Used press brakes with 120-149t bending force for sale (105)

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, 6KW Thunderbird flatbed laser 3000mm x 1500mm Precitec Procuter 2.0 Metalix CAD/CAM software Subject to errors and omissions. Cjdpfoxpqcfex Addsrk

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2007, working width: 4,250 mm, type of crowning: CNC-controlled, overall weight: 16,000 kg, total length: 6,000 mm, total width: 1,700 mm, total height: 3,000 mm, - Press beam operating hours: 9,874 h - Stroke: 600 mm - Force: 1,700 kN Crsdpoxcxy Ssfx Addok - Working length: 4,250 mm - 5-axis backgauge - CNC crowning - Hydraulic tool clamping (top/bottom) - Die adjustment for hemming - CNC-controlled bending aid - Bendguard safety device - ACB angle measuring sensor

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, Hydraulic press brake PBO-3212-CNC Delem DA-58T Specifications - Nominal pressure: 1250 kN - Max working length 3200 mm - Throat depth: 320 mm - Max stroke: 120 mm - Daylight: 390 mm - Distance between side frames: 2700 mm - Max backgauge distance: 600 mm - Nominal motor power: 7.5 kW - Length: 3870 mm - Width: 1550 mm - Height: 2400 mm - Weight: 6600.0 kg Tools - Front supports: 2 pcs - Backgauge distance regulation (X-axis): servo motor - Ram control (Y-axis): servo motor - Finger height adjustment (R axis): manual - Type of punch holder: AMADA quick-action clamping Delem DA-58T controller - Advanced operator support based on algorithms - Advanced, graphic simulation of bending sequences - Operator prompts included - Algorithms to shorten the production process - Automatic calculation of crowning Optional extra - Manual crowning So that you are always sure that the workpiece will have the same angle along its entire length. Optional extra - Automatic crowning Enables the controller to take control over crowning, thus, ensuring that the setting value is always perfectly matched to the needs. Credpfjgi Dkyex Addek OCS - Oil Cooling System Oil Cooling System guarantees the stability of the machine's operating parameters even after long, continuous operation. Assistance by a specialist We make sure to stay in constant touch with our Clients. This is why we add a time package of tech support hours for Otinus Professional Assistance to each machine purchased. See and test the machine Join us for a one-of-a-kind demonstration where a qualified Otinus technician will show you the full functionality of the machine. In addition, you will be able to try out how the device will perform against your needs as you can provide technical drawings and sample material. Included in the machine price 2-day training including installation of the machine - 1st day (up to 8 hours) - installation of the machine and learning to use the controller. - 2nd day (up to 8 hours) - independent work on the machine under the supervision of our technician with the possibility of programming specific parts manufactured by the Client. Telephone consultation with a specialist - 7.30 a.m. to 9 p.m. (Mon-Sat) - package of 8 hours to be used within 12 months - Free lending of transport rolls and two lifting jacks for easier positioning of the machine at Clients' facilities. The rollers and jack will be delivered after prior notification (no less than 7 days before delivery of the machine). Terms of cooperation - 24 month warranty - The machine is brand new - Warranty and post-warranty service provided by the seller - The Client is responsible for the machine during unloading and transporting on-site

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2002, operating hours: 319 h, machine/vehicle number: B0104S0007, control type: NC control, degree of automation: manual, actuation type: electric, controller manufacturer: Pilz siehe Foto, working width: 3,000 mm, stroke length: 365 mm, throat depth: 850 mm, number of axes: 6, type of crowning: CNC-controlled, back gauge adjustment: CNC-controlled, input voltage: 400 V, input current: 47 A, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, emergency stop, foot remote control, Used but well-maintained hydraulic press brake with low operating hours Manufacturer: TRUMPF Model: TrumaBend V130 Year of manufacture: 2002 Technical Data Manufacturer: Trumpf Model: TrumaBend V130 Year: 2002 Operating hours: 319 h (read) Press force: max. 1300 kN Stroke: max. 365 mm Operating pressure: max. 340 bar Credpfxexl Scxs Addsk Connected load: 18.8 kVA Compressed air connection: 6 bar Weight: 12,950 kg

