20mm System 3R 3R-901-20E compatible 3Refix mandrel Ø20mm, rust-resistant - 3Refix compatible Ø20 mm - Rust-resistant - Recommended tightening torque 4 Nm - Supplied singly Kodpjw E Hgbjfx Abcelp Partly new and unused

Year of construction: 1995, condition: ready for operation (used), For sell we have whole line. System TM Bison loading machine Weinig Hydromat H 22 B year 1989 System TM Angus unloading Kledpfx Abstqdfiocop 450 - 2500mm lenght 20 - 80 mm height 45 - 160 mm width

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2015, Ultrasonic Cleaning System It is designed for 10m long heat exchanger with 1.5m diameter and weight of 30 tons. Together with internal mounted rollers and quick chemistry heating system, it is perfect for cooperation with demanding clients. Ksdpfx Absuigpmscolp Applications for the use of ultrasonic units - Industrial cleaning - High-pressure cleaning - Petro-chemical activities - Shut-down cleaning activities - Other cleaning where Year of production: end of 2015 Total working hours: 135 for diesel generator, about 40 for ultrasonic transducers From the beginning It was stored in warehouse in perfect conditions All other technical information and price can be sent upon request. This technology is highly recommended for cleaning heat exchangers but also for small parts which high pressure methods can damage. It reduces the periods of shutdowns while cleaning, saves water and sewage.

Condition: used, Hydraulic horizontal clamp Kjdpfx Ajxtqg Eobcelp

Condition: good (used), DIGI SM-5500B System Scale SM-5500B, the advanced PC-based system scale printer that provides you with multiple retail solutions. Increases operational turnover, improves operations with integrated queuing and collection system through various innovative features of SM-5500B. Experience true retail solutions offered by DIGI's PC scales. - Linerless printing with integrated automatic cutter - Watermark printing - Speed ID - InfoTag and electronic signage e.Label - Integrated queuing and collection system - Waste management - Interactive screen display Power source 230 V (50/60 Hz.) Operating humidity 15% - 85% RH Non-condensing Operating temperature -10° C to +40° C Operator Display 12.1" Kledpfjk Shm Tsx Abcsp Customer display 7 "WVGA (800x480) Interface RS232C, Ethernet (standard) max. 15/30 kg, min. 100g, e = 5/10g, dimensions (in mm) 385(W) x 507(D) x 148(H) Item condition: used Photo is purely indicative More items - new and used - you will find in our store! International shipping costs on request!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2001, Quickwood Rustication / Brushing Line on 03 sides with 02 brushes per side Kjdpevy Eu Iofx Abcelp

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Dividing plate with pneumatic piston as per the specifications in the photo. In good and functional condition. Specifications are shown in the second image. Kledpjx H Unpjfx Abcop

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2004, grinding height: 100 mm, working width: 250 mm, grinding width: 250 mm, Double-sided brush sanding machine / profile sanding machine Manufacturer: Quickwood Model: QL 3 Year of manufacture: 2004 Texturing and sanding machine, double-sided operation, equipped with a total of 6 brush units. Machine suitable for integration into production lines due to constant table height. Working width: 250 mm Kodpfx Abjxvz Ulscslp Passage width: 300 mm Passage height: approx. 100 mm Minimum workpiece length: approx. 500 mm Equipped with: 2x brush units from below, each 1.5 kW, frequency controlled, suitable for texturing and sanding 2x brush units from below, each 1.5 kW, frequency controlled, suitable for texturing and sanding 2x brush units from above, each 0.75 kW, frequency controlled, suitable for fine sanding Pneumatically controlled pressure rollers for workpiece guidance and stabilization Feed rate steplessly adjustable, approx. 5 - 25 m/min Extraction connections: 150 mm Dimensions approx. 2045 x 1350 x 1700 mm (LxWxH) Weight: approx. 1000 kg

