Used Horizontal Agitator for sale (6,373)

Year of construction: 2014, condition: ready for operation (used), Control Unit Brand FANUC Model Series 3i-B Main Drive Number of spindles 2 Spindle speed range 3000 Number of axis 5 Movement Y-Axis Movement 300 mm Blsdpfx Aoxpkltjbzsp This 5-axis DOOSAN SMX 3100 was manufactured in 2014, featuring a multi-tasking turning center with high rigidity and precision. It offers a maximum turning diameter of 660 mm and a length of 1540 mm. The machine includes a Y-axis stroke of 300 mm and a B-axis rotation of ±120°. It supports a main spindle speed up to 3000 rpm and a milling spindle speed up to 12,000 rpm. If you are looking to get high quality turning capabilities consider the DOOSAN SMX 3100 machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Application Types Turning

Condition: excellent (used), Horizontal Shaping Machine Manufacturer: Heinemann Shaping 500 mm stroke Bljdpfoxtvifex Abzsp 18 - 140 strokes/min. Motor: 380 Volt 3 kW Transport dimensions: Length: 1750 mm Width: 1000 mm Height: 1500 mm with pallet Weight: 1300 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, Cutting length: 3900 mm Cutting width: 3100 mm Motor: 11 kW Control unit: KPL CUTCONTROL 2 Software: Optimizing System Pro Storage location: Supplier Bodpjxrplksfx Abzjlp

Condition: new, The HB 250 A is a compact Horizontal Mitre Cutting Bandsaw, designed by KNUTH to efficiently handle a variety of cutting tasks in any workshop. This robust machine features a cast-iron, one-piece saw frame that is ideal for making precise miter cuts. With the operator moving the saw frame instead of the material, it enhances both convenience and accuracy. The hydraulic cylinder allows for infinitely variable support pressure and smooth sawing with optimized cutting through two speeds. The quick-action clamping vise ensures swift setup and secure material handling, making your operations seamless. Equipped with a coolant system, base, one saw blade, and comprehensive operator instructions, the HB 250 A ensures reliable performance in the Industrial Saw category. If you are looking for a reliable and powerful tool, you can request a quote for this Horizontal Mitre Cutting Bandsaw today. Bsdou Abugspfx Abzslp

Condition: used, 1 unit hydraulic horizontal multipurpose press VEB PRESSENBAU DESSAU PYXWM160 as per images and inspection, self-dismantling. Colour: green. Condition: used. Payment method: advance payment via bank transfer. Storage location: Hall 2. Shipping: Collection only – no shipping offered for this item! Bjdpoxrcu Eofx Abzjlp

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2021, operating hours: 1,600 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: MJ1-1139, travel distance X-axis: 900 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 710 mm, controller model: Fanuc 0i-MF PLUS, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS X-axis travel: 900 mm Y-axis travel: 800 mm Z-axis travel: 710 mm Max. spindle speed: 6,000 rpm MACHINE DETAILS Bsdpoxt E Ahefx Abzolp Control: Fanuc 0i-MF PLUS Coolant supply: 46 bar Total weight: 17,000 kg Spindle operating hours: 1,600 h EQUIPMENT Chip conveyor Table shower system (Grundfos SPK4-8) TSC cooling system with Grundfos MTR3-36/CRK2-260, 46 bar/60 Hz Mahle filter Renishaw NC-4 laser tool measurement system RMP-60 spindle probe

Year of construction: 2018, condition: ready for operation (used), Control Unit Brand MAZATROL Model Mazatrol SmoothG CNC Main Drive Number of spindles 2 Spindle speed range 5000 Bedexp Srzopfx Abzslp Movement X-Axis Movement 234 mm Y-Axis Movement 100 mm Z-Axis Movement 625 mm W-Axis Movement 585 mm Workpiece Workpiece drm 695 mm Turret Number of tool slots 12 This 4-axis Mazak QUICK TURN COMPACT 200 MSY L was manufactured in 2018. It features a maximum swing of 695 mm and a machining diameter of 380 mm. Equipped with a Mazatrol SmoothG CNC control system, it ensures precision and efficiency. The main spindle supports up to 5000 rpm, while the second spindle reaches 6000 rpm. A great opportunity to buy this Mazak QUICK TURN COMPACT 200 MSY L lathe. Contact us for further details. Application Types Turning