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 1997, installation height: 535 mm, pressing force: 85 t, Bending length [mm] 2050.00 Pressing force [t] 85 Control Delem DA 69 Operating hours [h] 76807 Standard equipment: - Upper drive concept in two-cylinder design Y1/Y2 - Electro-hydraulic ram drive in proportional valve technology - Ram travel measuring system with spring compensation via glass scales - Modern block hydraulics - Spherical suspension and inclination of the pressure beam - CNC back stop system - Safe finger adjustment from the front - Self-centering, manual, hardened upper tool holder for vertical tool change - Hardened, manual lower tool holder - Program-controlled lower tool displacement (I-axis) for 2 positions - Flat front cover - Modern protective cover Cjdpfxjwld R Ds Addjrk + 6-axis back stop system + Hydraulic upper tool clamping + Hydraulic lower tool clamping

Condition: new, MVD SERIES B - 3,100x135Tn SERIES B - 4 Axes Large press brake for achieving outstanding bends and flawless workpieces The body and upper beam are of steel construction, designed according to minimum and optimum strength criteria. Model: B135/3100 Bending force: 135 tons Bending length: 3100 mm Distance between uprights: 2600 mm Ram stroke: 260 mm Daylight: 465 mm Cedexfzpzspfx Addjrk Throat depth: 410 mm Table height: 940 mm Length x Width x Height: 4690 x 2340 x 2980 mm Approach speed: 210 mm/s Return speed: 130 mm/s Bending speed: 10 mm/s Oil tank capacity: 180L Main motor: 11 kW Weight: 7,750 kg Standard features: CNC 3 axes Y1, Y2, X 260 mm stroke, 410 mm throat depth ESA S630 CNC control unit ± 0.03 mm precision SERVO-driven, motorized rear gauge X = 750 mm Promecam quick-release punch holder Sliding front sheet support arms Special narrow bottom table by MVD (European type) GIVI optical linear scales Standard punch tooling (H: 67, 850 R:08) Standard die tooling (60x60 mm, 4 Vee V=16-22-35-50 mm, 85°, H:60) LED lighting in RAM Optional features: Choice of X-axis backgauge options with 2-4-6-8 stops Wide bottom table for Multi Vee forming dies Anti-deflection crowning with original Wila wedges AKAS or DSP front laser safety systems Additional backgauge fingers Front laser safety

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, 6-axis servo press brake Press force 65 tons Bending length 2100 mm 4-axis backgauge (X, R, Z1+Z2) Delem DA66 Stroke 300 mm Csdpsxpfdkofx Addjrk Installation height 590 mm

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1998, pressing force: 125 t, Hydraulic press brake Fab. EHT Typ. VARIOPRESS 125-3550 Year 1998 Technical data Make: EHT Type: Variopress 125-3550 Year of construction: 1998 Capacity: 125 t Effective length: 3550 mm Machine column: 2550 mm Projection: 300 mm Stroke: 240 mm Installation height: 640 mm Codjr Epr Ujpfx Addjrk Oil volume 250 L Dimensions: approx. L 3.90 x W 1.80 x H 3.00 m Weight: approx. 12 t Equipment - Control system: Cybelec DNC 80 2D graphics - Automatic upper tool clamping - Lower tool clamping 90mm and 13mm - controlled axes: Y1, Y2, X1, X2, R, Z1, Z2 - motorized crowning - 6 x V block die length 3,500, segmented: with V12/30°, V40/80°, V24/80°, V10/30°, V24/30°, V16/30° - Punch straight, H 350mm / approx. 70°, length 3060 mm, segmented All data without guarantee. A demonstration under power is possible at any time in our exhibition hall.