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 200 h, functionality: fully functional, total height: 4,820 mm, total width: 15,000 mm, total length: 20,000 mm, type of input current: AC, input voltage: 400 V, SOCO SYSTEM End-of-Line Packaging Line with Robotic Palletizer, Carton Erectors & Sealers (Year of manufacture: 2020) This offer includes our complete SOCO SYSTEM shipping and end-of-line packaging line, exactly as installed in our facility. The system is fully operational, well-maintained, and was used until recently for pallet dispatch. This line is ideal for companies with high shipping or packaging volumes that value automated, efficient, and modular packaging processes. Klodpfxsxdb Saj Abcsp The system can be taken over in full or in part – we are happy to advise you on the optimal configuration. Technical Equipment / Components - 2 x Carton Erectors BE-2300 ATS and BE-2200 ATS Automatic carton erectors for folding and sealing bottom flaps (self-adhesive tape, width = 50 mm). - Long Flap Spreader For precise feeding and alignment of cartons onto the main conveyor line. - Powered Conveyors & Labelling Sections Roller conveyors, curves, and distribution lines with integrated label transport. - Carton Sealer T-4000 with Tape Alarm Automated top carton sealing with self-adhesive tape. - Labeller LOGOPAK Logomatik 415-T (integration ready) Transfers cartons for automatic labelling and verification via scanner. - Palletizing Robot SOCO PRS-LRS-1218-H3 Industrial robot for fully automated palletizing according to customer-specific patterns. - Pallet magazine for 14 pallets Automatic provision of empty pallets. - Safety Features: Swing doors / light curtains, emergency stop interlinking, Type 2 control, controller, CE certification. - Additional Modules: T-55 with conveyor system and ball table, F-100 + T-2000 conveyor system, RAL 9006 special colour. Complete assembly, factory testing, installation, and commissioning included (original system price according to SOCO SYSTEM offer: €243,700). Function Description The line automatically erects cartons, seals the bottoms, conveys them on the main packaging conveyor, closes and seals the tops, labels and inspects them. Error-free cartons are then picked up by the robotic palletizer and stacked according to defined pallet layouts. The entire system is modular and can be integrated into existing production or shipping operations. General Information Year of manufacture: 2020 Manufacturer: SOCO SYSTEM A/S Condition: used / very good / immediately operational Location: Norderstedt (near Hamburg) Scope of delivery: complete shipping line including robot, sealer, and conveyor technology.

Condition: used, Good day, We are offering used clamping beams from Erowa, System 3R and Becker Erodiertechnik. These clamping beams are suitable for wire erosion. The following parts are available: ER-017646 ER-017647 ER-017648 ER-021128 ER-021127 System 3R 3R-239-545-9911-V01 Becker erosion technology SB430-SB680 The clamping devices have signs of wear and are in very good technical condition. Individual acceptance also possible. Spare parts and accessories are available. Kedotk N E Aopfx Abcjlp Do you have any questions? Then we are at your disposal.