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2021, Machine Description for 2021 Model: Horizontal Machining Center NHX 5000 Manufacturer: DMG MORI Bielefeld Hilden GmbH Type / Model: NHX 5000, Fanuc 31iB with CELOS ERGOline Touch Year of Manufacture: 2021 Control System: FANUC 31iB with CELOS / 21.5" Multi-Touchscreen / MAPPS system Bedpfx Aoxnkdmebzjlp Technical Data: • Working Area / Travels: - Travel X / Y / Z: 730 / 730 / 880 mm - Pallet size: 500 × 500 mm - Pallet quantity: 2 (with threaded holes) - Minimum B-axis indexing angle: 0.001° (DD direct drive) - Max. rotary table speed: 100 rpm - Pallet load: 500 kg - Hydraulic coupling with 2 hydraulic and 2 air circuits (max. 7 MPa) - Automatic indexing setup station • Performance / Spindle Speed / Drive Power: - Spindle: speedMASTER® motor spindle - Speed range: 35 – 20,000 rpm - Power: 37 / 26 / 18.5 kW (15% / 30 min / continuous duty) - Torque: 221 / 107 / 86.8 Nm - Tool taper: SK40 (7/24 taper, face contact) - Tool magazine capacity: 60 tools (ring-type, random selection) - Max. tool diameter: 70 mm (adjacent) / 170 mm (free) - Max. tool length: 550 mm - Max. tool weight: 12 kg - Chip conveyor: rear discharge with drum filter - Through-spindle coolant interface (8-step pressure control, up to 7 MPa) - Coolant / air switching via spindle - External coolant system: INTERLIT TMF300/600 compact filter unit (70 bar / 32 L/min) • Weight / Dimensions / Electrical Connection: - Machine weight: approx. 12,000 kg - Coolant tank capacity: 800 L - Transformer: 54 kVA - Power supply: 400 V, 50 Hz Equipment / Accessories: - Renishaw OMP60 spindle probe system (optical transmission) - Tool breakage detection system in the magazine - Hydraulic coupling on both pallets with integrated pressure regulation (7 MPa) - Automatic door for setup station - Rotating inspection window (air-driven) - Oil mist extraction system: LTA AC3002 (1,050 m³/h, dual electrostatic stages) - INTERLIT TMF300/600 high-pressure coolant filter system (70 bar, 32 L/min) - EtherNet/IP robot interface - IoTconnector, NETservice, Machine Data Connector (MDC), DMG MORI Messenger - CELOS with touchscreen and MAPPS functionality - Four-color signal light tower - Handheld control device (mobile handwheel) - Central coolant preparation for through-spindle supply - Drain circuit for auto-coupler (to prevent pressure drop) - 10 programmable external M-codes - 2 hydraulic clamping towers (each with 6 hydraulic 2-jaw chucks, GHHY-2B-200.00/K) - Voltage: 400 V, 50 Hz configuration - Air filter unit (T105A-1000MSP) This summary uses industry-standard terminology and structure suitable for platforms such as Machineseeker or TruckScout24.

Condition: used, grinding length 600 mm grinding width 200 mm workpiece height 250 mm grinding wheel diameter 200 mm grinding wheel width 20 mm weight of the machine ca. 1000 kg Bodpfx Aeu N I Nkjbzjlp dimensions of the machine ca. 2000 x 1200 x 1650 m

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, CMS Tecnometal B7 4.31 Horizontal 5-Axis cnc working center for Glas Axis Movement: X-Axis: 3.765 mm Bsdjxck D Aspfx Abzolp Y-Axis: 4.330 mm Z-Axis: 330 mm C-Axis: 720° B-Axis: 0-90° - Aluminium Table 3.210 x 4.320 mm - Elektrospindle 10,0 kW 0-10.000 rpm - Toolmagazin - CAD/CAM