Year of construction: 1994, condition: good (used), machine/vehicle number: 24.105, A used, well-preserved hydraulic press brake HATASTAR equipped with: - CYBELEC DNC 70 control - Controlled axes Y1;Y2;X;R - Hydraulic upper tool clamping - Hydraulic crowning - FIESSLER AKAS safety system - Tools - Press book - Documentation bending length 4600mm Stands width 4100mm Press force 1350kN stroke 220mm Rapid traverse 140mm/sec working speed 10mm/sec Retraction speed 100mm/sec Further tech. data see pdf.- document Cjdpfxjfthzko Addsrk Tech. Data and dimensions: Errors excepted.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2005, Gebruikte 3 meter Amada CNC kantbank Type: HFP 130 3 Capaciteit: 3100 x 130 ton 8-assig (Y1, Y2, X1, X2, R1, R2, Z1 en Z2) Bouwjaar: 12-2005 Automatisch Fiessler Alas lasersysteem Credpjwz I Irsfx Addek Euro-stijl gereedschapsklemming met laswisseladapters

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1997, pressure 130 t chamfer lenght 3060 mm distance between columns 2690 mm column arm 410 mm stroke 365 mm dayligth 535 mm ajustment speed 200 mm/sec working feed 1.0 - 10.0 mm/sec return speed 135 mm/sec table width 120 mm table height 1050 mm tiltable up to +/- 10.0 mm Number of working hours ca. 31.800 h compressed air 5.0 - 7.0 bar oil volume 250 l operating pressure 340 bar voltage 400 V total power requirement 23.0 KVA weight of the machine ca. 12950 kg range L-W-H 3660 x 2310 x 2900 mm Machine in a well-maintained condition (!!) with only approx. 31.800 operating hours - in checked condition - machine video - ?v=PBV-MDtZnlE Equipment: - CNC electro-hydraulic press brake - DELEM CNC control model DA 65 * swiveling control panel, front left * 2D graphic programming & product display * Tool & program library Csdpfx Adjxacfmjdsrk * USB keyboard and mouse interface - CNC controlled axes: Y1 + Y2 / X1 + X2 / R1 + R2 / Z1 + Z2 / I axis - CNC controlled back stop (X1 + X2 axis) - CNC controlled height adjustment of the back stop (R1 + R2 axis) - CNC controlled adjustment of the stop fingers (Z1 + Z2 axis) - CNC controlled, pneumatic die displacement (I axis) - CNC WILA electro-motoric table crowning - TRUMPF hydraulic upper tool clamping - TRUMPF manuel Lower tool clamp - 1x freely movable 2-hand / foot control - Safety device at the rear (sliding door) - Safety device at the side (swinging door) - Original operating instructions + spare parts list

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2016, TRUMPF TruBend Cell 5000 – Robotic Bending Cell | Year 2015 TruBend 5130X Press Brake BendMaster Robotic Bending System Control System: TASC 6000 (robot and press are programmed via the machine interface) Cjdpfxjxdfqmj Addjrk Press Brake Specifications: Press force: 130 tons Bending length: 3,250 mm Year of manufacture: 02.2016 More information and video available on request ...

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, working width: 3,100 mm, throat depth: 410 mm, operating speed: 120 mm/s, reverse speed: 160 mm/s, back gauge travel distance Z-axis: 750 mm, overall weight: 7,600 kg, power: 11 kW (14.96 HP), working length: 3,100 mm, READY MACHINE DELIVERED IMMEDIATELY FROM STOCK MAXIMUM WORK THICKNESS : 6 MM. (135 TONS) MAXIMUM WORK ETC: 3100 MM. 4 AXIS + MOTORIZED CAMBERING ALL HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS REXTROTH (GERMAN BOSCH COMPANY) + REXTROTH SCREW SHAFT + REXTROTH HYDRAULIC BLOCKS WITH PROPORTIONAL VALVES + REXTROTH OIL PUMP ALL SERVO MOTORS MITSUBISHI BRAND Crsdpfx Ador Ugv Tsdsk CONTROL UNIT CYBELEC TOUCH 12 SERIES DIGITAL RULERS OPKON MOLDS ITALIAN ROLLER BRAND

Condition: used, One-piece prism block for press brake Crsdpfjwbvmcox Addjk Bending tool for press brake Reversible prism with 6 different prisms Prism sizes: 30 mm with 3 mm radius for 90°, 40 mm with 4.5 mm radius for 90°, 50 mm with 4 mm radius for 90°, 18 mm for 90°, 10 mm for 90°, 12 mm for 45° Dimensions: 90 x 88 mm Prism length: 3000 mm Weight: 147 kg Good condition