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2021, arm reach: 3,900 mm, conveyor belt length: 8,000 mm, conveyor belt width: 600 mm, product height (max.): 2,600 mm, No reserve price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! The machine's original price in 2021 was EUR 1,480,000 (net)! Kodpfx Absxu Upmocelp TECHNICAL DETAILS Performance and Capacity Processing capacity: 60 pallets per day Boxes per pallet: up to 54 units Maximum box weight with 54 boxes: 15 kg Overall height from top of pallet: 2,500 mm Maximum total height (including pallet): 2,600 mm Maximum total load: up to 500 kg Process Times Stacking time per box: 12–15 s Wrapping time: approx. 30 s AGV cycle time (incl. pallet change, wrapping, labeling, transport): about 4 min Transport and Material Flow AGV travel distance: approx. 70 m Number of pallet change positions: 6 Available positions during pallet change: 5 Robot Industrial robot: 6-axis articulated arm robot Payload: 120 kg Reach: 3,900 mm Availability: 99.9 % Protection class (robot): IP64 Robot control: KUKA, protection class IP54 Robot pedestal: height 1,500 mm Safety and Control Technology PLC: Siemens S7-1500 with MP 277 Touch Panel, 19" industrial PC panel Central safety control: with decentralized I/O modulation Profinet slave card: for PLC communication Safety light curtains: 1× A 1,500 mm with muting (3 for robot cell, 1 for door, 1 for wooden pallet stacking) Conveyor Technology and Pallet Handling Powered pallet conveyor: length 4 m, width 1,200 mm Pallet transfer station: GoPal E24/W for docking station Pallet station power unit: GoPal 400 / E24/W Pallet detection kit: included AGV System Transport unit: autonomous AGV GoBot GoPal E24/W Server: GoControl Operating unit: GoPal operating unit (1× call button) Interfaces: GoPal AUX Interface Box (I/O) Integration: fully integrated into AGV system Conveying Technology and Singulation Box conveying line: 17 m long, 600 mm wide Horizontal robot transfer section: 1 m Belt conveyor for boxes (new line): 8 m long, 600 mm wide Singulation system: pneumatic pusher Singulation stopper: included Pallet Stacking Systems Automatic pallet stacking system for Euro pallets: capacity 13 pallets, manufacturer e.g. Palomat or similar Automatic pallet stacking system for wooden pallets: capacity 13 pallets, manufacturer e.g. Palomat or similar MACHINE DETAILS System footprint: 5.6 m² (base area) Connected load: 38 kW Weight: 3,500 kg Note: Further information on the equipment configuration can be found in the attached specification sheet.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, conveyor belt length: 1,000 mm, conveyor belt width: 670 mm, total length: 1,000 mm, total width: 820 mm, total height: 800 mm, power: 0.12 kW (0.16 HP), motor manufacturer: Soco System, Belt Conveyor/ Conveyor Belt/ Belt Conveyor System Manufacturer: Soco System Condition: Used Year of Manufacture: 2016 Overall Length: approx. 1000 mm Overall Width: approx. 820 mm Overall Width without Motor: approx. 670 mm Conveyor Width: approx. 580 mm Kodpow A S Swofx Abcslp Conveyor Height: approx. 800 mm (adjustable) Material: Steel/Aluminium - galvanized Belt Type: Plastic - smooth Color: galvanized, dark blue Including Soco motor (0.12 kW) Including feet (height-adjustable) The conveyor system was operational until disassembly. Thanks to the superior workmanship of the conveyor technology, your material glides smoothly to its destination even under heavy loads. Tailor-made solutions for your intralogistics. For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, inclined conveyors, or telescopic conveyors for loading and unloading your goods, we are your competent partner! We are happy to prepare a customized offer for you or provide advice regarding design or installation questions. Simply let us know your requirements and site conditions. Benefit from our many years of experience and excellent network of professionals. We have already successfully implemented projects for companies in various sectors such as logistics, pharmaceutical industry, trades, and the electronics industry. Together, we will find ways to optimize your process and material flow cost-effectively and sustainably. We can also offer you fully automatic sorting systems or complementary components such as order picking racks or containers. Features: Condition: fully functional, with signs of wear Ideal for fast material transport Professionally disassembled and packed Pick-up address: Industriestraße 5 (47918 Tönisvorst)

Condition: used, TECHNICAL DETAILS Floor space - Dimensions ((length-depth-height)) : 1300 x 1400 x 2000 [mm] - Weight : 515 [Kg] Kledpfx Aboug U A Njcep Power supply - Voltage : 115-230 [V] - Frequency : 50-60 [Hz] - Nominal current : 20 [A] - Power : 3 [kW] - Air pressure : 6 [bar]

Condition: used, Leybold A700 Q deposition system (ebeam) Leybold A700 deposition system: Was used for deposition Titanium - Gold (ebeam) Ebeam deposition unit (Leybold) Vacuum pump Leybold D40-65B + Diffusion pump 2kW Proceschamber: Size: Width 680mm x Height 680mm x Depth 550mm Substrateholder diameter 650mm Kljdpfouhcnisx Abcep Incl. shielding Oring door Heaters Basepressure low 10-6mbar Electronics: Baseline cabinet (eneeds upgrade) Old PLC (for pump/vent) Gas cabinet/water: Various valves/flow reducers for gas and water Note: D&M Vacuumsystems can upgrade the system to new processes (E-beam or Sputter) incl. new electronics and software. EUR 37.500,-