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1992, functionality: fully functional, rotary table diameter: 800 mm, overall weight: 6,500 kg, grinding wheel diameter: 400 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 1,000 mm, grinding wheel width: 80 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Workpiece diameter: 1,000 mm Rotary table diameter: 800 mm Max. distance from rotary table to grinding spindle center: 850 mm Grinding wheel diameter: 400 mm Grinding wheel width: 80 mm MACHINE DETAILS Blodjxr U R Eepfx Abzep Total power requirement: 25 kW Grinding spindle motor: 11 kW Dimensions & Weight Space requirement (L x W x H): approx. 4,100 x 3,200 x 2,600 mm Machine weight: approx. 6,500 kg EQUIPMENT Coolant system 500 liters with paper band filter 4 grinding wheels (3 unused)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, machine/vehicle number: 1160821, BA 600-2 CNC, Horizontal Milling and Drilling Center SW Schwäbische Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH Machine No.: 166 0821 Year of manufacture: 2008 Used, ready for operation Travel axes: X-axis 600 mm Y-axis (alternate position) 600 (975) mm Z-axis 500 mm Control: Siemens 840D control, side-mounted Feed / rapid traverse speed: X, Y, Z 1 – 45,000 mm/min Max. feed force X, Y, Z 15,000 N Average acceleration: X, Y, Z 2.5 m/s² Measuring system: Absolute linear measuring system X, Y, Z Spindles: Spindle speed (stepless) 20-10,000 rpm Torque 2 x 363 Nm (S6/40%ED) Power 2 x 38 kW (S6/40%ED) HSK-A 100, horizontally arranged side by side Spindle center distance 600 mm Spindle bearing diameter 100 mm Motor spindles, liquid-cooled, AC technology Working area: Swing-arm carrier with straight-toothed gearing, max. workpiece weight 2,000 kg Swivel time 0/180 degrees approx. 6.0 sec Partition wall between machining and loading area Tool magazine: 2 x 40 tool HSK-A 100 chain magazines, position-coded Automatic pickup Tool change time (chip-to-chip): 4.9 sec Max. tool diameter 100 mm 250 mm if adjacent pocket is empty Max. tool length 350 mm Max. tool weight 20 kg Equipment: Central lubrication Minimum quantity oil lubrication (spindle lubrication) Chip conveyor Connection for central coolant system Hydraulic system Service unit Water recooler Fully enclosed; crane loading possible Dimensions with paper band filter: approx. 5.15 x 8.50 x 4.20 m Weight approx. 20,000 kg Dimensions without paper band filter: approx. 5.15 x 6.60 x 4.20 m Other details: - Condition appropriate for its age - Annual maintenance was regularly performed by the previous owner --- Machine is sold without clamping devices --- --- without foundation parts --- Immediately available, timing by arrangement EXW 72793 Pfullingen Dismantled into main components Bedpfsxqrvvsx Abzolp Transport to site by the customer/buyer! Dimensions/transport dimensions of main machine components: 1 pc. machine unit (X, Y, Z) mm 3800 x 3350 x 3400 approx. 13,000 kg 1 pc. table unit mm 4400 x 2400 x 3400 approx. 10,000 kg Additionally, peripheral equipment such as chip conveyor, small parts, sheet metal, etc. Short delivery time possible! Schedule by arrangement.

Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 16,597 h, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 2130 mm Measurements depth 2880 mm Measurements height 1990 mm Machine weight 7500 kg Control Unit Brand SIEMENS Model 840D-SL Bljdpfx Abjxrhcuezsp Main Drive Spindle speed range 5000 rpm Spindle motor power 24 kW Spindle bore Ø65 mm Number of axis 7 Movement X-Axis Rapid Traverse 30 m/min Y-Axis Rapid Traverse 30 m/min Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 30 m/min Media Main electronic connection 60 kW Additional Equipment Coolant Tank Volume: Approximately 200 liters Hydraulic Tank Volume: Approximately 120 liters Central Lubrication Unit Volume: Approximately 2 liters Operating Current (IB): 76 A Rated Current of Protection Device (IN): 80 A This 7-axis SPINNER TTS 65-DUPLEX horizontal turning machine was manufactured in 2020. It features a spindle bore of Ø65 mm, a chuck diameter of 210 mm, and a maximum spindle speed of 5000 rpm. The machine includes a 3-meter bar loader, enhancing its productivity. With rapid traverses of 30 m/min and an acceleration of 0.5 g, it ensures efficient operations. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the SPINNER TTS 65-DUPLEX machine we have for tact us for more information. Application Types Turning

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 4,930 h, load capacity: 2,500 kg, lifting height: 122 mm, load center: 600 mm, fuel type: electric, mast type: standard, construction height: 1,400 mm, fork length: 1,150 mm, empty load weight: 975 kg, FRIEDMANN FORKLIFTS – REFURBISHED BY EXPERTS. FOR PROFESSIONALS IN ACTION Our forklifts are technically refurbished to FEM-4.004 and the latest safety standards – for maximum quality and your safety. From the chassis to the battery, including drive, brakes, steering, and electrics – every vehicle is thoroughly inspected and overhauled. ✔ Made in Germany – with responsibility and precision ✔ Strict technical inspection ✔ 400+ vehicles available ✔ Worldwide shipping & customs clearance ✔ Service & spare parts at fair prices ✔ Personal support – even after purchase Test on site and get professional advice – we’ll find the right solution for you. Material handling equipment data: Manufacturer: Jungheinrich Type: Order Picker ECE 225 Drive type: Electric Load capacity: 2,500 kg Year of manufacture: 2017 Operating hours: 4,930 Lift height: 122 mm Mast type: None Initial lift: Yes Bodexrgp Hepfx Abzolp Overall height: 1,400 mm Fork length: 1,150 mm Unladen weight: 975 kg Load centre: 600 mm Tyres: Polyurethane Model type: ECE 225 Battery type: PzS Battery weight: 288 kg

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, pressing force: 80 t, DIXI 80 SLD horizontal press Semi-automatic press system with 80 tons of pressure for economical volume reduction of residual materials (recyclable) in industry and retail: Cardboard Tetra packs Films Foams PET bottles Insulating mats and other compressible materials. Pressure force : 80 t Electrical connection : 400 V 50 Hz; 11 kW; D-32 A (option: K-32 A) Cycle – average approx. : 35 sec Blsdpjxt D E Iefx Abzep Length approx. : 4,320 mm (without lifting device and pallet) Width approx. : 1,830 mm Height approx. : 2,620 mm (with hopper) Loading opening (WxD) – housing : 1,040 x 1,110 mm Bale dimensions : 1,120 x 1,120 x 1,200 mm Bale weight approx. : 500 – 600 kg Tying 4 manual, wires with quick-release eyelets Machine weight approx. 8,000 kg (without bale)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2014, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Haas Machining Center Model: EC-1600 YZT Year: 2014 Sold complete (X 1626, Y 1270, Z 1016 mm) Integrated 4th axis rotary table Bsdpfext D R Rex Abzjlp

Year of construction: 2011, operating hours: 5,477 h, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 1863 Measurements depth 4600 Blsdpfx Abjxpyx Ajzop Measurements height 1863 Machine weight 6000 Control Unit Brand FANUC Model I series Main Drive Spindle speed range 3500 Number of axis 3 Media Chip conveyor Yes Additional Equipment Tool holders 2+2 driven tools Automatic tool measurement Oil catcher Oil mist filter (Losma) This 3-axis DOOSAN Puma 2600M was manufactured in 2011. A robust horizontal turning machine featuring a Fanuc I Series control system, it offers a maximum turning diameter of 376 mm and a length of 760 mm. Spindle speed reaches up to 3,500 rpm. Includes chip conveyor, tool holders, and driven tools. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities consider the DOOSAN Puma 2600M machine we have for tact us for more information. Application Types Turning

