Used Wire Drawing Machine for sale (85,597)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2021, operating hours: 11,537 h, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 1,000 kg, travel distance X-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 350 mm, workpiece length (max.): 1,030 mm, Wire EDM machine from 2021 with only 11,537 operating hours! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel Path Travel path X-axis: 600 mm Travel path Y-axis: 400 mm Travel path Z-axis: 350 mm Workpiece Data Workpiece weight: 1,000 kg Workpiece height: max. 350 mm Workpiece width: max. 800 mm Workpiece length: max. 1,030 mm Ltjdpfox I Akujx Aanja Table Data Table width: 630 mm Table length: 950 mm MACHINE DETAILS Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 3,400 x 2,160 x 2,320 mm Total weight: 5,440 kg EDM hours: 11,537 h Power-on hours: 29,381 h Type of input current: three-phase current EQUIPMENT 16 kg spools Note: Dismantling and loading can be carried out by the seller at an additional charge.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 16,906 h, functionality: fully functional, Sodick AQ 300 L in good condition Operating hours: 16,906 Year of manufacture: 2007-11 Linear servo control X, Y, Z: 300 x 200 x 200 mm U, V: 80 mm Wire diameter: 0.15–0.3 mm (0.25 mm installed) Max. workpiece dimensions: 740 x 440 x 200 mm (X, Y, Z) Max. workpiece weight: 300 kg Chiller Ltsdpoxpu I Eefx Aanea Deionization cartridge Complete documentation Machine is powered for inspection

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2015, operating hours: 5,090 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: T0298, workpiece weight (max.): 850 kg, travel distance X-axis: 500 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 250 mm, workpiece height (max.): 245 mm, workpiece length (max.): 670 mm, type of input current: three-phase, table width: 960 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, Equipment: cooling unit, The Sodick VZ500L is a wire-cut EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) machine from Sodick, designed for electro-erosive machining of metals. This is a wire-type machine equipped with linear drives, enabling precise cutting of intricate shapes at an angle based on CAD files (e.g., DXF, STEP, IGES). Main features: Type: Wire-cut EDM Manufacturer: Sodick Model: VZ500L Drives: Linear Working range (X x Y x Z): 500mm 350mm 250mm Maximum workpiece dimensions: 960mm 670mm 245mm Lsdpfx Aaex Ekcysnota Maximum workpiece weight: 850 kg Capabilities: Angular wire cutting (based on 3D models) Additional features: Automatic wire feeding (AWF) Immersion in dielectric fluid

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, functionality: fully functional, FIRST CONTACT VIA WHATSAPP! Maximum workpiece dimensions: 1050 x 820 x 305 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 1500 kg Ltedpfxox Igygo Aanoa Table dimensions: 880 x 680 mm Travel paths (X x Y x Z): 600 x 400 x 310 mm Table rapid traverse speed: 1300 mm/min Electrode wire diameter: 0.1–0.3 mm Maximum electrode wire feed speed: 23 m/min Electrode wire tension: 0.5–25 N Taper unit installed as standard Travel paths (U x V): ± 75 x ± 75 mm Maximum taper angle: 15° (at 260 mm workpiece height) Dielectric tank: working volume: 800 l Filter flow rate: 60 l/min Filter fineness: 3 µm FIRST CONTACT VIA WHATSAPP!

Condition: used, Technical details: wire diameter - max.: 9,0 mm wire diameter - min.: 2,0 mm voltage: 380 V / 50 Hz V control voltage: 220 V Total power requirement: 18 kW Weight approx.: 5,0 t dimensions: Schmiermittelanlage: 830 x 650 x 1000 mm dimension machine xH: 3,3 x 1,5 x 1,45 m dimensions electric cabinet LxWxH: 0,7 x 1,5 x 1,75 m WIRING AND CUTTING MACHINE / MACHINE WAS UPGRADED WITH A NEW CONTROL SYSTEM IN 2000 A programmable, electronically-hydraulically controlled universal spring coiling machine for the production of right and left-hand tension and compression springs as well as torsion springs. The springs can be produced with any pitch and shape of spring body. Output max. 90 pieces/min. Outer spring Ø 10 - 120 mm Unlimited wire feed length, speed = 27 - 80 m/min. Coiling device: two-finger system wire thickness Ø 2.0 - 9.0 mm; spring outer Ø Ø 10 - 120 mm Single-finger system: wire thickness Ø 3.0 - 7.0 mm; spring outer Ø max. Ø 60 mm Equipment: 5x feed rollers, wire holder 3 mm two-finger Spring length measuring device LION PRECISION-PANTHER Wire roller holder POST, motor-driven, mandrel holder Ø 1,400 mm Lubrication system Control cabinet cooler RITA Hydraulic unit Optional many accessories and/or spare parts! i.D. * Ltjdpfevc Aklex Aanoa