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2009, machine/vehicle number: 83339, Offer 25270 Technical Data: - Pressing force: 135 t - Working width: 4300 mm - Distance between uprights: 3150 mm - Table width: 180 mm - Throat depth: 250 mm - Installation height: 400 mm - Approach speed: 70 mm/sec - Working speed: 10 mm/sec - Return speed: 80 mm/sec - Ram stroke: 200 mm - Pneumatic connection - Drive: 400 V / 15 kW - Space requirements: approx. W 4800 x H 2900 x D 1900 mm - Weight: approx. 12,800 kg - Includes: - Swivel arm – operator panel with 8-axis FastBEND control Csdpfsw H N D Eox Addjrk - Safety light curtain - Crowning system - Pneumatic upper tool clamping - Motorized backgauge - Various upper and lower tools - Separate tool cabinet with mobile racking (BEDRUNKA - HIRTH) - Two-hand operation console, foot switch,

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2007, Gebruikte 3-meter kantbank van LVD Crjdpfx Aowz I Raeddek Type: PPEB 135 30 Capaciteit: 3100 x 135 ton Cadman CNC-besturing Y1, Y2, X, X1, R, Z1 en Z2 CNC-bombering Hoekmeetsysteem (niet aangesloten) Wila hydraulische boven- en onderklemming

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, pressure 180 t chamfer lenght 3100 mm distance between columns 2550 mm throat 310 mm stroke 200 mm ajustment speed 80.0 mm/sec working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 58.0 mm/sec dayligth 385 mm table width 240 mm work height max. 885 / 1050 mm oil volume 180 ltr. total power requirement 15.0 kW weight of the machine ca. 9850 kg. range L-W-H 4200 x 1750 x 2450 mm from a maintenance workshop well-maintained condition (!!) - in checked condition - machine video - ?v=o_t9BBMsNNs Equipment: - simple, conventional electro-hydraulic press brake * with torsion shaft for parallelism of the upper beam - electric back stop, with ball screws (X axis) * with 4x manually adjustable stop fingers * fine adjustment via handwheel at the front, with analog position display - electro-motor adjustment of the immersion depth (Y1 + Y2 axis) * with digital position display - swiveling operation, mounting side on the left - 1x set of upper tools - 1x rotatable MULTI V universal die block Crjdsxab Eropfx Addek - 2x front / movable support arms - 1x freely movable 2-hand foot control - operating instructions (PDF)

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2018, operating hours: 100 h, 135 tons length 3000mm The machine is like new Crjdpfxjmzbplo Addok Comes with additional software to calculate production cost

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2001, Pressure: 85 t Bending length: 2050 mm Frame gap: 1750 mm Control: DELEM Stroke: 215 mm Throat depth: 410 mm Total power: 13 kW Weight: 8,750 kg Machine dimensions: 3190 x 2100 x 2375 mm Crodpfx Ajw D Abreddok

Condition: used, CNC press brake FASTI type 904-125/30 serial no. 95-904-5775 year of construction 1995 Pressure capacity 125 ton. Working length 3050 mm Crodpfx Adjhmmfkedjk Stroke approx. 335 mm Stand projection 300 mm Clearance between the side uprights 2550 mm Tool installation height max. 465 mm (opening width between the tool holders) Table width 90 mm (the clamping system is mounted on the table) Table height above floor 875 mm (910 mm with clamping system) Backgauge X-axis 500 mm Backgauge R-axis 115 mm Backgauge Z-axis approx. 1950 mm Lowering speed Y rapid traverse 90 mm/s Lowering speed Y-operation 8.9 mm/s Return stroke speed Y-retraction 75 mm/s Oil filling approx. 160 liters Motor power 18.5 kW Mains connection 400 Volt, 50 Hz, 20 Amp. - 7-axis CNC control DELEM type DA 58 with LCD screen - 1 axis for back gauge - stop depth (X-axis) - 2 axes for back gauge - fence height (finger R1 + finger R2) - 2 axes for back gauge - stop finger, laterally movable (finger Z1 + finger Z2) - 2 axes for press beam with servo valves and measuring system Y1 and Y2 - Operation via electric foot switch and 2-hand control panel or 2-hand control panel only - Hydraulic tool clamping for the TRUMPF upper tool system, with 20 mm clamping groove - Hydraulic tool clamping for the lower tool with 13 mm table groove, depth 21 mm (tool pin 13 x 20 mm) - FIESSLER safety light barrier, type AKAS - 2 material support arms at the front, manually movable to the side and height-adjustable - Electrical diagram, hydraulic diagram, user manual for control available - Control cabinet on the machine - without tools Space requirement L x W x H 5000 x 2500 x 3050 mm Transport dimensions L x W x H 5200 x 1900 x 2950 mm Weight 8.5 tons. Good condition