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2018, operating hours: 4,136 h, load capacity: 2,500 kg, lifting height: 122 mm, load center: 600 mm, fuel type: electric, mast type: standard, construction height: 1,400 mm, fork length: 1,150 mm, empty load weight: 975 kg, FRIEDMANN FORKLIFTS – REFURBISHED BY EXPERTS. FOR PROFESSIONALS IN ACTION. Blsdpjxrgpyefx Abzop Our forklifts are technically refurbished according to FEM-4.004 and the latest safety standards – for maximum quality and your safety. From the chassis to the battery, including drive system, brakes, steering, and electrics – every vehicle is thoroughly inspected and overhauled. ✔ Made in Germany – with responsibility and precision ✔ Strict technical inspection ✔ 400+ vehicles available ✔ Worldwide shipping & customs handling ✔ Service & spare parts at fair prices ✔ Personal support – even after purchase Test on site and get expert advice – we will find the right solution for you. Industrial Truck Specifications: - Manufacturer: Jungheinrich - Model: Order Picker ECE 225 - Drive type: Electric - Load capacity: 2,500 kg - Year of manufacture: 2018 - Operating hours: 4,136 - Lift height: 122 mm - Mast type: None - Initial lift: Yes - Overall height: 1,400 mm - Fork length: 1,150 mm - Unladen weight: 975 kg - Load center: 600 mm - Tyres: Polyurethane - Model type: ECE 225 - Battery type: PzS - Battery weight: 298 kg

Year of construction: 2000, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 2105 mm Measurements depth 3485 mm Machine weight 7500 kg Control Unit Brand MAZATROL Main Drive Spindle speed range 3500–5000 Spindle bore 61 mm Number of axis 4 Movement X-Axis Movement 530 mm X-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min X-Axis Rapid Traverse 30 m/min Y-Axis Movement ±70 mm Y-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min Y-Axis Rapid Traverse 15 m/min Z-Axis Movement 1065 mm Z-Axis Feed Force 0–6000 mm/min Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 33 m/min Tail Stock Pinol diameter 80 mm Pinol way 870 mm Pinol tool taper MK4 Bjdpsxpyw Eefx Abzelp Tools Number of station 20 Max weight 7 kg Max tool diameter 90 mm Max tool length 250 mm This 4-axis Mazak INTEGREX 200 Y was manufactured in 2000. It features a maximum turning diameter of 540 mm, a swing diameter of 540 mm, and a bar diameter capacity of 51 mm. The machine supports a workpiece weight up to 150 kg and offers a spindle speed range up to 5,000 rpm. It includes a Mazak KM 63 quick change tool system with 20 slots. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities, consider the Mazak INTEGREX 200 Y machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Application Types Turning

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Machine weight 5200 kg Main Drive Blsdexqtckspfx Abzsp Spindle speed range 4000 rpm Spindle motor power 11/18.5 kW Movement X-Axis Movement 185 mm X-Axis Rapid Traverse 24 m/min Z-Axis Movement 455 mm Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 20 m/min Turret Number of turrets 1 Additional Equipment The machine has a spindle and counter spindle, motorized turret with one radial tool and one axial tool included, presetting, automatic door. This Takisawa EX-508 was manufactured in 2006. A horizontal turning machine featuring a turning diameter of 300 mm, length of 380 mm, and a robust 12-position turret. It includes a Fanuc 18 i TB control, ensuring precision and ease of operation. Ideal for detailed turning tasks, it also boasts a spindle motor power of 11/18.5 kW for demanding operations. For more information about this machine, please reach out to us. Application Types Turning