Condition: used, UHV deposition system (ebeam sputter) UHV deposition system: Was used for deposition Titanium - Gold (ebeam) Ebeam deposition unit is removed Cryopump and prepump is removed Loadlock: for samples round 75mm Incl. sample heater 450l/s turbomolecular pump (Leybold) Proceschamber: Size: Width 680mm x Height 750mm x Depth 590mm Klodpfeuhcn Nox Abcjp Incl. shielding Double oring door (partially pumped) Heaters Basepressure low 10-7mbar, high 10-8mbar Electronics: Baseline cabinet (e-beam unit removed) Old PLC (for pump/vent) Gas cabinet/water: Various valves/flow reducers for gas and water Note: D&M Vacuumsystems can upgrade the system to new processes (E-beam or Sputter) incl. new electronics and software. EUR 55.000,-

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, A good used automatic labelling system featuring twin belt drive with speed control - system was used for automatic labelling of the underside of boxes/cartons on a production line - barcode scanner is integrated to detect the presence of the label (which contained a barcode) and if no label detected the system alarms and stops - barcode scanning can be disabled if not required Single phase 240Volt AC supply Ready to ship worldwide Kedpowufb Aefx Abcslp

Condition: used, Weighing and Bagging System, comprising of: - Kledpfx Absxmhh Hecop - Ishida Multihead Weigher (CCW-EM-214/30) - Ilapak Vegatronics VFFS Bagger (S/N: S977/00) with Zodiac printer - Hopper - Takeaway conveyor - Ishida metal detector checkweigher (DACS-W-012) - Gantry

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, 🔧 Key Features of Gala Underwater Pelletizing Systems • Die-Face Cutter: Utilizes a die-face cutter where molten polymer strands are cut directly at the die face, ensuring uniform pellet sizes tailored to customer specifications. • Centrifugal Dryer: Equipped with a centrifugal dryer that efficiently removes moisture from the pellets, eliminating the need for extended drying times. • Compact Design: The system's design eliminates the requirement for long water tanks, allowing for a more compact footprint and flexible layout in production facilities. • Ease of Operation: Designed for stable and continuous production, the system offers excellent operability, enabling a single operator to manage multiple lines effectively Ksdpfxowm Nq Eo Abcslp

Year of construction: 2018, condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Wave soldering system with comprehensive equipment! A spare parts package worth approximately €20,000 is included in the sale and delivery! The system comprises the following components: - Seho wave soldering system MWS 2340-F - Fluxer SelectFlux - Streamline transport system including lifts TECHNICAL DETAILS - PULSAR preheating: 2 convection and 5 pulsar preheating zones (3,300 mm length) - Wetting length (soldering system): 40 mm + 30 mm - Return transport level: raised 405 mm - Finger conveyor: L-shape, short (3 mm) MACHINE DETAILS - Number of processed solder frames: 1,060,540 pcs EQUIPMENT - Fluxer SelectFlux - Streamline transport system incl. lifts - Automatic solder bar feeder - Process gas cleaning system - Finger cleaning unit - Foldable convection top heater - Fan speed monitoring for convection preheating - Standard soldering unit - Wide solder nozzle unit, 7-row - Solder frame transport system incl. 2 lifts - Cooling tunnel in the return transport of the soldering system incl. timer control - Solder frame lowering station - Replacement filter for condensate trap at machine infeed and outfeed - Residual oxygen measurement with lambda probe Ksdpfoyt Nlbox Abcelp - Nitrogen economizing circuit - Transponder system for automatic switching of soldering programs - Selective flux module (external unit) - Flow sensor for flux per spray head - Flux reservoir tank with connections - Replacement filters for external spray fluxer module – upper and lower machine sections - Spare PC

Condition: not inspected (used), Year of construction: 1999, functionality: unexamined, working width: 1,300 mm, working height: 110 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Max. working width: 1,300 mm Max. working height: 110 mm Min. working height: 8 mm EQUIPMENT Motorised feed rollers Kljdpsyqynuofx Abcsp 2 brush units The machine is sold and delivered in its actual and legal condition ("as seen and approved") based on photographic documentation and technical/commercial documents with descriptive character. The buyer has the right to inspect the goods prior to collection and assumes responsibility for installation, securing, and use of the machine at the destination. External reference: 7615