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, max 70 mm hydraulic ja Lodpjw Sygaofx Aansta

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, operating hours: 47,754 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 52DR2077, workpiece weight (max.): 1,500 kg, travel distance X-axis: 620 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 420 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 300 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, For sale is a used Mitsubishi MV2400R wire EDM machine in good, well-maintained condition. The machine is well preserved and has been handled with care. Ltjdox Iukmspfx Aansa

Year of construction: 1987, condition: ready for operation (used), A Mitsubishi wire EDM machine including an automatic wire changer (AWF system) is available. Travel X/Y: 381mm/749mm, table dimensions X/Y: 647mm/797mm, max. workpiece dimensions X/Y/Z: 647mm/749mm/259mm, max. workpiece weight: 950kg. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 1850mm/2600mm/1950mm, weight: approx. 4100kg. Including 12 wire spools and one ceramic replacement plate. The wire changer is defective. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Lsdpfx Aex Hz Shoansta

Condition: repair required (used), Manufacturer: FANUC Tip: A04B-0221-B201 The condition of the machine is unknown, it does not work, it is for sale in this condition, !!! Ltsdpfx Aaoik Hb Tjnsa We do not know what is the probleme!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 32,000 h, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 1,000 kg, travel distance X-axis: 550 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 370 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 410 mm, Fanuc Alpha 1iC XL – extra high Z travel: 410 mm Excellent condition – fully operational Year of manufacture: 12/2006 Approx. 32,000 operating hours Control: Fanuc Alpha 180is-WB 5 axes: X: 550 mm / 900 mm/min rapid traverse Y: 370 mm / 900 mm/min rapid traverse U: 120 mm / 450 mm/min rapid traverse V: 120 mm / 450 mm/min rapid traverse Z: 410 mm / 900 mm/min rapid traverse Ltedpjx Htd Asfx Aanoa Max. workpiece weight: 1000 kg Maximum cutting angle: 30° Automatic wire threading Weight approx. 3.1 t Without screen above the control unit Availability: very soon Loading possible

Condition: good (used), Stock number: 3054 Manufacturer: Wafios Year of manufacture: 2003 Model: BM3 Wire diameter: 2.0 to 6.0 mm Wire feed length: unlimited Ltjdpfox Hrrfsx Aanea Feed speed: up to 80 m/min Distance from feed unit to bending head: min. 235 mm Return stroke length: max. 1,000 mm Bending head stroke: max. 75 mm Bending head rotation angle: unlimited Bending head lateral adjustment: +/- 20 mm Bends: max. 60/min Features: CNC control for wire feed and bending Accessories: coiler, various rollers Application: two- and three-dimensional parts Condition: good Connection: 10 kW Weight: approx. 4 t

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, table length 640 mm table width 540 mm 810 x 700 x 215 mm travel x / y / z 400 x 300 x 220 mm V-axis 120 mm U-axis 120 mm workpiece weight max. 500 kg Control M800 D-CUBES wire dia. 0,1 - 0,3 mm weight of the machine ca. ca. 3,1 t dimensions of the machine ca. 2,8 x 2,1 x 2,1 m Mechanical engineering concept: Hybrid design Machine included: Lsdpevt Ec Sjfx Aaneta - ODS - Optical Drive System - Tubular direct drives in XYUV axes - Linear scales in XYUV axes - Collision protection XYUVZ axes - Intelligent AT - Automatic wire threading for wire diameters 0.10 - 0.3 mm - Automatic fine hole search function - Easy 3D-Setup workpiece position detection - 5 controlled axes - prepared for additional axes - PFC - Precise Finish Circuit - H-FS - Finishing stage - LLS - Long Life System - 10 kg wire station - 4-sided framing table - hardened - Wire alignment block - Wire chopper - Compressor cooler Mitsubishi Electric M800 D-CUBES control system: - 19” full-touch monitor with gesture control - Hand pilot with configurable LCD display - Job planner incl. job interruption function - 3D CamMagic on board - Import of 3D Parasolid, 2D DXF / DWG - Graphic check: 3D, front and side view and top view - Operating and maintenance data output included - Interfaces: Ethernet TCP-IP, 2 x USB port - Corehole technology Incl. the following special options: - ERGO-Lux light Ergonomic workspace lighting with LED floodlight Two LED lights, 3 x 6 watts each IP67 version for use in the work area Anodized aluminium housing with reflector insert - Training course 5-day basic seminar at a Mitsubishi training center Mitsubishi training center for 1 person if attended within 12 months of commissioning. Travel and accommodation costs are at your expense - all dimensions, weight and performance data without obligation - Used machine without warranty - interim sale reserved -