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, machine/vehicle number: P020504, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: semi-automatic, actuation type: hydraulic, controller manufacturer: Delem, controller model: DA-66W, bending force (max.): 130 t, working width: 3,150 mm, stroke length: 350 mm, throat depth: 500 mm, distance between stands: 2,600 mm, installation height: 550 mm, operating speed: 10 mm/s, reverse speed: 115 mm/s, number of axes: 6, table height: 950 mm, type of crowning: CNC-controlled, oil tank capacity: 160 l, travel distance X-axis: 500 mm, back gauge adjustment: CNC-controlled, back gauge speed R-axis: 100 mm/s, back gauge travel distance R-axis: 160 mm, overall weight: 13,500 kg, total length: 2,300 mm, total width: 4,000 mm, total height: 3,100 mm, power: 15 kW (20.39 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input current: 35 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, emergency stop, european tool clamping system, lower tooling, safety light barrier, upper tooling, Offered Machine: Used CNC Hydraulic Press Brake Manufacturer: CR Electronic Model: GOLD 130/31 Year of manufacture: 2004 Control: Delem DA-66W (8-axis capable) Condition: used, fully functional (Z-axes currently out of service, see below) Technical Specifications: - Press force: 1,300 kN (130 t) - Bending length: 3,100 mm - Distance between uprights: 2,600 mm - CNC-controlled axes: Y1, Y2, X, R, Z1, Z2 (Note: Z1 and Z2 are currently electronically out of service – new servo drives required. Manual movement possible.) - Stroke: 350 mm - Installation height: 550 mm - Throat depth: 500 mm - Backgauge (X): 600 mm - Table height: 950 mm - Working speed: 10 mm/s - Return speed: 115 mm/s - Motor power: 11 kW - Operating pressure: 275 bar - Weight: approx. 13,500 kg Equipment & Features: - CNC-controlled hydraulic crowning - System tool holders top & bottom Crsdpfxjw A Rgge Addjk - Manual quick clamping of upper tools - Laser optical finger guard (safety light curtain) - PLC-supported diagnostic system - 2 support arms with quick adjustment - Operating manuals available - CE compliant Including accessories: - Fully equipped tool cabinet - Upper tool 88°, full machine length - Upper tool 35°, full machine length - Round bending upper tool - V8 T-die, full machine length - V12 T-die, full machine length - Flattening die, approx. 2,000 mm length Condition / Remarks: - Machine is in well-maintained condition, currently connected - Inspection and test run under power possible on site - Z1/Z2 currently not operational – new servo drives required - Machine is being replaced due to a planned modernization involving the acquisition of a new press brake. Price: €26,500 net (plus VAT) Negotiable for quick and straightforward purchase.

Condition: new, Synchronized Hydraulic Press Brake MVD Crodpfx Adjfh Nz Hodek Mod. I-Bend A 3100 135 Videographic Numerical Control Touch Screen ESA S630 Controlled axes No. 4 (Y1-Y2-X-R) Motorized compensation table Promecam type tool attachment with quick release lever Multi-beam barriers NEW ELECTRONICS DSP LASER Motorized rear register mm 750 Bending length mm 3100 Power exerted Ton 135 Groove mm 410 Stroke mm 210 Opening mm 415 ROLLERI multi-slot upper tools and lower dies supplied