Year of construction: 2009, condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, product length (max.): 1,400 mm, product width (max.): 1,000 mm, Equipment: CE marking, TECHNICAL DETAILS Number of blast turbines: 4 Power per blast turbine: 22 kW Abrasive throughput per turbine: 7 kg/hour Shot flow rate: 450 kg/min Blast velocity: 80 m/s Maximum product dimension: 1,400 x 1,000 mm Cabin diameter: 2,200 mm MACHINE DETAILS Control system: Siemens Kljdoyua D Rjpfx Abcop EQUIPMENT Vibratory screen for abrasive media and discharged material Feed via external rail system CE marking

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, power: 400 kW (543.85 HP), Ore Beneficiation Plant for Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Graphite, Gold, Silver, Chrome, Quartz/Silica In today’s competitive mining and metallurgical industry, maximizing ore value is critical. Our state-of-the-art Ore Beneficiation Plant offers a complete solution designed to increase the content and quality of raw ore, transforming it into a marketable product ready for further processing or direct sale. Engineered for a wide range of minerals—including nickel, copper, zinc, graphite, gold, silver, chrome, and quartz/silica—our ore beneficiation plant delivers exceptional performance, efficiency, and reliability. Introduction Mining operations around the world face the challenge of processing ores that are often low in grade and require extensive refinement to be economically viable. Beneficiation—the process of increasing the concentration of valuable minerals—plays a vital role in reducing operational costs, enhancing recovery, and ultimately, ensuring profitability. Our ore beneficiation plant, also known as an ore processing plant or mine dressing plant, integrates advanced technology and robust engineering to deliver an efficient crushing, grinding, classifying, and separation process. Designed to handle a wide variety of ores, our plant is the ideal solution for mining companies looking to optimize their extraction and processing operations. Whether you’re processing nickel, copper, zinc, graphite, gold, silver, chrome, or quartz/silica, our plant provides the versatility and performance needed to meet today’s rigorous industrial standards. Klodpsq Nw Uqefx Abcep ## What Is an Ore Beneficiation Plant? An ore beneficiation plant is a facility where raw ore is processed to improve its quality and increase the concentration of valuable minerals. The plant typically includes several stages of processing: 1. Crushing: The raw ore is reduced in size to allow for more efficient downstream processing. 2. Grinding: Further size reduction to liberate the valuable minerals from the waste material. 3. Classifying: Separation of the ore into different size fractions using screening and hydrocyclones. 4. Separation: Employing various physical processes such as magnetic separation, flotation, or gravity separation to concentrate the valuable minerals. 5. Dewatering: Removal of excess water to prepare the concentrate for further processing or shipping. This integrated process not only boosts the metal content but also minimizes waste, thereby improving overall cost efficiency and environmental sustainability.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, power: 11 kW (14.96 HP), A triple pass rotary drum dryer is a type of industrial dryer that is used to reduce or remove moisture from a material. It gets its name from the three rotating drums through which the material passes, each with a different purpose in the drying process. This type of dryer is commonly used in the production of various bulk solids, including minerals, agricultural products, and biomass. Here are the key features and components of a triple pass rotary drum dryer: 1. Triple Pass Design: - The material being dried passes through three rotating drums or cylinders, hence the term "triple pass." Each drum serves a specific purpose in the drying process. 2. Material Flow: - The material enters the dryer and first passes through the innermost drum. After the initial drying phase, it moves to the middle drum and then to the outer drum, undergoing additional drying in each pass. 3. Heat Source: - Heat is typically provided by a combustion system, such as a burner or furnace, located at one end of the drum dryer. The hot gases generated by the combustion process flow through the rotating drums, transferring heat to the material. Kodpfxjq Nfuzj Abcslp 4. Air Flow: - The dryer is designed to optimize air flow through the drums, ensuring efficient drying. In a triple pass design, the material and hot gases move counter-currently through the three drums, enhancing heat transfer and drying efficiency. 