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, Wire EDM Machine Manufacturer: Mitsubishi Electric Model: MV1200S NewGen Year of manufacture: 2019 Operating hours: approx. 9,500 Control: M800 D-CUBES Mitsubishi Electric control system Hybrid construction Travel paths X/Y/Z: 400 x 300 x 220 mm Travel paths U/V: 120 x 120 mm Max. workpiece dimensions: 810 x 700 x 215 mm Max. workpiece weight: 500 kg ODS – Optical Drive System Tubular direct drives in the X/Y axes Linear scales in X/Y axes Intelligent AT – Automatic wire threading For wire diameters 0.10 – 0.3 mm Automatic small-hole detection function 5 controlled axes – Prepared for additional axes PFC – Precise Finish Circuit LLS – Long Life System Lsdpexpfy Ssfx Aaneta 10 kg wire station Wire alignment block Wire chopper Compressor cooler tä161225

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2013, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 03DR2150, workpiece weight (max.): 1,500 kg, travel distance X-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 310 mm, total height: 2,150 mm, total length: 2,687 mm, total width: 3,030 mm, overall weight: 3,500 kg, Equipment: cooling unit, Wire-Cut EDM Machine The machine comes from productive operation and is in fully functional, used condition. All relevant assemblies are complete; the generator cabinet, control system, wire feed, and AT system (Automatic Threader) are all present and complete. Running times according to control system: Processing time: approx. 29,062 h NC on-time: approx. 43,836 h Ready-/TFT downtime: approx. 8,966 h Maintenance records (excerpt): Filter change: last performed at 176 h / 200 h Resin change: 21 h / 1000 h Oil refill: 742 h / 1000 h Conductivity sensor: 742 h / 1000 h Current supply rotation: 57 h / 80 h The machine is complete but shows typical signs of use after more than 10 years in operation Accessories are extensive and well organized Servicing always confirmed as per control system Automatic threading system included Accessories / Equipment: Original Mitsubishi nozzle & roller/bearing kit: various guide rollers upper and lower diamond guides nozzle set (upper/lower nozzle) drying stones / assembly tools NSK/Japan replacement bearings spare tension rollers Manufacturer’s wooden box Mitsubishi Electric Spare and consumables: resin container (packed) filter elements quick adhesive components A/B pH test strips process chemicals (for EDM) logbook / maintenance records Documentation / manuals: complete folders: Operator’s Manual MV Part 1 & 2 training materials “Advance Series” operating instructions (German) maintenance and AT maintenance sheets Travels (X / Y / Z): 600 × 400 × 310 mm Working table / workspace: table size: 840 × 640 mm (square table) max. workpiece dimensions: 1050 × 800 × 295 mm max. workpiece weight: 1,500 kg Wire data: wire diameter: 0.1–0.3 mm max. wire feed: 23 m/min tension: 0.5–25 N automatic threading (AT), including fine-threading Taper cutting: opto-linear T/C device, Ledpfxox Hadvo Aanota ±75 mm (X/Y), max. taper angle 15° at 260 mm workpiece height Generator / Control system: transistor-controlled pulse generator 15" LCD touch control 6-axis simultaneous control integrated 2D and 3D CAM (Parasolid viewer) NC memory up to 1 GB USB interfaces (2×) Dielectric system tank capacity: 860 l filter flow rate: 50 l/min paper filters (2 pcs) resin container 10 l (ion exchanger)

Condition: not inspected (used), Year of construction: 1996, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 6.0138, travel distance X-axis: 630 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 462 mm, table load: 800 kg, controller model: CHARMILLES ROBOFIL 6020 SI, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! This machine is being auctioned due to the closure of a business. Bidding commits you to timely collection between 26.01.2026 and 29.01.2026! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel Paths Travel X-axis: 630 mm Travel Y-axis: 400 mm Travel Z-axis: 462 mm Travel U-axis: ±50 mm Travel V-axis: ±50 mm Workpiece Max. workpiece dimensions: 1,260 x 685 mm Max. workpiece height (immersed): 200 mm Max. load capacity: 800 kg Max. workpiece height between feedthroughs: 360 mm Measuring resolution: 0.5 µm Maximum manual speed: 15 mm/s Wire unwind speed Tension, taper offset Maximum workpiece height for wire threading: 300 mm Work tank dimensions: 1,355 x 760 x 425 mm MACHINE DETAILS Control: CHARMILLES ROBOFIL 6020 SI Dimensions & Weight Ltodpoxqalljfx Aanoa Dimensions (L x W x H): 4,500 x 2,700 x 2,900 mm Weight: 4,000 kg Electrical Details Operating voltage: 380/400 V Frequency: 50 Hz Rated current: 18 A EQUIPMENT Includes matching workshop drawer cabinet with accessories and documentation