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, pressure 135 t chamfer lenght 3050 mm distance between columns 2600 mm column arm 410 mm ajustment speed 160 mm/sec working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 120 mm/sec stroke 265 mm dayligth 530 mm table height 900 mm oil volume 200 ltr. control DNC 880 S Number of working hours ~ 17.200 h total power requirement 15.0 kW weight of the machine ca. 10250 kg. range L-W-H 4570 x 2360 x 2900 mm good condition (!!) current new price approx. 80.000 euros special price on request - in checked condition - machine video - ?v=dyv7iQXcRt4 Equipment: - electro-hydraulic CNC press brake - two synchronized cylinders with "HIGH PERFORMANCE" hydraulic components - with CYBELEC CNC control - "DNC 880S" * 2D graphic display for display and multiple simulation * graphic 2D programming * easy handling * automatic bending sequence calculation and collision detection * large product and tool library * automatic tonnage calculation (pressure) - swiveling operation, front right - CNC controlled axes: Y1 + Y2 + X + R + CNC crowning - upper beam with solid, self-lubricating four-way guide - CNC electro-motorized back stop (X axis) * with 2x manually adjustable stop fingers * Adjustment range up to max. 650 mm - CNC electro-motor height adjustment of the rear stop (R axis) * Adjustment range up to max. 250 mm - CNC electro-motor table cambering - AMADA/RAPID pneumatic upper tool clamp - AMADA lower tool holder, including die shoe Csdpfxjxablre Addjrk - FIESSLER LASER safety device at the front - 2x front, movable support arms ("Sliding" system) - side safety device (swinging doors) - rear safety device (swinging door) - 1x freely movable foot switch - large hydraulic oil tank to keep the operating temperature low - original operating instructions

Condition: used, pressure 125 t chamfer lenght 3050 mm Credexabk Iopfx Addok distance between columns 2550 mm ajustment speed 90.0 mm/sec working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 75.0 mm/sec stroke 140 mm dayligth 375 mm column arm 250 mm table width 90.0 mm work height max. ca. 950 mm Number of working hours 14.100 h total power requirement 13.5 kW weight 8500 kg range L-W-H 3630 x 2300 x 2505 mm From a maintenance workshop Good / well-maintained condition With only approx. 14.100 operating hours (!!) Equipment: - CNC electro-hydraulic press brake - DELEM CNC control - model "DA 58" * Swiveling control panel, front left * 2D graphic programming & product display * Tool & program library - CNC-controlled axes: * Y1+Y2 / X1+X2 / R1+R2 / Z1+Z2 / CNC crowning - CNC electro-motorized backgauge (X axes) * Stop system with 2x CNC-controlled gantries - CNC electro-motorized height adjustment of the backgauge (R axes) - CNC electro-motorized adjustment of the stop fingers (Z axes) - Manual upper tool clamping - Manual lower tool clamping - Various split upper and lower tools - 2x stable, movable Front support arms - 1x freely movable 2-hand/foot control - Side guard (swinging doors) - Rear guard (swinging door) - Original operating instructions + control unit - Manufacturer's CE declaration

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1992, pressure 125 t chamfer lenght 3100 mm distance between columns 2550 mm throat 250 mm stroke 120 mm ajustment speed 70.0 mm/sec working feed 7.0 mm/sec return speed 60.0 mm/sec dayligth 325 mm table width 180 mm work height max. 915 mm oil volume 150 ltr. total power requirement 12.5 kW Crsdpfx Adjxaauledek weight of the machine ca. 9100 kg. range L-W-H 3200 x 1325 x 2470 mm well-maintained condition from a maintenance workshop (!!) Equipment: - simple, conventional electro-hydraulic press brake * with torsion shaft for parallelism of the upper beam - electro-motor-driven back stop, with ball screws (X axis) * with 2x manually adjustable stop fingers * fine adjustment via handwheel at the front, with analog position display - electro-motor-driven adjustment of the immersion depth (Y1+Y2 axis) * with digital position display - swiveling operation, left-hand side - split deer foot + pointing tool - 1x rotatable Multi V universal die block - 1x freely movable 2-hand foot control - operating instructions