5. Lifting Flights or Lifters: - Lifters are internal components inside the drums designed to lift and cascade the material as it rotates. This movement promotes good heat transfer and uniform drying. 6. Retention Time: - The triple pass configuration allows for an extended retention time of the material in the drying system. This longer exposure to heat enhances the drying efficiency, making the triple pass rotary drum dryer suitable for materials with high moisture content. 7. Cooling Section: - After the material completes the three passes and reaches the end of the drum dryer, a cooling section may be included to reduce the temperature of the dried material before it is discharged. 8. Applications: - Triple pass rotary drum dryers are used in various industries, including agriculture (drying crops like grains), minerals (drying ores or concentrates), and biomass (drying wood chips or other organic materials). 9. Efficiency and Energy Consumption: - Triple pass rotary drum dryers are known for their high efficiency due to the extended drying time and effective heat transfer. However, they may have higher energy consumption compared to single or double pass dryers. When selecting a triple pass rotary drum dryer, it's essential to consider factors such as the type of material to be dried, required moisture reduction, and overall processing requirements. Proper design and operation are crucial to achieving optimal drying performance. Technical details We have different options for different requirements, please contact our team for more info.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, power: 11 kW (14.96 HP), Rotary drum dryer for drying various kinds of materials like sand, biomass, sawdust, red mud, bentonite, coal Diameter: 1200mm Length: 10000mm Power: 11-13KW Gradient: 3% Capacity: 1.5-3 t/h Weight: 14Tons Besides this model, we also have the other models of rotary drum dryer 1500x12000mm, 2400x20000mm, and complete drying system for various materials, welcome to contact us for more details Our factory can design suitable solution according to your specific requirements. Rotary drum dryers are highly efficient machines used extensively in the processing of wood chips, sawdust, and biomass. They operate by utilizing a rotating drum that heats and dries the materials as they are transported through the cylinder. The design of these dryers allows them to handle a wide range of particle sizes and moisture levels, making them suitable for various types of biomass. They can also tolerate high-temperature exhaust gases, which contributes to their efficiency and versatility in industrial applications. Rotary Drum Dryer for Wood Chip, Sawdust, Biomass 🌳 Introduction to Rotary Drum Dryers In the realm of biomass processing, moisture control is key. Enter the Rotary Drum Dryer, an indispensable machine designed to efficiently reduce the moisture content of wood chips, sawdust, and biomass. This essential tool enhances productivity, improves fuel quality, and is pivotal in biomass energy production. Let’s explore its functionality and benefits! 💡 💼 Key Benefits of Using a Rotary Drum Dryer 1. Energy Efficiency: Designed to optimize energy use, Rotary Drum Dryers consume less power while delivering high drying efficiency. 🌿💡 2. High Capacity: Capable of handling large volumes of biomass, these dryers are perfect for industrial applications where large-scale drying is needed. 🏭 3. Improved Product Quality: By achieving the optimal moisture content, the dryer enhances the quality of biomass for fuel, pellets, and other applications. 🔥 4. Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of materials including wood chips, sawdust, and various types of biomass, making it a versatile tool in any biomass processing plant. 🌳 # Application Fields and Materials of Rotary Drum Dryer II. Application Fields A. Agriculture - Drying of grains, seeds, and forage. - Processing of agricultural by-products like straw and husks. B. Food Industry - Dehydration of food products such as fruits, vegetables, and spices. - Preservation of food quality during drying. C. Chemical Industry - Drying of chemical powders, granules, and crystals. - Application in the production of fertilizers and detergents. D. Mining and Minerals - Drying of ores, coal, and mineral concentrates. - Reduction of moisture content for easier handling and processing. E. Construction Materials - Drying of sand, cement, and other construction aggregates. - Preparation of materials for manufacturing processes. F. Pharmaceuticals - Drying of pharmaceutical powders and active ingredients. III. Materials Processed by Rotary Drum Dryer A. Organic Materials - Biomass, wood chips, sawdust, and animal feed. B. Inorganic Materials - Sand, clay, limestone, and gypsum. C. Waste Products Klodpjq Igyvsfx Abcep - Sludge from wastewater treatment plants. - Industrial by-products for recycling or reuse.