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: compressor, cooling unit, documentation/manual, fridge, EDM (Electrical Discharge Machine) Brand: Sodick Lodpfx Aaox A Atieneta Model: AQ325 Year: 2000

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 450 kg, travel distance X-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 256 mm, *Black Week Special Offer until 28.11.2025* Lodpjxyxfpofx Aaneta AGIECUT Challenge 2 eCut Year of manufacture: 2005 Travel paths (X/Y/Z): 350 x 250 x 256 mm Travel paths (U/V): +/- 70 mm Maximum taper: 30° at 100 mm Maximum workpiece dimensions (length/width/height): 750 x 550 x 250 mm Maximum workpiece weight (with/without tank): 200/450 kg Best achievable surface finish: 0.2 µm Ra Available wire diameters: 0.10 - 0.33 mm Includes AGIE universal clamping frame Includes AGIE JOGGER handbox Includes control console with USB port The machine will be cleaned, overhauled, and tested by us upon receipt of order. Commissioning and training can also be offered upon request.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 7,166 h, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 3,000 kg, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, total height: 2,815 mm, total length: 3,475 mm, total width: 3,130 mm, This machine is very well maintained and in excellent condition. You can inspect and test this machine under power. Price is ex works, without dismantling. Manufacturer: Mitsubishi Electronic Year of manufacture: 2017 MODEL: MV4800 Operating hours: approx. 7,166 hrs Application type: Wire EDM Machine type: Wire-cut EDM machine Technical Data – Mitsubishi MV4800 General Information Width: 3,130 mm Depth: 3,475 mm Height: 2,815 mm Weight: 5,700 kg Movements X-axis travel: 800 mm Y-axis travel: 600 mm Z-axis travel: 510 mm U/V travel: 200 (+/-100) mm Workpiece Diameter over bed: 1,250 mm Diameter over saddle: 1,020 mm Workpiece diameter: 505 mm Maximum table load: 3,000 kg Ltodpfjvdu Hzox Aanea Worktable External length: 1,080 mm External width: 780 mm Price significantly reduced. This machine is being sold due to business relocation.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, Machining paths X/Y/Z: 350mm/220mm/220mm, table dimensions X/Y: 680mm/450mm. max. workpiece weight: 750kg, max. workpiece dimensions X/Y/Z: 1000mm/550mm/250mm. Wire diameter range: 0.1mm-0.3mm, wire spool size: 8kg, skewing capacity: 0°-30°. Dimensions X/Y/Z: 2020mm/2050mm/2000mm, weight: approx. 2500kg, operating hours: approx. 60000. Lsdjx E Ulxepfx Aansta

Condition: used, wire diameter - max. 10 mm wire diameter - min. 3 mm wire length 8 m total power requirement 7,5 kW weight of the machine ca. 1,1 t dimensions of the machine ca. LxBxH 2,53 x 0,75 x 1,1 m Lsdpfx Aajwu Hg Honeta

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2002, travel distance X-axis: 530 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 400 mm, wire diameter (max.): 0.35 mm, number of axes: 5, wire diameter (min.): 0.1 mm, Main Drive Number of axis 5 Min. Wire Diameter 0.1 mm Max. Wire Diameter 0.35 mm Movement X-Axis Movement 530 mm Z-Axis Movement 400 mm Y-Axis Movement 350 mm This 5-axis ONA KE350 wire EDM machine was manufactured in 2002. It features X/Y/Z travels of 530 × 350 × 400 mm and U/V travels of 140 × 140 mm, supporting a maximum workpiece size of 1050 × 800 × 400 mm and weight up to 3000 kg. It includes high-precision closed diamond guides and capabilities for automatic wire threading and water temperature control. Consider the opportunity to buy this ONA KE350 wire EDM machine. Contact us for more information. Application Types Lodjx D D Taopfx Aaneta EDM