Year of construction: 1999, condition: ready for operation (used), Main Drive Number of spindles 1 Number of axis 5 Spindle speed range 6000 Movement X-Axis Movement 215 mm X-Axis Feed Force 8000 Y-Axis Movement 180 mm Y-Axis Feed Force 16000 Z-Axis Movement 950 mm Z-Axis Feed Force 13000 Bodoxqtcdjpfx Abzelp Tools Number of station 24 Max weight 3 kg Max tool length 300 mm Type of tool holder HSK – B63 Media Internal cooling Yes This 5-axis Index G300 FLEX horizontal turning machine was manufactured in 1999. It features a max workpiece diameter of 250 mm, HSK-B63 tool interface, and a tool spindle with a drive power of 15 kW. The machine offers a spindle speed up to 6000 rpm, with optional 8000 rpm, and includes internal and external coolant supply. Consider the opportunity to buy this Index G300 FLEX horizontal turning machine. Contact us for further details regarding this machine. Application Types Turning

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2008, Control Unit Brand FANUC Model 16 i MB Movement X-Axis Rapid Traverse 50 m/min Y-Axis Rapid Traverse 50 m/min Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 50 m/min Bledpfx Abjxqtcqezsp X-Axis Movement 735 mm Y-Axis Movement 610 mm Z-Axis Movement 610 mm This Kitamura HX500 ia was manufactured in 2008. It features X-Y-Z Axis Travels of 735, 610, and 610 mm, a table size of 500x500 mm, and a spindle speed of 13,000 rpm. The machine includes a BT40 spindle mount, a 50-position tool changer, and a FANUC 16 i MB control system with a 10.4" color LCD. Consider the opportunity to buy this Kitamura HX500 ia horizontal machining centre. Contact us for more information about this machine. Application Types Milling

Year of construction: 2001, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 1950 mm Measurements depth 3860 mm Measurements height 1905 mm Machine weight 5550 kg Control Unit Brand FANUC Model 21iT Main Drive Spindle speed range 50–4200 Spindle motor power 15 kW Movement X-Axis Movement 189 mm Bsdpfxjxizhle Abzolp Workpiece Workpiece drm over bed 520 mm Additional Equipment High-speed tailstock Parts catcher Bar feed interface This HARDINGE Quest 51 SP was manufactured in 2001. It features a swing over bed of 520 mm, a maximum turning diameter of 356 mm, and a spindle speed up to 4200 RPM. The machine includes a 12-station live tooling turret with integrated C-axis and Y-axis for multi-axis machining. Control is managed via a 21iT CNC system. Consider the opportunity to buy this HARDINGE Quest 51 SP horizontal turning machine. Contact us for more information. Application Types Turning

Year of construction: 1999, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 1535 mm Measurements depth 2630 mm Measurements height 1800 mm Machine weight 3550 kg Main Drive Spindle speed range 35–3500 Spindle motor power 11 / 15 kW Movement X-Axis Movement 175 + 25 mm X-Axis Rapid Traverse 24000 mm/min Z-Axis Movement 380 mm Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 24000 mm/min Workpiece Workpiece drm over bed 560 mm Workpiece drm over support 350 mm Additional Equipment Bljdoxirfzopfx Abzjp Coolant tank capacity: 100 L This Feeler FTC 20 was manufactured in 1999. It features a swing over bed of 560 mm and a maximum turning diameter of 350 mm. The spindle operates at speeds up to 3500 rpm, supported by a robust 15 kW motor. Ideal for precision turning with its 8 tool stations and manual tailstock. Consider the opportunity to buy this Feeler FTC 20 horizontal turning machine. Contact us for more information about this machine. Application Types Turning

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), General Data Measurements width 2500 Measurements depth 5485 mm Measurements height 2200 mm Bledpfx Ajxuawiobzsp Machine weight 14000 kg Control Unit Brand FANUC Main Drive Spindle speed range 3000 Spindle motor power 26 kW Movement X-Axis Rapid Traverse 12 m/min Z-Axis Rapid Traverse 15 m/min X-Axis Movement 295 mm Z-Axis Movement 1550 mm This Johnford SL-70A was manufactured in 2006. A robust horizontal turning machine featuring a swing over bed of 700mm and a swing over cross slide of 540mm. It has a spindle bore of 115mm and a bar capacity ranging from 91 to 102mm, suitable for diverse turning tasks. Consider the opportunity to buy this Johnford SL-70A horizontal turning machine. Contact us for more information about this machine. Application Types Turning