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 450 kg, travel distance X-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 256 mm, workpiece height (max.): 250 mm, workpiece width (max.): 750 mm, workpiece length (max.): 550 mm, GF AgieCharmilles Progress VP2 Year of manufacture: 2011 Travel paths: X = 350 mm, Y = 250 mm, Z = 256 mm U/V-axis travel: +/- 70 mm Maximum taper: 30° at 100 mm height Maximum workpiece dimensions: 750 x 550 x 250 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 200 kg (submerged) / 450 kg (dry) Achievable surface finish: Ra: 0.20 µm Maximum cutting speed: 500 mm²/min Glass scales on X and Y axes for increased precision Available wire diameters: 0.15 – 0.33 mm Submerged wire-cut EDM machine with automatic wire threading and automatic re-threading after wire breakage Manual front door (accessible from one side) Ltedpfx Aaoxyw Ebenoa Including AGIEJOGGER hand-held box for convenient setup AGIE IPG-V generator with power module AGIEVISION 5 control system Dimensions (L x W x H): 1640 x 2040 x 2220 mm Net weight: 2580 kg Our machines are cleaned and fully overhauled after order intake. A test cut with optimal surface finish is performed prior to acceptance. You will receive a 6-month warranty on the machine. We are happy to offer on-site commissioning and training.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 8,500 h, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 1,500 kg, travel distance X-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 310 mm, total height: 2,150 mm, total length: 2,687 mm, total width: 3,030 mm, workpiece height (max.): 305 mm, workpiece width (max.): 1,050 mm, workpiece length (max.): 820 mm, type of input current: AC, table width: 840 mm, overall weight: 3,500 kg, table length: 640 mm, positioning accuracy: 0.003 mm, ### Price heavily reduced ### This machine is very well maintained and in very good condition. The machine is still in production. You can view and test this machine with power on. Price is ex works, without dismantling. Manufacturer: Mitsubishi Electronic Year of manufacture: 2017 MODEL: MV 2400R MV-R Series – Power for Precision Production hours: approx. 8,000 hours Application type: EDM / wire cutting Machine type: Wire EDM machine Technical specifications - Mitsubishi MV 2400R X-axis movement: 600 mm Y-axis movement: 400 mm Z-axis movement: 310 mm Travel (X / Y / Z) in mm: 600 / 400 / 310 Travel (U / V) in mm: 150 / 150 (+/- 75) Max. workpiece dimensions (W x D x H) in mm: 1050 x 820 x 305 Max. workpiece weight in kg: 1500 Table dimensions (W x D) in mm: 840 x 640 Overall dimensions (W x D x H) in mm: 2687 x 3030 x 2150 Machine weight in kg: 3500 Ljdpfovq Rh Uex Aanjta Price greatly reduced.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 750 kg, travel distance X-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 220 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 220 mm, total height: 2,154 mm, total length: 2,050 mm, total width: 2,234 mm, workpiece height (max.): 220 mm, workpiece width (max.): 550 mm, workpiece length (max.): 800 mm, overall weight: 2,450 kg, warranty duration: 6 months, GF Machining Solutions CUT P350 Year of manufacture: 2020 Ltodpfx Ajxywz Ajanja AC CUT HMI-2 control system Travel paths (X / Y / Z): 350 x 220 x 220 mm Travel paths (U / V): 350 x 220 mm Max. taper angle: +/- 30° at 200 mm height Integrated Collision Protection (ICP) on all 5 axes Maximum workpiece dimensions: 800 x 550 x 220 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 750 kg Cutting speed: 400 mm²/min Best surface finish: Ra 0.08 µm Available wire diameters: 0.15 mm to 0.33 mm Overall system dimensions: 2050 x 2234 x 2154 mm Total system weight: 2450 kg The machine will be cleaned, completely overhauled, and tested for all functions by us after receipt of order. We are pleased to offer you commissioning of the machine as well as operator training on the control system.

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2003, functionality: fully functional, workpiece weight (max.): 450 kg, travel distance X-axis: 350 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 256 mm, High-precision wire EDM machine at a special price! Ledpfxjxx Tgxs Aanjta AGIECUT Excellence 2 Year of manufacture: 2003 Travel paths (X/Y/Z): 350 x 250 x 256 mm Travel paths (U/V): +/- 70 mm Maximum taper: 30° at 100 mm Maximum workpiece dimensions (length/width/height): 750 x 550 x 250 mm Maximum workpiece weight (with/without tank): 200/450 kg Best achievable surface finish: 0.1 µm Ra Maximum cutting rate in cylindrical cut: 300 mm²/min Available wire diameters: 0.10 - 0.33 mm Including AGIE universal clamping frame Including AGIE Jogger handbox Including console with 4x USB ports Including AGIE-Setup 3D The machine has been cleaned, overhauled, and thoroughly tested by our technicians. We are also happy to offer commissioning and training on request.